Question 1

Since the beginning of scientific polling almost seventy years ago, how many Americans consistently report that they believe in God?

Accepted Answer

Since the beginning of scientific polling, consistently about 95% of Americans have reported that they believe in God.

Question 2

In South Korea, there are several hundred thousands of professional mediators, called manshin. What is their role?

Accepted Answer

Manshin are professional mediators who have the ability to communicate with a multitude of gods and spirits, often through shamanic rituals. They are sought out for their ability to connect with the spirit world and seek guidance or resolution for problems that may be affecting individuals, families, or communities.

Question 3

A journal editor asks you to write a research article about "indigenous psychologies." This means that your article is likely to be about __________________.

Accepted Answer

Indigenous psychologies refer to the study of cultural groups understood from "within" with the help of methodologies associated almost exclusively with these groups. It involves examining the unique ways in which different cultural groups perceive, think, and behave, and how this knowledge can be used to promote understanding and well-being in multicultural contexts.

Question 4

If a psychologist studies the hidden meanings that people of different countries attach to their birthday greetings, she is studying which cultural characteristics?

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is studying the hidden meanings behind birthday greetings, which are a form of nonverbal communication. These meanings are likely to be implicit and reflect cultural norms and values that may not be explicitly stated.

Question 5

What is the second largest racial group recognized by the U.S. Bureau of the Census?

Accepted Answer

According to the U.S. Census Bureau's 2020 report, Hispanics/Latinx are the second-largest ethnic group in the United States, after Non-Hispanic Whites.

Question 6

The Cultural Mixtures Approach challenges which concept in cross-cultural psychology?

Accepted Answer

The Cultural Mixtures Approach challenges the concept of cultural dichotomies, which is the idea that cultures can be divided into two distinct categories (e.g. individualistic vs. collectivistic). This approach emphasizes the complexity and diversity of cultures, and recognizes that cultures are constantly evolving and changing through contact and interaction with other cultures.

Question 7

The United States' culture is commonly associated with individualism. This means that most likely_________.

Accepted Answer

The statement suggests that US culture has more individualist features than collectivist features, but it does not provide information about the percentage of Americans who are individualists, their level of freedom, or their influence on power distance or uncertainty avoidance. Therefore, option C is the best choice, as it directly relates to the statement.

Question 8

Which of the following is not typical of traditional cultures?

Accepted Answer

Truth being revealed through competition of ideas is not typical of traditional cultures. In traditional cultures, truth is often accepted as a given, based on established beliefs and customs. There may not be much room for debate or dissenting opinions.

Question 9

According to evolutionary psychologist, Geoffrey Miller, the brain, like the peacock's tail, is designed through evolution to __________________

Accepted Answer

According to Geoffrey Miller's theory of sexual selection, the human brain evolved to attract mates in the same way that a peacock's tail evolved to attract mates. The brain's capacity for creativity, intelligence, and a sense of humor are all potential signals of genetic fitness, making them attractive to potential mates.

Question 10

At the turn of the twentieth century, the American sociologist Fredrick Turner (1920) argued that while facing the challenges of the frontier, Americans as conquerors and builders developed both __________________

Accepted Answer

Frederick Turner's thesis, "The Significance of the Frontier in American History," argued that the American frontier shaped the unique character of American society, blending individualism and self-reliance with egalitarianism and democracy. Therefore, the best choice is A, individualistic and egalitarian culture.

Question 11

A kind of multiculturalism that involves combining features of two cultures into one unique blend is called:

Accepted Answer

Biculturalism involves integrating features of two cultures into one unique blend. This can occur through the process of acculturation, where an individual or group adopts aspects of a new culture while still retaining elements of their original culture.

Question 12

A typical humanist (or the follower of the humanist tradition in sciences) is a person who embraces:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A typical humanist (or the follower of...

Question 13

Cross-culturally, poverty and life expectancy (the measure of how long the individual is expected to live in that country) are correlated.

Accepted Answer

Studies have consistently shown that there is a correlation between poverty and life expectancy, with individuals living in poverty having lower life expectancies compared to those living in more affluent conditions. This correlation has been observed across different cultures and countries.

Question 14

Individuals from "high-power-distance" cultures tend to reject inequality between various social groups, such as parents and children.

Accepted Answer

Individuals from "high-power-distance" cultures tend to accept and even expect inequality between social groups, including parents and children.

Question 15

Cultural psychology advocates the idea that mental processes are the products of an interaction between education and the individual.

Accepted Answer

Cultural psychology advocates the idea that mental processes are the products of an interaction between culture and the individual, not just education.

Question 16

Although the word "Hispanic" has been the official government term in the United States since 1980, this term is generally not used in Latin America.

Accepted Answer

The term "Hispanic" is primarily used in the United States and is not commonly used in Latin America. Different countries in Latin America have their own specific terms to refer to their populations, such as "Latino" or "Latinoamericano."

Question 17

Two people can belong to different nationalities but share the same ethnicity.

Accepted Answer

Nationality refers to the legal or political status of a person in a particular country, while ethnicity refers to a shared cultural or ancestral identity. Therefore, it is possible for two people to have different nationalities but belong to the same ethnicity, such as two individuals both of Japanese ethnicity but one holding Japanese citizenship and the other holding American citizenship.

Question 18

Studies show that compared with Asians, Western Europeans such as the British and the Germans tend to be more independent in their relationships and decisions.

Accepted Answer

Studies have found that Western Europeans tend to score higher on individualism, which is a cultural value emphasizing independence and self-reliance, compared to Asians who tend to score higher on collectivism, which emphasizes interdependence and group harmony. However, it's important to note that these are broad generalizations and there is a lot of diversity within each cultural group.

Question 19

Traditional cultures embrace the ideology of liberal individualism.

Accepted Answer

Traditional cultures tend to prioritize community and group values over individual rights and freedoms associated with liberal individualism.

Question 20

Research shows that people in Eastern and Western cultures are generally similar in how they handle uncertainty.

Accepted Answer

Research has found that there are differences in how people from Eastern and Western cultures handle uncertainty. For example, Eastern cultures (such as those in China, Japan, and Korea) tend to have a higher tolerance for ambiguity and uncertainty, while Western cultures (such as those in Europe and North America) tend to value stability and control.

Quiz 1: Understanding Cross-Cultural Psychology