Question 1

The presumed superiority of native-born citizens, favoring the allocation of resources to them over immigrants and promoting a fear of foreign cultures is called:

Accepted Answer

Nativism is the belief that native-born citizens are superior to immigrants and thus deserve to receive more resources. This is often accompanied by a fear of foreign cultures and a desire to exclude or limit immigration. This can manifest in policies such as border walls or immigration quotas, and can also lead to discrimination and prejudice against immigrants or minority groups.

Question 2

Which of the following was not an immigration policy but because it referred to free-White persons, it applied to foreign-born White people?

Accepted Answer

The Naturalization Law of 1790 was not specifically an immigration policy but it did specify that only "free white persons" could become citizens, thus applying to foreign-born white people.

Question 3

What was the 1893 landmark Supreme Court case that involved three Chinese nationals who claimed they deserved constitutional protections in their deportation cases?

Accepted Answer

This case involved three Chinese nationals who were living in the United States and were facing deportation. They argued that they should be entitled to constitutional protections in their deportation cases, specifically the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause. The Supreme Court ultimately ruled against them, stating that Congress had plenary power over immigration and that non-citizens did not have the same rights as citizens under the Constitution.

Question 4

In 1924, the U.S. Congress implemented three restrictive measures that effectively cut off immigration from most countries. Which of the following is NOT one of those measures?

Accepted Answer

The Native American Citizenship Act of 1924 granted U.S. citizenship to all Native Americans born in the United States, which is not a measure aimed at restricting immigration.

Question 5

There were several non-democratic countries who were among the first one to change racist immigration policies to more inclusive ones. Which of the following is NOT included among them?

Accepted Answer

Paraguay, Argentina, and Chile all underwent significant changes in their immigration policies towards the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century. Venezuela, however, did not experience such changes until decades later in the mid-20th century.

Question 6

The second wave of 4.6 million Mexicans came under a program created by the U.S. government to meet labor shortages caused by World War II. The program was called the:

Accepted Answer

The Bracero Program was created by the U.S. government to address labor shortages during World War II, bringing in 4.6 million Mexican workers to work in agriculture, railroad construction, and other industries. The other options, Operation Wetback and Guest Worker Program, were also immigration programs, but they were implemented at later dates and were not specifically created to address labor shortages during the war. The Campesino Program is not a recognized program in relation to Mexican immigration to the U.S.

Question 7

Under the McCarran Internal Security Act of 1950, deportation proceedings were initiated against 15,000 suspected or confirmed Communists. How many of the 15,000 people were deported?

Accepted Answer

Out of the 15,000 people, only 253 were deported.

Question 8

The 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act was also called the:

Accepted Answer

The 1965 Immigration and Nationality Act is also called the Hart-Cellar Act, named after its sponsors Senator Philip Hart and Representative Emanuel Celler.

Question 9

Under the 1924 Immigration Act, the number of immigrants from Asia dropped from 36,080 in the 1850s to __________ in the 1930s.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under the 1924 Immigration Act, the number...

Question 10

Following the 1943 repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Act, Chinese immigration to the United States:

Accepted Answer

The repeal of the Chinese Exclusion Act in 1943 paved the way for Chinese immigration to the United States to slowly begin to pick up again, although it took some time for the numbers to increase significantly. There were several factors that contributed to this increase, including changes in U.S. immigration policy and economic opportunities in both China and the United States. However, it was not a sudden or dramatic increase, as suggested by options D.

Question 11

In 1929, California began to see Filipinos as a threat, so they asked Congress to restrict Filipino Immigration. Congress passed the Tydings-McDuffe Act in 1934 which limited Filipino immigration an annual quota of:

Accepted Answer

The Tydings-McDuffie Act of 1934 limited Filipino immigration to the United States to an annual quota of 50. This was part of broader efforts to restrict immigration from Asia and reflected the racial and economic anxieties of the time.

Question 12

Between 1966 and 1981, over 200,000 Asian Indians came to the United States. The majority of these new immigrants were __________.

Accepted Answer

The options of farm laborers and factory workers are unlikely since the question mentions that the majority were professionals. Doctors are specifically mentioned, so it is possible that a significant portion of the immigrants were doctors, but D is the most inclusive option that covers all types of professionals.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic about Korean immigrants?

Accepted Answer

While some Korean immigrants may have come on student visas or as brides, it is not true that 50% came on student visas and 20% as brides. This statement is false and not a characteristic of Korean immigrants as a whole.

Question 14

Latin American migration increased dramatically in the 1990s, when ____________ Latin Americans became legal permanent residents.

Accepted Answer

In the 1990s, approximately 5 million Latin Americans became legal permanent residents, marking a significant increase in Latin American migration during that decade.

Question 15

Since 1965, approximately 3.5 million Caribbean immigrants came from each of the following countries EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

While Puerto Rico is part of the Caribbean, its citizens are also considered US citizens and therefore not included in the count of Caribbean immigrants to the US. Therefore, the correct answer is A) Puerto Rico.

Question 16

Prior to 1965, there were no limits on the number of immigrants who could be admitted from __________.

Accepted Answer

Prior to 1965, there were no limits on the number of immigrants who could be admitted from Mexico.

Question 17

The Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) had two prongs. The first was to offer legalization option for people who lived in the United States but did not have the proper authorization to work and the second was:

Accepted Answer

The second prong of the Immigration Reform and Control Act (IRCA) was to impose sanctions on employers who hired undocumented workers. This measure was meant to deter employers from hiring undocumented workers and help decrease the demand for illegal immigration. Employers who knowingly hired undocumented workers could face fines and penalties, including the possibility of criminal charges.

Question 18

As Californians were debating Proposition 187 in the early 1990s, which of the following was NOT a statement made about Mexicans:

Accepted Answer

The statement in option C, "It's time to get these dirty, lazy Mexicans out of here," is not documented as a statement made during the debates over Proposition 187. The other options reflect sentiments or actions related to the discussions and political climate surrounding the proposition, which aimed to restrict illegal immigrants from accessing public services in California.

Question 19

What was the 1996 legislation that denied government services and benefits to legally present migrants?

Accepted Answer

The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (PRWORA) was signed into law in 1996 and included provisions that denied government services and benefits to legally present migrants.

Question 20

Deportation policy is also gendered. About 90% of all deportees are men, even though about half of all immigrants are men. What, according to Golash-Boza, is a likely reason for this?

Accepted Answer

Golash-Boza explains that men are more likely to be in public spaces, such as the workplace or streets, where they may come to the attention of authorities. This is due to traditional gender roles and expectations that often place men in these spaces.

Quiz 13: Racism, Nativism, and Immigration Policy