Question 1

Match between columns
                        Premises: intradialytic parenteral nutrition
struvite
acute kidney injury
uremia
diuresis
nephrotic syndrome
cystinuria
glomerular filtration rate
creatinine
hypoalbuminuria
anuria
end-stage renal disease
high energy density
filtrate
Bowman's capsule
dialyzer
aldosterone
ultrafiltration

Accepted Answer

The Answer of a steroid hormone secreted by the adrenal is...

Question 2

Describe special dietary considerations for a patient who has had a kidney transplant.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Describe the appropriate dietary treatment for different types of kidney stones, including calcium oxalate, uric acid, and cystine stones.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

What describes an advantage of peritoneal dialysis over hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What describes an advantage of peritoneal dialysis...

Question 5

Explain the differences between prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal factors in the development of acute kidney disease.

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Describe the potential consequences that can develop with nephrotic syndrome.

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A patient presents with elevated BUN, creatinine, and blood pressure. He complains of moodiness, fatigue, confusion, easy bruising, and pruritus. The nurse recognizes these as symptoms of:

Accepted Answer

Elevated BUN and creatinine levels along with symptoms such as fatigue, confusion, pruritus, and easy bruising are indicative of uremia, which is a sign of renal (kidney) dysfunction. High blood pressure can also be a potential consequence of chronic kidney disease. Cystinuria is a genetic disorder characterized by the formation and excretion of cystine stones in the kidneys, but it does not necessarily present with the symptoms described. Diuresis refers to increased urine output, which could be a symptom of some underlying condition but is not necessarily related to the symptoms described. Renal osteodystrophy is a term used to describe bone changes that occur as a consequence of chronic kidney disease, and gout is a type of arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints. While these conditions may be complications of kidney disease, they do not explain the full range of symptoms described in the question stem.

Question 8

Explain energy needs when providing nutrition care of clients with chronic kidney disease.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain energy needs when providing nutrition care...

Question 9

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A patient's lab results reveal hypoalbuminemia. The nurse realizes that this is likely to cause _____ in the patient.

Accepted Answer

Hypoalbuminemia, or low levels of albumin in the blood, can cause a decrease in oncotic pressure (the pressure that keeps fluid within the blood vessels), leading to fluid accumulation in the tissues and resulting in edema.

Question 10

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice The nurse understands that patients on peritoneal dialysis may most likely experience what side effect?

Accepted Answer

Peritoneal dialysis can lead to hypertriglyceridemia due to the absorption of glucose from the dialysate, which can increase triglyceride levels in the blood.

Question 11

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice The nurse in the dialysis unit understands that patients may experience various complications during hemodialysis. What describes a common complication during hemodialysis?

Accepted Answer

Leg cramps are a common complication during hemodialysis due to changes in fluid and electrolyte levels. Profuse sweating, hypertension, severe pain, and confusion are not typically common complications during hemodialysis.

Question 12

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A client is admitted to the emergency room and is found to have proteinuria, edema, and elevated blood lipids. The nurse recognizes these symptoms as those associated with:

Accepted Answer

The symptoms of proteinuria, edema, and elevated blood lipids are associated with nephrotic syndrome, which is a kidney disorder characterized by damage to the glomeruli (tiny blood vessels in the kidneys). Rejection of a kidney transplant would not present with these symptoms. Acute kidney injury may present with proteinuria, but edema and elevated blood lipids are not typical. Kidney stones and renal colic are unrelated to these symptoms.

Question 13

Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A 52-year-old male patient recently required surgery for the removal of a large calcium oxalate stone. To prevent further stone formation, the nurse instructs him to consume plenty of fluids, but advises against drinking:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nursing Exam Review Multiple Choice A 52-year-old...

Quiz 22: Nutrition and Renal Diseases

Match each nutrition term with the appropriate definition.