Question 1

The AAP supports exclusive breastfeeding for approximately six months but recognizes that infants are often developmentally ready to accept complementary foods between four and six months of age.

Accepted Answer

The AAP supports exclusive breastfeeding for approximately six months but recognizes that infants are often developmentally ready to accept complementary foods between four and six months of age.

Question 2

At the age of two, healthy children have attained approximately half of their adult height.

Accepted Answer

This is true. By age two, most children have reached about half of their adult height.

Question 3

Not only do infants grow rapidly, but in proportion to body weight, their:

Accepted Answer

Infants have a high basal metabolic rate due to the energy demands of growth and development.

Question 4

The main source of energy in an infant's diet is provided by what substance found in breast milk and formula?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The main source of energy in an...

Question 5

What food is most likely introduced early when starting complementary foods because it is the least allergenic to an infant?

Accepted Answer

Rice cereal is often recommended as the first food to introduce to infants because it is easily digestible and has a low risk of causing an allergic reaction compared to other foods like eggs and soy milk. Oatmeal and cream of Wheat may also be good options, but rice cereal is typically the most common.

Question 6

What best describes why cow's milk is not recommended for infants under one year of age?

Accepted Answer

Cow's milk is not recommended for infants under one year of age because it can cause intestinal bleeding. Cow's milk contains high levels of protein and minerals, which can be hard for a baby's developing kidneys to handle. Additionally, cow's milk lacks important nutrients that infants need early in life, such as iron and vitamin E. Finally, cow's milk may also contain bacteria that can be harmful to infants, which is why it is recommended that breast milk or formula be used as the primary source of nutrition for infants under one year of age.

Question 7

Cholesterol values at birth are similar in all populations and differences do not emerge until late adolescence.

Accepted Answer

Cholesterol levels at birth can vary among different populations due to genetic factors and the maternal environment, including the mother's diet and health status during pregnancy. Differences in cholesterol levels can be observed from early life, not just in late adolescence.

Question 8

The RDA for iron increases at age 12 for both males and females and then returns to preadolescent values in early adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The RDA for iron increases at age 12 for females due to menstruation, but for males, it increases primarily due to the growth spurt and peaks in adolescence/early adulthood, not returning to preadolescent values but stabilizing at a higher level compared to females in adulthood.

Question 9

Although there are very few supplemental nutrients recommended during infancy, the AAP does recommend a single dose of what nutrient at birth to prevent uncontrolled bleeding?

Accepted Answer

The AAP recommends a single dose of Vitamin K at birth to prevent uncontrolled bleeding. Infants are born with low levels of Vitamin K and are unable to produce it in adequate amounts until their gut bacteria develop, which can take several days. Vitamin K is essential for blood clotting and preventing bleeding, so a single dose at birth can prevent bleeding disorders in infants.

Question 10

What foods are most appropriate to introduce to an infant between 6 and 8 months of age, based on the feeding skills of this age?

Accepted Answer

At 6-8 months, infants have developed their ability to move their tongue and jaw and are ready for food with more texture. Textured vegetables and fruits (soft cooked or mashed) are appropriate at this age as they encourage chewing and developing oral motor skills. It is not recommended to introduce breads, cereals, meat or fish or casseroles at this age, as they are not appropriate for a baby's digestive and oral motor skills. Yogurt is appropriate but should be introduced as a separate food when the baby is ready.

Question 11

Breast milk provides all of the nutrition an infant needs for the first six months of life, with the possible exception of which nutrient?

Accepted Answer

Breast milk provides a sufficient amount of vitamin D for infants during the first six months of life. However, after six months, breastfed infants may require additional vitamin D supplementation, especially if they have limited exposure to sunlight.

Question 12

Teenage boys experience a more intense growth spurt and develop more lean body mass than girls do.

Accepted Answer

During puberty, teenage boys experience a surge in testosterone, which contributes to their growth spurt and the development of more lean body mass. Girls also experience growth during puberty, but their growth spurt is typically less intense and their bodies tend to develop more fat than lean mass.

Question 13

Bradley is an 8-month-old infant who has started eating complementary foods in addition to breastfeeding regularly. What foods should his mother feed him that will support his intake of zinc?

Accepted Answer

Chicken is a good food source of zinc, and is appropriate as a complementary food for an 8-month-old infant. Fruit juice, ice cream, and oranges do not contain significant amounts of zinc. Iron-fortified cereal is a good choice for iron, but not necessarily for zinc.

Question 14

A normal infant respiratory rate is between _____ breaths per minute.

Accepted Answer

A normal infant respiratory rate is between 20 and 40 breaths per minute.

Question 15

The way children eat influences their nutritional health during childhood, during their teen years, and for the rest of their lives.

Accepted Answer

The way children eat can have a significant impact on their nutritional health, not just in the short term but also throughout their lives. Developing healthy eating habits during childhood can help establish a foundation for a healthy diet in adolescence and adulthood. On the other hand, poor eating habits during childhood can increase the risk of chronic health conditions such as obesity, diabetes, and heart disease later in life.

Question 16

Which factor found in breast milk has been shown to offer protective benefits to the breastfeeding infant?

Accepted Answer

Lactoferrin found in breast milk has been shown to have antibacterial and immune enhancing properties, providing protective benefits to the breastfeeding infant.

Question 17

Infant formulas typically contain protective antibodies for infants.

Accepted Answer

Infant formulas do not contain protective antibodies. Breast milk provides antibodies from the mother to the infant, but formulas cannot replicate this immune benefit.

Question 18

The initial goal for overweight children is to reduce weight gain through diet restriction.

Accepted Answer

The initial goal for overweight children is often to maintain their current weight or slow the rate of weight gain while they grow taller, rather than losing weight through diet restriction. This approach helps ensure they get the necessary nutrients for normal growth and development.

Question 19

No RDA for total fat has been established, but the DRI committee recommends a fat intake of 10 to 15 percent of energy for children 1 to 3 years of age.

Accepted Answer

The DRI committee recommends a fat intake of 30 to 40 percent of energy for children 1 to 3 years of age, not 10 to 15 percent.

Question 20

Adult heart disease is a major pediatric problem.

Accepted Answer

Many risk factors for heart disease, such as obesity, physical inactivity, and poor diet, begin in childhood. By addressing these risk factors early on, there is potential to prevent or delay the development of heart disease in adulthood. Additionally, certain congenital heart defects or acquired heart conditions may also be present in childhood and require ongoing management into adulthood.

Quiz 11: Nutrition Through the Life Span: Infancy, Childhood, and Adolescence

The AAP supports exclusive breastfeeding for approximately six months but recognizes that infants are often developmentally ready to accept complementary foods between four and six months of age.

At the age of two, healthy children have attained approximately half of their adult height.

Not only do infants grow rapidly, but in proportion to body weight, their:

The main source of energy in an infant's diet is provided by what substance found in breast milk and formula?

What food is most likely introduced early when starting complementary foods because it is the least allergenic to an infant?

What best describes why cow's milk is not recommended for infants under one year of age?

Cholesterol values at birth are similar in all populations and differences do not emerge until late adolescence.

The RDA for iron increases at age 12 for both males and females and then returns to preadolescent values in early adulthood.

Although there are very few supplemental nutrients recommended during infancy, the AAP does recommend a single dose of what nutrient at birth to prevent uncontrolled bleeding?

What foods are most appropriate to introduce to an infant between 6 and 8 months of age, based on the feeding skills of this age?

Breast milk provides all of the nutrition an infant needs for the first six months of life, with the possible exception of which nutrient?

Teenage boys experience a more intense growth spurt and develop more lean body mass than girls do.

Bradley is an 8-month-old infant who has started eating complementary foods in addition to breastfeeding regularly. What foods should his mother feed him that will support his intake of zinc?

A normal infant respiratory rate is between _____ breaths per minute.

The way children eat influences their nutritional health during childhood, during their teen years, and for the rest of their lives.

Which factor found in breast milk has been shown to offer protective benefits to the breastfeeding infant?

Infant formulas typically contain protective antibodies for infants.

The initial goal for overweight children is to reduce weight gain through diet restriction.

No RDA for total fat has been established, but the DRI committee recommends a fat intake of 10 to 15 percent of energy for children 1 to 3 years of age.

Adult heart disease is a major pediatric problem.