Question 1

Many Americans enjoy turkey and pumpkin pie at Thanksgiving due to:
A) habit.
B) associations.
C) values.
D) emotional state.
E)  age.

Accepted Answer

Americans generally associate turkey and pumpkin pie with Thanksgiving as they have become traditional dishes associated with the holiday.

Question 2

Choose the ultra-processed food that should be eaten sparingly.
A) soft drinks, corn chips, and toaster pastries
B) oils, fats, flours, and refined starches
C) vegetables, legumes, fruit, seafood, eggs, and nuts
D) milk, yogurt, cheese, and eggs
E) fruit, meat, nuts, and fish

Accepted Answer

Soft drinks, corn chips, and toaster pastries are examples of ultra-processed foods that are high in added sugars, unhealthy fats, and refined grains. Consuming them regularly has been linked to increased risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, they should be eaten sparingly as part of a balanced diet.

Question 3

An excess intake of protein can never lead to becoming overweight.

Accepted Answer

Excess intake of protein can lead to weight gain and even obesity if the total calorie intake is higher than the amount needed for the body's daily energy needs. Consuming more protein than necessary can also lead to an increase in overall calorie intake because protein-rich foods often come with additional calories from fat and carbohydrates.

Question 4

Which of the following foods best exemplifies the Mediterranean culture?
A) soybeans, squid, rice, peanuts
B) tomatoes, olives, fish, mozzarella cheese
C) tortillas, corn, avocado, refried beans
D) black-eyed peas, biscuits, peaches, beef
E) rice, pineapple, chicken, chili peppers

Accepted Answer

The Mediterranean diet is characterized by a high consumption of fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, seafood, and olive oil. The food items listed in option B - tomatoes, olives, fish, and mozzarella cheese - are all commonly found in Mediterranean cuisine.

Question 5

Consuming nutrient-dense foods can help control your kcalorie intake.

Accepted Answer

Nutrient-dense foods are typically lower in calories and provide more nutrients per serving, which can help you feel fuller for longer and ultimately control your overall calorie intake.

Question 6

All of the following nutrients are organic EXCEPT:
A) vitamins.
B) fat.
C) protein.
D) minerals.
E) carbohydrates.

Accepted Answer

Minerals are inorganic nutrients, whereas vitamins, fat, protein, and carbohydrates are organic nutrients.

Question 7

Minerals and water are organic and yield energy in the human body.

Accepted Answer

Minerals and water are inorganic and do not yield energy in the human body. However, they are still essential for the functioning of the body's various systems. Energy is obtained through the breakdown of organic molecules like carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.

Question 8

The Dietary Reference Intakes reflect the collaborative efforts of scientists to produce a set of standards for the amount of energy, nutrients, and other dietary components that best support health.

Accepted Answer

The statement accurately reflects the purpose and development of the Dietary Reference Intakes.

Question 9

A carton of yogurt claims that it is fat free, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates the product contains 5 grams of fat per serving. This product can legally make this claim.

Accepted Answer

For a product to be labeled as "fat-free," it must contain less than 0.5 grams of fat per serving according to FDA regulations.

Question 10

A package of prunes states that the product is a good fiber source, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates the product contains 12% of the Daily Value for dietary fiber. This product can legally make this claim.

Accepted Answer

According to the FDA, a product can be labeled as a "good source" of fiber if it contains 10-19% of the Daily Value per serving. Since the prunes contain 12% of the Daily Value for fiber, the claim is legally allowed.

Question 11

To ensure that the vitamin and mineral recommendations meet the needs of as many people as possible, the recommendations are set near the top end of the range of the population's estimated average requirements.

Accepted Answer

This is true as the Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs) and Adequate Intakes (AIs) are set to cover the needs of 97-98% of the population for a given nutrient, which includes the estimated average requirements (EARs) plus an additional safety factor.

Question 12

Dietary Reference Intakes are values that are appropriate to use for planning and assessing diets for individuals and groups.

Accepted Answer

Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs) are a set of values established by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) that are used for planning and assessing diets for individuals and groups. They include recommended daily intake levels for nutrients such as vitamins, minerals, and macronutrients, as well as upper limits of safe intake for certain substances.

Question 13

Some nutritionists are registered dietitians, but others are self-described experts whose training is minimal or nonexistent.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. While some nutritionists may have the credentials of a registered dietitian, others may not have any formal training or qualifications, and may refer to themselves as experts or gurus in the field. It is important to be aware of the credentials and experience of anyone who offers nutrition advice or guidance.

Question 14

Orange juice fortified with calcium to help build strong bones is an example of a(n):
A) phytochemical.
B) structure-function claim .
C) nutrient claim .
D) h ealth claim .
E) ethnic food.

Accepted Answer

Orange juice fortified with calcium is making a structure-function claim, as it suggests that the added calcium helps build strong bones, which is a function of calcium in the body.

Question 15

A package of cookies claims that the cookies are low kcalorie, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates that each cookie provides 70 kcalories. This product can legally make this claim.

Accepted Answer

In the United States, for a food to be marketed as "low calorie," it must not exceed 40 calories per serving. Since each cookie provides 70 calories, it does not meet the criteria for a "low calorie" claim.

Question 16

You are at a friend's house and he offers to share a snack. You eat some even though you aren't hungry primarily because of:
A) emotional state.
B)  associations.
C) social interaction.
D) ethnic heritage.
E) availability.

Accepted Answer

The main reason for eating in this scenario is social interaction with the friend, rather than any other factor such as hunger or personal preferences.

Question 17

Which of the following statements about vitamins is true?
A) They are inorganic.
B) They facilitate the release of energy from the other three organic nutrients.
C) They are the medium in which all of the body's processes take place.
D) They provide energy to the body.
E) They are all non-essential nutrients.

Accepted Answer

Vitamins facilitate the release of energy from the other three organic nutrients (carbohydrates, proteins, and fats). They are organic substances, not inorganic, and they do not directly provide energy to the body. While some vitamins may be non-essential, not all vitamins are non-essential nutrients.

Question 18

Personal preference plays a significant part in the food choices of an individual. Widely shared preferences include:
A) a desire for sour tastes.
B) significant nutritional value.
C) tastes for salt and sugar.
D)  a craving for protein.
E)  avoidance of organic food.

Accepted Answer

Salt and sugar are commonly preferred tastes in many cultures, and can be found in a variety of foods. While nutritional value and protein are important factors in food choices, they may not be widely shared preferences. Avoidance of organic food is not a widely shared preference and may be a personal choice for some individuals. A desire for sour tastes may be a preference for some individuals, but may not be as widely shared as a preference for salt and sugar.

Question 19

Bioactive food components, or phytochemicals, may increase the risk of cancer.

Accepted Answer

Bioactive food components, or phytochemicals, are naturally occurring compounds in fruits, vegetables, grains, and other plant foods that have been found to contribute to health benefits, including reducing the risk of cancer.

Question 20

The kcalorie content of a food depends on how much it contains of each of the following:
A) carbohydrate, fat, and protein.
B) carbohydrate, fat, and minerals.
C) carbohydrate, fat, and vitamins.
D) protein, fat, and minerals.
E) fat, vitamins, and minerals.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate, fat, and protein are the macronutrients that provide energy and contribute to the overall calorie content of foods. Minerals and vitamins are micronutrients that do not necessarily provide calories.

Quiz 1: Overview of Nutrition and Health

Many Americans enjoy turkey and pumpkin pie at Thanksgiving due to:

Choose the ultra-processed food that should be eaten sparingly.

An excess intake of protein can never lead to becoming overweight.

Which of the following foods best exemplifies the Mediterranean culture?

Consuming nutrient-dense foods can help control your kcalorie intake.

All of the following nutrients are organic EXCEPT:

Minerals and water are organic and yield energy in the human body.

The Dietary Reference Intakes reflect the collaborative efforts of scientists to produce a set of standards for the amount of energy, nutrients, and other dietary components that best support health.

A carton of yogurt claims that it is fat free, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates the product contains 5 grams of fat per serving. This product can legally make this claim.

A package of prunes states that the product is a good fiber source, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates the product contains 12% of the Daily Value for dietary fiber. This product can legally make this claim.

To ensure that the vitamin and mineral recommendations meet the needs of as many people as possible, the recommendations are set near the top end of the range of the population's estimated average requirements.

Dietary Reference Intakes are values that are appropriate to use for planning and assessing diets for individuals and groups.

Some nutritionists are registered dietitians, but others are self-described experts whose training is minimal or nonexistent.

Orange juice fortified with calcium to help build strong bones is an example of a(n) :

A package of cookies claims that the cookies are low kcalorie, and the Nutrition Facts panel indicates that each cookie provides 70 kcalories. This product can legally make this claim.

You are at a friend's house and he offers to share a snack. You eat some even though you aren't hungry primarily because of:

Which of the following statements about vitamins is true?

Personal preference plays a significant part in the food choices of an individual. Widely shared preferences include:

Bioactive food components, or phytochemicals, may increase the risk of cancer.

The kcalorie content of a food depends on how much it contains of each of the following: