Question 1

The DSM-5 that is currently being used was published in

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5, which stands for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition, was published in 2013.

Question 2

The original DSM contained about 100 diagnoses with today's DSM-5 containing approximately

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5, which is the latest edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, contains approximately 350 diagnoses. This reflects the significant expansion and refinement of diagnostic categories since the original DSM was published.

Question 3

Kyo is 15 years old and lives in Japan. During the last 6 months, he has refused to leave his parents' home or go to school and spends most of his day sitting in his room reading, listening to music, or surfing the Internet. Recently, Kyo has refused to eat with the family, taking his plate back to his room to eat in front of the television. Kyo appears to be suffering from which culture-bound syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Hikikomori is a culture-bound syndrome originating in Japan, characterized by extreme social withdrawal, often involving staying inside one's home for months or years at a time, which aligns with Kyo's behavior.

Question 4

Descriptions of disorders in the DSM-5

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) bases its descriptions of disorders on empirical data and clinical observations, ensuring that diagnoses are grounded in scientific research and observed patterns of symptoms.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a recognized mental disorder and is no longer found in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual because it was believed to be too imprecise?

Accepted Answer

Neurosis was removed from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) because it was considered too imprecise. The other options listed are recognized mental disorders in the DSM.

Question 6

Which of the following does the text indicate as the reason that the term neurosis was dropped from later editions of the DSM ?

Accepted Answer

The term neurosis was dropped from later editions of the DSM because it was considered too imprecise a concept, making it difficult to apply consistently across different cases and contexts.

Question 7

Emotional misery increases and health care providers have more difficulty in diagnosing and treating a person when he or she suffers from more than one mental disorder at the same time, a condition known as

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of more than one disorder in the same person at the same time. This can make diagnosis and treatment more challenging because symptoms can overlap and affect each other.

Question 8

Which of the following was not a diagnosis in the original DSM , but, since its inclusion, has become one of the most widely diagnosed disorders among young boys and has prompted critics to decry the diagnosis as "pathologizing boyhood"?

Accepted Answer

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was not included in the original Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) but has since become one of the most commonly diagnosed disorders among young boys. Its prevalence and the nature of its symptoms have led some critics to argue that the diagnosis may pathologize normal aspects of boyhood behavior.

Question 9

Regarding mental disorders, comorbidity often develops when

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of more than one disorder in the same person. Often, a primary problem can lead to secondary problems, either as a direct consequence of the primary disorder or through the individual's coping mechanisms, which might be maladaptive and lead to additional disorders.

Question 10

In the DSM-5 , which now-outdated term was replaced by the diagnosis of gender dysphoria?

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 replaced the term "gender identity disorder" with "gender dysphoria" to focus more on the distress a person experiences due to their gender identity rather than the identity itself being considered a disorder.

Question 11

Ella has experienced a prolonged and deep depression. She turned to legal prescriptions to treat her problem and became addicted. In Ella's case, her primary disorder of depression was complicated with a secondary, substance use disorder, which illustrates

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of two or more disorders occurring in the same person. In Ella's case, her initial condition of depression (a primary disorder) is complicated by the development of a substance use disorder (a secondary disorder) due to her reliance on prescription medications for treatment, illustrating how comorbidity occurs.

Question 12

When a person suffers from more than one mental disorder at a time, the person is said to be

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of more than one disorder in the same person at the same time. This term is used across medical fields, including psychology and psychiatry, to describe the coexistence of multiple diagnoses or conditions.

Question 13

Since many people whose physical sex does not match their sexual identity are well-adjusted, the new diagnosis in the DSM-5 applies only to individuals who are deeply troubled by their gender variance. This new diagnostic term is

Accepted Answer

The DSM-5 replaced the term "gender identity disorder" with "gender dysphoria" to focus on the distress and impairment that some individuals experience due to a discrepancy between their experienced or expressed gender and their assigned gender, rather than treating the gender variance itself as a disorder.

Question 14

Regarding mental disorders, which of the following is likely to develop when a primary problem causes secondary problems?

Accepted Answer

Comorbidity refers to the presence of one or more additional conditions co-occurring with a primary condition; in the context of mental disorders, this can happen when a primary problem leads to the development of secondary problems.

Question 15

Which of the following categories include risk factors that contribute to psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

All the options listed (social conditions, family factors, and psychological factors) are recognized as contributing risk factors to psychopathology, making D the correct choice as it encompasses all the mentioned categories.

Question 16

Which of the following conditions do American psychologists Pamela Keel and Kelly Klump believe to be primarily a syndrome of Western cultures, such as the United States?

Accepted Answer

Keel and Klump argue that bulimia is primarily a syndrome of Western cultures, influenced by societal standards and pressures regarding body image and beauty, which are particularly pervasive in these societies.

Question 17

Afflictions such as amok and hikikomori are evidence that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Afflictions such as amok and hikikomori are...

Question 18

Which of the following is an outdated term that people use loosely to refer to problems involving excessive anxiety?

Accepted Answer

Neurosis is an outdated term that was once used to describe a range of psychological problems, including excessive anxiety. It is no longer officially used in psychiatric diagnosis but is still sometimes used informally or in historical contexts.

Question 19

Which of the following diagnoses had been considered a disorder in earlier editions of the DSM but was omitted as a diagnosis in 1974?

Accepted Answer

Homosexuality was considered a mental disorder in earlier editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) but was removed from the DSM in 1974, following significant activism from LGBTQ+ communities and changes in social attitudes and understanding of sexual orientation.

Question 20

Which of the following was NOT identified in the text as a risk factor that contributes to psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

Educational factors such as too little or too much schooling are not typically identified as direct risk factors for psychopathology in the same way that social conditions, family factors, and biological/organic factors are. These three are widely recognized in psychological literature as contributing to the development of mental health issues, whereas the impact of educational factors is more complex and not as directly linked to psychopathology.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders