Question 1

Regarding major depression and suicide attempts, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

People with major depression who attempt suicide often have a strong intent to succeed and may not give any prior warning, making it difficult to predict or prevent.

Question 2

In which of the following states do individuals tend to be loud, elated, hyperactive, and may exhibit grandiose schemes and behavior, may get arrested, spend all of their savings, or get involved in pleasure binges of drinking, taking drugs, or promiscuous sex?

Accepted Answer

Mania is characterized by a period of elevated, expansive, or irritable mood, where individuals may exhibit behaviors such as grandiosity, decreased need for sleep, talkativeness, racing thoughts, distractibility, increase in goal-directed activity, or excessive involvement in pleasurable activities that have a high potential for painful consequences (e.g., unrestrained spending sprees, sexual indiscretions, or foolish business investments).

Question 3

A bipolar II disorder is a mood disorder in which the person

Accepted Answer

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by a pattern of depressive episodes and at least one episode of hypomania, without the full-blown manic episodes that are seen in Bipolar I disorder.

Question 4

Fiona has been mild to moderately depressed most of the time for at least two years. Although she is fatigued much of the time and does not take much interest in past pleasures, Fiona has not had any psychotic episodes nor experienced any mania. Fiona would most likely be diagnosed with a __________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Fiona's symptoms align with Persistent Depressive Disorder (PDD), previously known as dysthymia. This condition is characterized by a chronic state of depression lasting for at least two years in adults, without the occurrence of manic or psychotic episodes, which distinguishes it from bipolar disorder and major depressive disorder that might have more acute or severe episodes.

Question 5

Although people with bipolar II disorder are usually sad and guilt-ridden, they do exhibit an occasional episode in which they are excessively cheerful, aggressive, or irritable. They may brag, talk too fast, interrupt conversations, or spend too much money, and usually irritate everyone around them. These episodes involve

Accepted Answer

Hypomania is characterized by a distinct period of persistently elevated, expansive, or irritable mood and increased activity or energy, which is less severe than full-blown mania and does not cause the marked impairment in social or occupational functioning that mania does. The symptoms described, such as being excessively cheerful, aggressive, or irritable, talking too fast, interrupting conversations, and spending too much money, align with those of a hypomanic episode.

Question 6

A persistent depressive disorder is sometimes referred to as

Accepted Answer

Persistent depressive disorder is also known as dysthymia. It is characterized by a long-term (two years or longer) depressed mood that is not as severe as major depressive disorder.

Question 7

Which of the following is most characteristic of bipolar II disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar II disorder is characterized by periods of depression and at least one episode of hypomania, which is a less severe form of mania.

Question 8

Maria has been experiencing upsetting emotional ups and downs for many months. Although these "ups and downs" have not been intense, they have been disruptive for both her and her family. Maria most likely has

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by chronic, fluctuating mood disturbances involving numerous periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms. These symptoms are less severe than those required for bipolar I or II disorder, fitting Maria's experience of not having intense but disruptive emotional ups and downs.

Question 9

Bruce frequently throws himself into a whirlwind of activity marked by extreme distractibility, rapid shifts and thoughts, constant talking, and restless movement. His behavior at times could also be described as a deep depression. Bruce is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

Bruce's symptoms align with bipolar I disorder, characterized by manic episodes (extreme distractibility, rapid shifts in thoughts, constant talking, restless movement) and periods of depression.

Question 10

Which of the following is most characteristic of a bipolar I disorder?

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by episodes of extreme mania and deep depression. These mood swings are more severe than those seen in other forms of bipolar disorder, such as bipolar II, which involves hypomania (a less severe form of mania) and depression.

Question 11

Lacey has been bullied at school and on the Internet social networks for the last year. She is feeling worthless and hopeless, has a negative self-image, and recently has been having thoughts of suicide. Lacey is suffering from a

Accepted Answer

Lacey's symptoms, including feeling worthless and hopeless, having a negative self-image, and experiencing thoughts of suicide, are indicative of a depressive disorder. Cyclothymic disorder involves mood swings but not necessarily the depth of depression described. Dissociative identity disorder involves the presence of two or more distinct personality states, and conversion reaction (now more commonly referred to as functional neurological symptom disorder) involves neurological symptoms without a neurological cause, neither of which matches Lacey's symptoms.

Question 12

Hypomania is the term that refers to __________ manic episodes.

Accepted Answer

Hypomania refers to mild manic episodes, characterized by elevated mood, increased activity or energy levels, but not severe enough to cause significant impairment in social or occupational functioning or to necessitate hospitalization, distinguishing it from full-blown mania.

Question 13

Regarding major depressive disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia, now known as Persistent Depressive Disorder, is a milder, but chronic form of depression, distinct from Major Depressive Disorder.

Question 14

For the last several years, everything has looked bleak and hopeless to Felisa. She feels like a failure at work and a failure as a wife and mother. Recently she has stopped going to work, has become extremely withdrawn from her family, spends most of her time in bed, and has been having frequent suicidal thoughts. Felisa would most likely be diagnosed with a __________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Felisa's symptoms, including feeling hopeless, viewing herself as a failure, withdrawing socially, spending excessive time in bed, and having suicidal thoughts, are indicative of major depressive disorder. These symptoms are more severe and acute than those typically associated with persistent depressive disorder (which is more chronic but less severe) and do not fit the patterns of cyclothymic disorder (characterized by alternating periods of mild depression and hypomania) or neurocognitive disorders (which primarily involve cognitive decline).

Question 15

People go both "up" and "down" emotionally when they are experiencing

Accepted Answer

Bipolar and related disorders are characterized by significant fluctuations in mood, where individuals experience both manic (or hypomanic) episodes and depressive episodes, thus going "up" and "down" emotionally.

Question 16

For at least the last two years, Sara has been experiencing mild to moderate depression, which alternates with periods of her being cheerful and expansive, but also somewhat irritable. Although Sara is able to work and take care of her family, she and her family are both concerned about these emotional "ups" and "downs." Sara would most likely be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by periods of mild to moderate depression alternating with periods of hypomanic symptoms (cheerful and expansive mood, but also somewhat irritable), which Sara is experiencing. Unlike bipolar I disorder, the symptoms are less severe and do not fully meet the criteria for major depressive or manic episodes.

Question 17

A cyclothymic disorder is a mood disorder in which the person

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by periods of hypomanic symptoms as well as periods of depressive symptoms that are not severe enough to qualify as major depressive episodes. These symptoms persist for at least 2 years in adults, indicating a chronic condition that involves moderate fluctuations in mood.

Question 18

If mild to moderate depression alternates with periods when a person's mood is elevated, expansive, or irritable, the disorder is called

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by periods of mild to moderate depression alternating with periods of elevated, expansive, or irritable moods.

Question 19

Persons who suffer from a bipolar I disorder tend to show

Accepted Answer

Bipolar I disorder is characterized by episodes of extreme mood states: manic episodes (which can include hyperactivity, agitation, and elevated mood) and depressive episodes (which involve feelings of deep sadness or hopelessness). This makes option A the correct description of bipolar I disorder.

Question 20

Calvin has been on a "pleasure binge" for the last three days. He has cleaned out his bank account spending the money on anything that gains his attention. He would be described as loud, elated, and hyperactive. A week ago he was feeling like a failure and was withdrawn and unhappy. Calvin would most likely be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Calvin's symptoms suggest bipolar disorder, characterized by mood swings from depressive lows to manic highs. His recent behavior indicates a manic episode, while his feelings a week ago suggest a depressive episode.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders