Question 1

Which of the following is classified in the DSM-5 as a depressive disorder?

Accepted Answer

Dysthymia, now known as Persistent Depressive Disorder in the DSM-5, is classified as a depressive disorder. It is characterized by a chronic form of depression that lasts for at least two years in adults or one year in children and adolescents.

Question 2

The atrophy of brain areas in people with schizophrenia may be due to the

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is associated with reduced neurogenesis, which can lead to atrophy of brain areas due to the lack of new neuron formation and maintenance.

Question 3

The CT scans of the brains of young individuals suffering from schizophrenia show their brains to have

Accepted Answer

CT scans of young individuals with schizophrenia often show wider than normal surface fissures, which is indicative of structural brain abnormalities associated with the disorder.

Question 4

In the most severe cases of depression and\or mania, the person may

Accepted Answer

In the most severe cases of depression or mania, individuals may display psychotic symptoms, such as hallucinations or delusions, which are not typically associated with neurodevelopmental disorders, conversion reactions, or Munchausen syndrome.

Question 5

After failing to receive an expected job promotion, Joe has been in a continuous state of exaggerated sadness for several months. His self-image is very negative, and he has lost all interest in others. He is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

Joe's symptoms, including prolonged sadness, negative self-image, and loss of interest in others, align with the characteristics of a depressive disorder. These symptoms are indicative of depression rather than an existential crisis, paradoxical anxiety, or a dissociative fugue.

Question 6

Which model attributes psychosis to a combination of environmental stress and a genetic susceptibility to the condition?

Accepted Answer

The stress-vulnerability model attributes psychosis to a combination of environmental stress and a genetic susceptibility, suggesting that individuals have varying levels of vulnerability to psychosis, which can be triggered or exacerbated by stressful life events.

Question 7

Which of the following is part of the DSM-5 category called bipolar and related disorders?

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is part of the bipolar and related disorders category in the DSM-5. It is characterized by chronic, fluctuating mood disturbances involving periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms.

Question 8

In view of current research, which of the following is the best summary statement concerning the cause of schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

Current research supports the understanding that schizophrenia is a complex condition influenced by both genetic predispositions and environmental factors, leading to alterations in brain chemistry.

Question 9

Using PET scans, researchers found the activity level in bipolar (manic-depressive)brains to be

Accepted Answer

PET scans show that bipolar brains have high activity in the right hemisphere and low activity in the left hemisphere.

Question 10

When sadness and despondency are exaggerated, prolonged, and unreasonable and an extremely negative self-image prevails, the person most likely is suffering from a __________ disorder.

Accepted Answer

Depressive disorders are characterized by exaggerated, prolonged, and unreasonable sadness and despondency, along with an extremely negative self-image. These symptoms align with the description provided.

Question 11

Research has shown that the right combination of inherited potential and environmental stress may produce mind-altering changes in the brain. These changes may cause psychotic behavior and various forms of psychopathology. This is called the __________ model.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is the stress-vulnerability model, which suggests that individuals have varying levels of vulnerability (due to genetic or early developmental factors) to developing psychiatric disorders, and that stressors in the environment can trigger the onset of these disorders in vulnerable individuals.

Question 12

CT scans and MRI scans both suggest that the brains of schizophrenics have shrunk, which may be due to the schizophrenic brain

Accepted Answer

The answer of CT scans and MRI scans both suggest...

Question 13

In any given year, what percent of the U.S. population suffers from a mood disorder?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 9.5 percent of the U.S. population suffers from a diagnosable mood disorder in any given year. This includes conditions such as depression and bipolar disorder, which affect a significant portion of the population.

Question 14

Regarding the stress-vulnerability model, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The stress-vulnerability model is not limited to schizophrenia; it applies to a range of psychopathologies, including depression and anxiety, suggesting that both genetic vulnerabilities and environmental stresses contribute to the development of various mental health disorders.

Question 15

Brain researchers have found wider surface fissures, enlarged ventricles, and atrophy of the brain areas for regulating motivation, emotion, attention, actions, and perception in persons suffering from

Accepted Answer

Schizophrenia is associated with structural brain abnormalities, including wider surface fissures, enlarged ventricles, and atrophy in areas responsible for regulating motivation, emotion, attention, actions, and perception. These findings are less consistently observed or are not characteristic of the other disorders listed.

Question 16

Regarding mood disorders, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The two general types of mood disorders are actually major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, not somatic symptom depression and agitated depression. Somatic symptom disorder involves having a significant focus on physical symptoms, such as pain or fatigue, that causes major emotional distress and problems functioning, which is different from mood disorders. Agitated depression is a term that might describe a specific presentation of depression, but it is not classified as a general type of mood disorder.

Question 17

Major disturbances in emotion, such as depression or mania, are classified as __________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Major disturbances in emotion, such as depression or mania, are classified as mood disorders. These include conditions like major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder, where the primary symptoms involve significant changes in mood.

Question 18

Regarding the schizophrenic brain, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

CT scans of schizophrenic brains typically show enlarged ventricles and reduced tissue volume, not tightly packed narrow surface fissuring. This statement is false in the context of common findings in schizophrenia imaging studies.

Question 19

Two general types of mood disorders are __________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

Depressive and bipolar disorders are the two general types of mood disorders, with depressive disorders involving persistent feelings of sadness and loss of interest, and bipolar disorders involving extreme mood swings, including emotional highs (mania or hypomania) and lows (depression).

Question 20

MRI scans of the schizophrenic brain tend to show

Accepted Answer

Enlarged ventricles are a common finding in MRI scans of the schizophrenic brain, indicating changes in brain structure associated with the disorder.

Quiz 14: Psychological Disorders