Quiz 13: Chemical Reactions

One product of photosynthesis is A) hydrogen. B) oxygen. C) carbon dioxide. D) methane.

One reactant of photosynthesis is A) hydrogen. B) oxygen. C) carbon dioxide. D) methane.

Which one of the following is not a physical property of matter? A) Specific heat B) Boiling point C) Density D) Flammability

Which one of the following is a physical change? A) Rusting of iron B) Fermenting of grape juice C) Souring of milk D) Sharpening a pencil

The process of melting lead is an example of A) a physical change. B) a chemical change. C) a physical property. D) a chemical property.

Which of the following is an example of a chemical property? A) Al has a density of 2.70 g/cm³. B) Diamond is the hardest substance known. C) Limestone will yield CO₂ when heated. D) CO₂ will freeze at -78°C.

Which of the following is a chemical change? A) Dry ice subliming B) Limestone being crushed to powder C) Paper being shredded D) Sulfur burning

Which of the following does not take place in a chemical reaction? A) New substances are formed. B) Neutrons are released. C) Energy is released or absorbed. D) Reactants disappear.

A chemical reaction is at equilibrium when A) no reactants are changing to products. B) the forward and reverse reactions proceed at the same rate. C) the total mass has become constant. D) the temperature is no longer changing.

The substances that are formed by a chemical reaction are called the A) products. B) reactants. C) chemicals. D) precipitates.

The substances that are diminished in a chemical reaction are called the A) products. B) reactants. C) chemicals. D) precipitates.

A chemical reaction generally has a great effect on an atom's A) nuclear structure. B) mass. C) nuclear binding energy. D) electron configuration.

A chemical reaction is balanced by applying all except which of the following principles? A) No atoms are gained, lost, or changed in identity. B) Only the numbers preceding formulas can be changed. C) The set of smallest whole numbers should be used. D) Subscripts in the formulas may be changed if necessary.

A balanced chemical equation will have the same ______________ on each side. A) number of moles B) number of molecules C) mass of each compound D) number of atoms of each element

The equation 1/2 N₂ + 3/2 H₂→ NH₃ is not appropriately written because A) the number of atoms of each element on each side is not the same. B) fractional coefficients are not generally used. C) nitrogen is not diatomic. D) the product is N₂H₄, not NH₃.

The equation 4H₂O₂ → 4H₂O + 2O₂ is not appropriately written because A) oxygen is not diatomic. B) fractional coefficients are not generally used. C) the number of atoms of each element on each side is not the same. D) the simplest set of coefficients has not been used.

The equation 1H₂SO₄ → 1H₂O + 4O₂ is not appropriately written because A) oxygen is not diatomic. B) fractional coefficients are not generally used. C) the number of atoms of each element on each side is not the same. D) the simplest set of coefficients has not been used.

The equation H₂O₂ → H₂O + O is not correctly written because A) the number of atoms of each element on each side is not the same. B) the mass indicated on each side is not the same. C) oxygen is diatomic. D) hydrogen peroxide decomposes to H₂O and H.

When the equation NH₄NO₃→ N₂O + H₂O is balanced, the total of all the coefficients (both written and "understood") is A) 3. B) 4. C) 7. D) 8.

When the equation NH₄NO₃→ N₂O + H₂O is balanced, the coefficient of H₂O is A) 3. B) 4. C) 2. D) 1.

When the equation NH₄NO₃→ N₂O + H₂O is balanced, the coefficient of N₂O is A) 3. B) 4. C) 2. D) 1.

When the equation Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S is balanced, the total of all the coefficients (both written and "understood") is A) 10. B) 14. C) 9. D) 12.

When the equation Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S is balanced, the coefficient of HCl is A) 1. B) 6. C) 2. D) 4.

When the equation Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S is balanced, the coefficient of H₂S is A) 3. B) 1. C) 2. D) 4.

When the equation Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S is balanced, the coefficient of SbCl₃ is A) 3. B) 1. C) 2. D) 4.

When the equation Al + O₂→ Al₂O₃ is balanced, the coefficient of Al is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

When the equation Al + O₂→ Al₂O₃ is balanced, the coefficient of O₂ is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

When the equation Al + O₂→ Al₂O₃ is balanced, the coefficient of Al₂O₃ is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

The coefficients needed to balance the reaction Sb₂S₃ + HCl → SbCl₃ + H₂S are, respectively, A) 1, 2, 1, and 1. B) 2, 1, 3, and 1. C) 1, 2, 1, and 3. D) 1, 6, 2, and 3. E) 1, 1, 1, and 1.

Which type of reaction is 4Al + 3O₂→ 2Al₂O₃? A) Decomposition B) Combination C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

Which type of reaction is 2Cu(NO₃)₂→ 2CuO + 4NO₂ + O₂? A) Single-replacement B) Double-replacement C) Combination D) Decomposition

What basic type of reaction is illustrated by the general equation AB → A + B? A) Combination B) Decomposition C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

What basic type of reaction is illustrated by the general equation A + B → AB? A) Combination B) Decomposition C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

What basic type of reaction is illustrated by the general equation A + BC → B + AC? A) Combination B) Decomposition C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

What basic type of reaction is illustrated by the general equation AB + CD → AD + BC? A) Combination B) Decomposition C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

In general, slow reactions A) are exothermic. B) are endothermic. C) have low activation energies. D) have high activation energies.

In general, fast reactions A) are exothermic. B) are endothermic. C) have low activation energies. D) have high activation energies.

When a hydrocarbon or carbon-hydrogen-oxygen compound is burned completely, the products are A) CO₂ and H₂O. B) CH₂ and O₂. C) CO and H₂. D) C and H₂.

The energy necessary to start a chemical reaction is called the ______________ energy. A) exothermic B) activation C) endothermic D) combustion

When there is a net absorption of energy in a chemical reaction, it is called a(n) ______________ reaction. A) exothermic B) activation C) endothermic D) combustion

When there is a net release of energy in a chemical reaction, it is called a(n) ______________ reaction. A) exothermic B) activation C) endothermic D) combustion

The coefficients needed to balance the equation Ga + Br₂ → GaBr₃ are, respectively, A) 4, 3, and 2. B) 2, 3, and 2. C) 1, 3, and 2. D) 2, 1, and 2.

When the equation Ga + Br₂ → GaBr₃ is balanced, the total of all the coefficients (both written and "understood") is A) 4. B) 3. C) 6. D) 7.

A substance that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is not consumed in the reaction is called A) an oxidizing agent. B) a catalyst. C) an activation agent. D) a reducing agent.

Increased reactant concentration usually leads to an increase in reaction rate, because collisions are A) more violent only. B) more frequent only. C) both more violent and more frequent. D) none of these

Increased temperature usually leads to an increase in reaction rate because collisions are A) more violent only. B) more frequent only. C) both more violent and more frequent. D) none of these

When carbon combines with oxygen, energy is released to the surroundings. Thus this reaction A) is an acid-base reaction. B) is endothermic. C) never reaches equilibrium. D) is exothermic.

For an exothermic reaction, the energy barrier is ______________ on the reactant side than on the product side. A) smaller B) not different in size C) greater

For an endothermic reaction, the energy barrier is ______________ on the reactant side than on the product side. A) greater B) not different in size C) smaller

The rate of a chemical reaction would be decreased by A) stirring the reactants. B) increasing the concentration of the reactants. C) adding a catalyst to the reactants. D) cooling the reactants.

The rate of a chemical reaction would be increased by A) increasing the surface area of the reactants. B) increasing the concentration of the reactants. C) adding a catalyst to the reactants. D) heating the reactants. E) all of the above.

What type of reaction gives CO₂ and H₂O as the only products? A) Complete hydrocarbon combustion B) Acid-base reaction C) Acid-carbonate reaction D) Single-replacement, with an acid and an active metal

A solution with a pH of 1 is A) strongly acidic. B) weakly basic. C) strongly basic. D) weakly acidic.

A solution with a pH of 6 is A) strongly acidic. B) weakly basic. C) strongly basic. D) weakly acidic.

A solution with a pH of 8 is A) strongly acidic. B) weakly basic. C) strongly basic. D) weakly acidic.

A solution with a pH of 14 is A) strongly acidic. B) weakly basic. C) strongly basic. D) weakly acidic.

Which of the following is not a property of an aqueous solution of an acid? A) Reacts with many metals to liberate hydrogen gas B) Changes the color of litmus dye from red to blue C) Tastes sour D) Conducts an electric current

Which answer is incorrect? A base is a substance that, when dissolved in water, A) reacts with an acid to neutralize its properties. B) reacts with many metals to liberate O₂. C) changes the color of litmus dye from red to blue. D) conducts electricity.

An acid added to a base will produce a A) salt and hydrogen ions. B) salt and hydroxide ions. C) salt and water. D) stronger acid and base.

A compound that contains water molecules as part of its formula is called A) a hydrate. B) an anhydride. C) a hydride. D) a hydroxide.

Acids give what ions in aqueous solutions? A) SO₄^2- B) Cl^- C) OH^- D) H⁺

An ionic compound composed of a cation other than H⁺ and an anion other than OH^- is called a(n) A) salt. B) precipitate. C) conjugate base. D) electrolyte.

Which acid is present in vinegar? A) HCl B) H₃PO₄ C) H₂SO₄ D) HC₂H₃O₂

Which of the following compounds would you expect to be soluble in water? A) PbCO₃ B) Ag₂CO₃ C) CuCO₃ D) K₂CO₃

Which of the following compounds would not precipitate from an aqueous solution during a double-replacement reaction? A) Cu(NO₃)₂ B) CuCO₃ C) AgCl D) AlPO₄

In the reaction between HCl and Na₂CO₃, which gas is formed? A) H₂ B) CH₄ C) CO₂ D) O₂

Which of the following is a weak acid? A) Hydrochloric acid B) Nitric acid C) Sulfuric acid D) Acetic acid

Which of the following is a strong acid? A) Citric acid B) Nitric acid C) Phosphoric acid D) Acetic acid

A weak acid is one that does not A) taste very sour. B) ionize appreciably in water. C) form hydrogen gas when a metal is dropped in. D) neutralize OH^- ions.

Which of the following is a weak base? A) NH₃ B) NaOH C) KOH D) Ca(OH)₂

Water solutions of which of the following are basic? A) Soft drinks B) Baking soda C) Lemonade D) Vinegar

Which type of reaction is AlCl₃ + 3KOH → Al(OH)₃ + 3KCl? A) Single-replacement B) Double-replacement C) Decomposition D) Combination

The compound Mg(OH)₂ is commonly known as A) Epsom salt. B) Alka-Seltzer. C) smelling salts. D) milk of magnesia.

What is the identity of stomach acid? A) HC₂H₃O₂ B) H₂CO₃ C) HCl D) H₃PO₄

Which type of reaction is Zn + 2HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂? A) Decomposition B) Combination C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

Which type of reaction is 2Fe₂O₃+ 3C→ 4Fe+ 3CO₂? A) Decomposition B) Combination C) Double-replacement D) Single-replacement

Hydrogen gas would be a product of the reaction of A) vinegar and baking soda. B) iron and hydrochloric acid. C) oxygen and methane. D) HCl and NaOH.

All but the most inactive metals react with acids to give A) hydrogen and the metal salt. B) hydrogen and the metal hydroxide. C) hydrogen and the metal oxide. D) oxygen and the metal hydride.

By definition, the loss of electrons by an atom or ion is called A) neutralization. B) reduction. C) oxidation. D) displacement.

By definition, the removal of oxygen from a compound is called A) neutralization. B) reduction. C) oxidation. D) displacement.

By definition, the addition of oxygen to a substance is called A) neutralization. B) reduction. C) oxidation. D) displacement.

By definition, the gain of electrons by an atom or ion is called A) neutralization. B) reduction. C) oxidation. D) displacement.

In order, from top to bottom, in the activity series come K, Zn, Pb, H, Cu, and Au. Therefore, A) adding Pb to ZnCl₂ will release Zn. B) adding Cu to HCl will release hydrogen. C) adding Au to HCl will release hydrogen. D) adding Cu to AuCl₃ will release Au.

In order, from top to bottom, in the activity series come Li, K, Ba, Na, Al, Zn, Sn, and Pb. Therefore, A) tin is more active than lead. B) zinc is more active than aluminum. C) potassium is more active than lithium. D) sodium is more active than barium.

In the activity series, Zn is more active than Pb. This means that A) Zn is a better catalyst than Pb. B) Zn loses its electrons more easily than Pb. C) Pb is more readily oxidized than Zn. D) none of these

In the reaction 2Al + 3F₂→ 2AlF₃, the aluminum A) is reduced. B) gains electrons. C) is oxidized. D) is the catalyst.

In the reaction 2Al + 3F₂→ 2AlF₃, the fluorine A) is reduced. B) loses electrons. C) is oxidized. D) is the catalyst.

Avogadro's number has a numerical value of A) 6.02 × 10²³. B) 1.00 × 10²³. C) 3.01 × 10²³. D) none of these.

How many moles would 44 g of carbon dioxide, CO₂, be? A) 3.0 B) 2.0 C) 1.0 D) None of these

How many atoms of oxygen are contained in 44 g of carbon dioxide, CO₂? A) 3.01 × 10²³ B) 12.0 × 10²³ C) 6.02 × 10²³ D) None of these

How many molecules are in 1.00 mol of sulfur dioxide, SO₂? A) 64.1 B) 64.1 × 6.02 × 10²³ C) 12.0 × 10²³ D) 6.02 × 10²³

How many atoms of oxygen are in 1.00 mol of sulfur dioxide, SO₂? A) 64.1 B) 64.1 × 6.02 × 10²³ C) 12.0 × 10²³ D) 6.02 × 10²³

How many atoms are in 1.00 mol of Mg? A) 24.3 B) 6.02 × 10²³ C) 24.3 × 6.02 × 10²³ D) 24.3 × 10²³

How many moles of He would 3.01 × 10²³ helium atoms be? A) 2.00 B) 4.00 C) 0.50 D) 1.00 E) None of these

Reacting an acid with a base gives water and A) a carbonate. B) ammonia. C) carbon dioxide. D) a salt.

When solutions of AgNO₃ and CaCl₂ are mixed, which type of reaction is likely? A) Combination B) Double-replacement C) Decomposition D) Single-replacement

Which scientist first postulated the existence of ions? A) Lewis B) Dalton C) Arrhenius D) Berzelius

______________ properties are those that do not describe the chemical reactivity of the substance.

Changes that do not alter the chemical composition of a substance are called ______________ changes.

Changes that alter the chemical composition of a substance are known as ______________ changes.

The original substances in a chemical reaction are called the ______________.

The substances formed in a chemical reaction are called the ______________.

6.02 × 10²³ is known as ______________.

When the forward and reverse reactions are proceeding at the same rate, the reaction is said to have reached ______________.

In chemical equations, numbers placed before formulas are known as ______________.

When the equation H₂O + NO₂ → NO + HNO₃ is balanced, the sum of all the coefficients (both written and "understood") is ______________.

When the equation Ca + H₃PO₄→ Ca₃(PO₄)₂ + H₂ is balanced, the sum of all the coefficients (both written and "understood") is ______________.

One mole of aluminum consists of ______________ aluminum atoms.

Most ______________ do their jobs by decreasing the activation energy for a reaction.

A reaction in which a substance reacts with oxygen, bursts into flame, and forms an oxide is called a(n) ______________ reaction.

A substance that speeds up a chemical reaction but is not consumed is a(n) ______________.

When energy is released in a chemical reaction, the reaction is called a(n) ______________ reaction.

The human body contains thousands of catalysts called ______________.

The formula for the hydronium ion is ______________.

When aqueous solutions of Na₂CO₃ and BaCl₂ are mixed, the products are NaCl and ______________.

An ionic compound formed from a cation other than H⁺ and an anion other than OH^- is called a(n) ______________.

According to the Arrhenius theory, basic properties are caused by ______________ ions.

The H₃O⁺ ion is called the ______________ ion.

If two clear solutions are mixed and solid particles form, the particles are called a(n) ______________.

The definitions of an acid and a base as substances that give H⁺ and OH^- ions, respectively, in water were proposed by the chemist named ______________.

When an acid reacts with a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, the products are water, ______________, and a salt.

When an acid reacts with a base, the products are ______________ and a salt.

A reaction will occur when a piece of Mg is placed in aqueous Zn(NO₃)₂ if Mg is ______________ Zn in the activity series.

When an element is oxidized, it ______________ electrons.

The loss of oxygen or gain of electrons by an atom or ion is called ______________.

When an atom or ion gives up electrons, it is said to be ______________.

A solution of pH 5 is ______________ times as acidic as a solution of pH 6.

A solution with pH greater than 7 is classified as a(n) ______________.

A neutral aqueous solution has a pH of ______________.

The reaction Fe + CuSO₄ → Cu + FeSO₄ is a(n) ______________-replacement reaction.

The molarity of a solution is the number of moles of solute per liter of ______________.

The number of moles of solute per liter of solution is called the ______________ of the solution.

When an acid reacts with a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, the products are ______________, carbon dioxide, and a salt.

When an acid reacts with a carbonate or hydrogen carbonate, the products are water, carbon dioxide, and ______________.

Balance the chemical equation: NO₂ + H₂O → HNO₃ + NO

Balance the chemical equation: Al₂S₃+ H₂O → Al(OH)₃ + H₂S

Balance the chemical equation: Cu + Al₂O₃ → CuO + Al

Balance the chemical equation: PCl₅ + H₂O → H₃PO₄ + HCl

​Balance the chemical equation: Bi2S3+ O2 → Bi2O3 + SO2

Each of the following general equations illustrates what basic type of chemical reaction? a. AB + CD → AD + CB ______________ b. A + B → AB ______________ c. A + BC → AC + B ______________ d. AB → A + B ______________

Name four factors that influence the rate of chemical reactions.

Write the balanced chemical equation for the complete combustion of pentane, C₅H₁₂.

Complete and balance the equation: Ba(NO₃)₂(aq) + K₂CO₃(aq) → ______________________

Complete and balance the following equations: a. HNO₃ + Ba(OH)₂ → ____________________. b. H₃PO₄ + CaCO₃ → _____________________.

Complete and balance the equation: Mg + HC₂H₃O₂ → _____________________

Complete and balance the equation: Al + HCl → ____________________

Complete and balance the equation: Zn + AgNO₃(aq) → ____________________

State which element is oxidized and which is reduced in the reaction Fe + Cl₂→ FeCl_2.

State which element is oxidized and which is reduced in the reaction Al + 3F₂ → 2AlF_3.

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 2 mol of solute in 4 L of solution?