Quiz 20: Atmospheric Effects

When air is cooled below its dew point without condensation, it is said to be A) wet. B) dry. C) supersaturated. D) unsaturated.

In the Bergeron process, condensation occurs on A) ice crystals. B) dust. C) carbon dioxide. D) oxygen.

The process by which raindrops are formed by the collision of droplets is called A) the Bergeron process. B) fusion. C) fission. D) coalescence.

An air mass derives its characteristics from its A) temperature. B) surroundings. C) location. D) source region.

An air mass forming over the Gulf of Mexico would be classified as A) mE. B) mT. C) aP. D) cE.

The boundary between two air masses is called a A) division. B) border. C) front. D) storm.

Lightning between a cloud and the surrounding air is called A) air discharges. B) cloud discharges. C) ground discharges. D) intracloud discharges.

An usually results in A) more rainfall for South America. B) warmer water in the western Pacific. C) less rainfall for Australia. D) all of the above. E) none of the above.

Rain that freezes on striking a cold surface gives rise to a(n) ______________ storm. A) hail B) rain C) ice D) snow

Rain drops that freeze prior to striking the warm ground is a(n) ______________ storm. A) hail B) rain C) ice D) snow

A tornado ______________ is issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated on radar. A) warning B) notice C) advisory D) ticket

Conditions opposite to those of El Niño conditions are called A) La Niña. B) La Niño. C) El Niña. D) Anti-Niño.

The low-pressure center of a hurricane is called the A) eye. B) vortex. C) lid. D) cap.

Hurricanes derive their energy from A) latent heat. B) hot air. C) cold water. D) wind.

Hurricanes gain strength when over A) warm water. B) hot air. C) cold water. D) wind.

A hurricane, in other parts of the world, is also known as A) a cyclone. B) a willy-willy. C) a typhoon. D) all of the above.

The dome of water associated with a hurricane making landfall is called a A) storm surge. B) tide. C) tidal wave. D) flood.

When at home during a tornado warning, you should seek shelter in ______________ of the building. A) the basement or lowest central level B) the attic C) a doorway D) the garage

Snowstorms accompanied by high winds and low temperatures are called A) blizzards. B) ice storms. C) hail storms. D) tornados.

Lightning that illuminates clouds with flickering flashes is called A) heat lightning. B) flash lightning. C) ball lightning. D) bolt lightning.

Coal, gas, and oil are ______________ fuels. A) fossil B) renewable C) human-made D) infinite

A high-pressure air mass that moves over a region and becomes stationary may give rise to A) a pressure inversion only. B) a radiation inversion only. C) a subsidence inversion only D) all of the above

A natural agent of chemical weathering that is enhanced by CO₂ pollution is A) sulfur dioxide, SO₂. B) carbon monoxide, CO. C) ozone, O₃. D) carbonic acid, H₂CO₃.

Air pollution results from ______________ combustion of impure fuels. A) incomplete B) complete C) overheated D) none of the above

Smog is a mixture of smoke and A) fog. B) CO_2. C) O_2. D) CO.

A class of pollutants formed at high temperatures (nearly complete combustion) in the presence of air is A) sulfur oxides. B) carbon oxides. C) iron oxides. D) nitrogen oxides.

A common fuel impurity in fossil fuels is A) sulfur. B) radon. C) carbon. D) hydrogen.

The type of smog that forms in Los Angeles is called ______________ smog. A) photochemical B) exhaust C) biochemical D) exhaugenic

How good or bad (in terms of pollution) the air is, is rated by a color-coded ________ Index. A) Irritant B) Pollution C) Air Quality D) Pollen

In the amended Montreal Protocol, many nations agreed to phase out, by the year 2000, A) trash burning. B) hydrocarbons. C) gasoline automobiles. D) CFCs.

The component in CFCs that is responsible for destroying ozone is A) chlorine. B) oxygen. C) carbon. D) none of the above.

Albedo changes may result from ______________ pollution. A) smog B) particulate C) gas D) noise

During the approach of a severe thunderstorm, workers on a project see lightning and then hear the resulting thunder 55 s later. Approximately how far away, in miles, is the storm? A) 11 mi B) 22 mi C) 12 mi D) 13 mi

For water droplets to form, what must be present? A) Smog B) Hygroscopic nuclei C) Carbon dioxide D) Ozone

A form of precipitation that results from convection cycles in clouds is A) sleet. B) rain. C) hail. D) fog.

When the dew point is below 0°C, which of the following is likely to form? A) Sleet B) Snow C) Hail D) Dew

Which of the following is formed by direct freezing of water droplets? A) Dew B) Snow C) Sleet D) Frost

Which of the following is an essential agent of the Bergeron process? A) Wind B) Carbon dioxide C) Mixing D) Rain

The Pacific Ocean southwest of the United States is the source region for the ______________ type of air mass. A) cP B) mA C) mT D) mP

Hawaii's weather is chiefly affected by what type of air mass? A) mA B) mP C) cP D) mT

When a cold front advances under a warm front, this results in a(n) A) stationary front. B) anticyclone. C) cold front occlusion. D) warm front occlusion.

When two advancing fronts meet, a typical result is A) a stationary front. B) a warm front. C) a cold front. D) none of these.

The northern Atlantic Ocean is the source region for the ______________ type of air mass. A) cA B) cP C) mP D) mT

Lightning damage comes chiefly from ______________ discharge. A) intracloud B) air C) cloud-to-cloud D) cloud-to-ground

A tropical storm becomes a hurricane when its wind speed reaches A) 50 mi/h. B) 120 mi/h. C) 74 mi/h. D) 100 mi/h.

A hurricane watch is issued when A) a tropical storm begins to form. B) a hurricane has been sighted. C) a storm surge has hit the coast. D) there is a threat of hurricane conditions within 24 to 36 h.

Storms A) develop as a consequence of frontal activity. B) are atmospheric disturbances. C) develop within a single air mass. D) all of the above

El Niño A) increases the rainfall for the South American coastal countries. B) means "little girl" in Spanish. C) gives rise to colder ocean water in the eastern Pacific. D) occurs when trade winds blow from east to west.

During a severe thunderstorm, it is advisable to A) seek shelter under a tree. B) do laundry or watch TV. C) call someone on the phone. D) do none of these things.

The safest place in the home to seek shelter from a tornado is the A) basement. B) kitchen. C) bedroom. D) attic.

A tornado warning is issued A) when weather conditions suggest that a tornado might form. B) only when a tornado has been sighted. C) only when a tornado has been indicated on radar. D) when a tornado has been either sighted or indicated on radar.

Hurricanes derive their energy from A) gravity. B) specific heat. C) the Coriolis force. D) latent heat.

The greatest cause of hurricane deaths is A) the storm surge. B) panic. C) the eye. D) high winds.

The boundary between two air masses is called a A) squall line. B) blizzard. C) tornado. D) front.

Which of the following is not a fossil fuel? A) Uranium B) Oil C) Coal D) Gas

A product of incomplete combustion that is a major air pollutant is A) H₂O. B) O₂. C) NOx. D) CO.

One of the best indicators of photochemical smog is A) CO₂. B) HC. C) O₃. D) NOx.

A compound resulting from a major fuel impurity is A) CO₂. B) CO. C) SO₂. D) HC.

The major source of CO pollution is A) combustion for electrical generation. B) industry. C) domestic heating. D) transportation.

The major source of NOx pollution is A) combustion for electrical generation. B) industry. C) transportation. D) domestic heating.

Atmospheric sulfur pollution gives rise to A) acid snow only. B) acid fog only. C) acid rain only. D) all of these.

The pollutant primarily responsible for acid rain is A) NO₂. B) CO₂. C) O₃. D) SO₂.

The pollutant that affects the oxygen-carrying capability of the blood is A) CO. B) SOx. C) CO₂. D) NOx

It is believed that excessive CO₂ emissions will cause A) a decrease in Earth's average temperature. B) a decrease in Earth's average rainfall. C) an increase in Earth's average rainfall. D) an increase in Earth's average temperature.

When air is cooled below its dew point without condensation, it is said to be ______________.

In the Bergeron process, condensation occurs on ______________.

The process by which raindrops are formed by the collision of droplets is called ______________.

An air mass derives its characteristics from its ______________.

An air mass forming over the Gulf of Mexico would be classified as ______________.

The boundary between two air masses is called a(n) ______________.

Lightning between a cloud and the surrounding air is called ______________.

Rain that freezes upon striking a cold surface gives rise to a(n) ______________ storm.

A tornado ______________ is issued when a tornado has been sighted or indicated on radar.

Conditions opposite to those of El Niño conditions are called ______________.

The low-pressure center of a hurricane is called the ______________.

Hurricanes derive their energy from ______________.

The dome of water associated with a hurricane making landfall is called a(n) ______________.

When at home during a tornado warning, you should seek shelter in the ______________ of the building.

Snowstorms accompanied by high winds and low temperatures are called ______________.

Flashes from unseen lightning are called ______________.

Coal, gas, and oil are ______________ fuels.

A high-pressure air mass that moves over a region and then becomes stationary may give rise to a(n) ______________ inversion.

A natural agent of chemical weathering that is enhanced by CO₂ pollution is ______________.

Air pollution results from ______________ combustion of ______________ fuels.

Smog is a mixture of ______________ and ______________.

A class of pollutants formed at high temperatures (nearly complete combustion) in the presence of air is ______________.

A common fuel impurity in fossil fuels is ______________.

The type of smog that forms in Los Angeles is called ______________ smog.

A color-coded ______________ Index is used to indicate how good or bad the air is, in terms of pollution.

In the amended Montreal Protocol, many nations agreed to phase out ______________ by the year 2000.

The component in CFCs that is responsible for destroying ozone is ______________.

Albedo changes may result from ______________ pollution.

Changes in Earth's thermal balance by decreasing the transparency of the atmosphere to insolation can result from ______________ pollution.

A cold front traveling at an average speed of 35 km/h eastward is 280 km due west of you. Approximately how long will it be before your location experiences a sudden temperature drop?

During the approach of a severe thunderstorm, workers on a project see lightning and then hear the resulting thunder 5.0 s later. How far away, in kilometers, is the storm?

Picnickers see a lightning flash of an approaching thunderstorm and hear the thunder 8.0 s later. a. Approximately how far away, in miles, is the storm? b. If the storm is moving at a speed of 10 mi/h and the picnickers take 20 minutes to finish eating and pack, will they get wet?