Question 1

Based on research, which person is MOST likely to suffer from increased risk of physical health problems and mental disorders, and be stigmatized as lazy and less qualified in the workplace?

Accepted Answer

Obesity is associated with an increased risk of various physical health problems (such as diabetes, heart disease, and certain cancers) and mental disorders (such as depression and anxiety). Additionally, societal and workplace stigma often labels obese individuals as lazy and less qualified, contributing to discrimination and negative stereotypes.

Question 2

Flow is BEST defined as:

Accepted Answer

Flow is a psychological concept introduced by Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi, characterized by complete immersion and enjoyment in an activity, leading to a state of heightened focus and fulfillment.

Question 3

According to the facial feedback theory, facial expressions _____ emotions.

Accepted Answer

Facial feedback theory suggests that facial expressions can cause emotions, rather than simply resulting from them.

Question 4

_____ is a number calculated from a person's height and weight that indicates body fat and overall fitness level.

Accepted Answer

Body mass index (BMI) is a measure calculated using a person's weight and height to estimate body fat and assess overall fitness levels.

Question 5

Research indicates that among the five emotion regulation strategies, _____ does not work well and may actually worsen a situation, whereas _____ tends to be the most effective overall.

Accepted Answer

Research shows that response modulation, which involves trying to suppress or enhance emotional responses after they occur, is generally not effective and can even exacerbate negative emotions. Cognitive change, on the other hand, which involves changing the way one thinks about a situation to alter its emotional impact, is considered the most effective emotion regulation strategy.

Question 6

Drive reduction theory suggests that you are motivated mostly by a need to:

Accepted Answer

Drive reduction theory posits that the primary force motivating human behavior is the desire to reduce internal drives that result from unmet needs, such as hunger or thirst, aiming to maintain homeostasis or the body's internal balance.

Question 7

Brit goes to her doctor's office for an annual physical exam. The nurses begin by calculating Brit's body mass index (BMI). In order to do so, they will need to measure Brit's:

Accepted Answer

Body Mass Index (BMI) is calculated using an individual's height and weight. The formula for BMI does not involve heart rate or blood pressure.

Question 8

Which pair of individuals would have the lowest BMI correlation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which pair of individuals would have the...

Question 9

According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, feeling positive about yourself and having a good sense of self-worth represent _____ needs.

Accepted Answer

Esteem needs in Maslow's hierarchy refer to the need for self-esteem, respect, self-confidence, and feelings of being valued and accepted by others. Feeling positive about oneself and having a good sense of self-worth are directly related to esteem needs.

Question 10

Burak is talking about a time when he was in a moment of self-actualization and experienced a peak experience. During this peak experience, it is MOST likely that he:

Accepted Answer

During a peak experience, individuals often lose track of time and space due to being fully immersed and engaged in the activity. This state is characterized by a feeling of euphoria and deep fulfillment, often associated with self-actualization, where the person is completely absorbed in what they are doing.

Question 11

The _____ theory of emotion states that you experience emotion by simultaneously becoming aware of bodily changes and feelings.

Accepted Answer

The Cannon-Bard theory of emotion proposes that emotional and physiological responses occur simultaneously and independently, leading to the conscious experience of emotion. This contrasts with theories like James-Lange, which suggest that physiological arousal precedes the emotional experience.

Question 12

Brett feels quite annoyed whenever she is around her mother-in-law. After years of simply putting up with her mother-in-law's constant criticisms, Brett now regularly screens her phone calls and simply declines invitations from her. Which emotion regulation strategy is Brett adopting?

Accepted Answer

Brett is practicing situation selection by actively choosing to avoid interactions with her mother-in-law, thereby managing her emotional response to those interactions. Situation selection involves making choices about which situations to enter or avoid based on their emotional impact.

Question 13

Statistically, which subgroup(s) tend(s) to be more motivated by goals that focus on relationships rather than on the self?

Accepted Answer

Research and psychological studies suggest that women and individuals from collectivist cultures (such as many Asian, African, and Latin American societies) tend to place a higher value on relationships and community. This contrasts with the more self-focused goals often emphasized in individualistic cultures (like those in the United States and Western Europe) and by men, who are statistically more likely to prioritize individual achievements and autonomy.

Question 14

According to the Yerkes-Dodson law, which basketball player would MOST likely have the best shooting ratio during game time?

Accepted Answer

The Yerkes-Dodson law suggests that optimal performance occurs at moderate levels of arousal. Jordy, who is moderately aroused, is most likely to have the best shooting ratio according to this principle.

Question 15

_____ is a hormone that signals feelings of fullness, whereas _____ is a hormone that signals feelings of hunger.

Accepted Answer

Leptin is a hormone associated with suppressing hunger, signaling to the brain that the body has enough energy stored, thus promoting feelings of fullness. Ghrelin, on the other hand, is known as the "hunger hormone" because it stimulates appetite, increases food intake, and promotes fat storage.

Question 16

Gabriella is concerned about her weight and thinks she needs to go on a diet. Her friends tell her that if she lost any weight she would be too thin. Gabriella decides to consult her doctor and finds that her BMI is 17. It turns out that she falls into the category of:

Accepted Answer

A BMI of 17 falls into the underweight category according to the World Health Organization's classification system.

Question 17

Arousal is BEST defined as a:

Accepted Answer

Arousal is best defined as a state of general excitement or attentiveness, which can influence motivation and the direction of behavior, but is not a desire itself.

Question 18

Even though we live in a time of food abundance, the _____ suggests that we have inherited genes from our ancestors that promote an eating strategy designed to overeat and build up fat whenever possible in order to safeguard against famine.

Accepted Answer

The thrifty gene hypothesis posits that humans have evolved genes that promote efficient fat storage to protect against periods of famine, explaining why people might overeat when food is abundant.

Question 19

Zoe had always been very athletic and health conscious throughout high school. She is about to enter college and is extremely worried about the "freshman 15" to the point where she is starting to lose sleep over it. Having become familiar with the research on weight gain during college, what advice do you give to Zoe?

Accepted Answer

The "freshman 15" is a common term referring to weight gain during the first year of college, but it is not inevitable. It depends on individual behaviors, choices, and circumstances.

Question 20

The key difference between the cognitive appraisal theory and other theories of emotion is that it:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The key difference between the cognitive appraisal...

Quiz 8: Motivation and Emotion