Question 1

The number of live births per 1,000 members of a population in a given year is the __________ rate.
A) crude birth
B) general fertility
C) age-specific fertility
D) fecundity

Accepted Answer

The crude birth rate is defined as the number of live births per 1,000 members of a population in a given year.

Question 2

The three classic models of city growth are the concentric circle model, edge cities, and the single nuclei model.

Accepted Answer

The three classic models of city growth are the concentric zone model, the sector model, and the multiple nuclei model. Edge cities are a concept related to suburban development rather than a classic model of urban structure.

Question 3

Three schools of thought regarding fertility reduction were discussed in the text. These include family planning, improving industrialization, and coercion as means of curbing the birth rate.

Accepted Answer

The three schools of thought regarding fertility reduction typically include family planning, improving education and economic opportunities, and health interventions, not coercion or industrialization.

Question 4

Demographic transition theory relates changes in birth and death rates to processes of modernization.

Accepted Answer

Demographic transition theory suggests that as countries modernize, they experience declines in both birth and death rates, moving from high levels of natural increase to lower levels, through distinct stages of demographic change.

Question 5

More than half of the world's population now lives in cities.

Accepted Answer

As of the latest data, more than 55% of the world's population resides in urban areas, and this percentage is expected to increase in the coming years.

Question 6

For most of the past 200 years, the largest cities in the world have been industrial urban centers in Europe and North America.

Accepted Answer

The statement is true because for most of the past 200 years, the largest cities in the world have been industrial urban centers in Europe and North America.

Question 7

The _________________ consists of all surrounding conditions and influences that affect an organism or a group or organisms.
A) society
B) behavioral sink
C) ecosystem
D) environment

Accepted Answer

The term "environment" refers to all surrounding conditions and influences that affect an organism or a group of organisms, encompassing both natural and artificial elements.

Question 8

Native Americans are the most segregated minority group in the United States.

Accepted Answer

African Americans have historically been the most segregated minority group in the United States, particularly in housing and education, according to numerous studies and reports.

Question 9

Many industrialized nations are experiencing population declines and depend on immigration for population growth. A notable exception is ______________, where population increase within the country and immigration both contribute to population growth.
A) Sweden
B) Germany
C) the United States
D) Japan

Accepted Answer

The United States experiences population growth both from within (natural increase) and through immigration, making it a notable exception among many industrialized nations facing population declines without significant immigration.

Question 10

Functionalists emphasize that human beings must become more sensitive to the consequences of their actions on the environment to avoid damaging the "Spaceship Earth."

Accepted Answer

Functionalists focus on the interdependence of society's components and how they work together to maintain stability, including the relationship between humans and the environment.

Question 11

Descriptive decline refers to a deterioration in city services and social amenities of urban life.

Accepted Answer

Descriptive decline refers to the process of describing or documenting the decline or deterioration of something, not specifically to a deterioration in city services and social amenities of urban life.

Question 12

China's one-child policy has resulted in an imbalance in the sex ratio, with girls outnumbering boys at birth and the disparity increasing with time.

Accepted Answer

China's one-child policy has resulted in a gender imbalance with more boys being born than girls, due to a cultural preference for male offspring and selective sex practices.

Question 13

The three factors that determine population change within a given society are
A) births, accidental deaths, and homicides.
B) births, deaths, and immigration.
C) births, deaths, and emigration.
D) births, deaths, and migrations into or out of the society.

Accepted Answer

The three factors that determine population change within a society are births, deaths, and migrations (both immigration into and emigration out of the society). These factors directly influence the total population size by adding or subtracting individuals.

Question 14

Cities constitute a relatively recent development in human history; before the domestication of plants and the husbandry of animals, human beings did not live together in large groups.

Accepted Answer

Before the domestication of plants and animals, humans were primarily hunter-gatherers who lived in small, nomadic groups. The development of agriculture allowed for the establishment of permanent settlements, leading to the formation of cities.

Question 15

Global warming ranks very high in terms of public concern.

Accepted Answer

While global warming is a significant issue, public concern can vary widely based on factors such as location, political beliefs, and current events, and it may not always rank as the highest concern compared to other issues like the economy or healthcare.

Question 16

On a daily basis, each U.S. citizen uses more than five times the amount of energy calculated to be the worldwide average per capita.

Accepted Answer

U.S. citizens have a high energy consumption rate, significantly exceeding the global average per capita, due to factors like higher living standards, reliance on automobiles, and energy-intensive industries.

Question 17

In 2011, world population had reached
A) 2 billion
B) 5 billion
C) 7 billion.
D) 9 billion.

Accepted Answer

In 2011, the world population reached approximately 7 billion.

Question 18

A relatively stable community of organisms with interlocking relationships and exchanges with one another and their natural habitat is called a(n)
A) society.
B) behavioral sink.
C) environment.
D) ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

An ecosystem refers to a community of living organisms in conjunction with the nonliving components of their environment, interacting as a system. These biotic and abiotic components are linked together through nutrient cycles and energy flows.

Question 19

________________ is the science dealing with the size, distribution, composition, and changes in population.
A) Sociology
B) Ecology
C) Demography
D) Homography

Accepted Answer

Demography is the scientific study of human populations, focusing on their size, composition, distribution, and changes due to birth, migration, aging, and death.

Question 20

By 2015, most of the largest urban areas will be in the developing world.

Accepted Answer

By 2015, rapid urbanization in developing countries led to many of the world's largest cities being located in these regions, surpassing those in developed countries.

Quiz 12: Population and Environment

The number of live births per 1,000 members of a population in a given year is the __________ rate.

The three classic models of city growth are the concentric circle model, edge cities, and the single nuclei model.

Three schools of thought regarding fertility reduction were discussed in the text. These include family planning, improving industrialization, and coercion as means of curbing the birth rate.

Demographic transition theory relates changes in birth and death rates to processes of modernization.

More than half of the world's population now lives in cities.

For most of the past 200 years, the largest cities in the world have been industrial urban centers in Europe and North America.

The _________________ consists of all surrounding conditions and influences that affect an organism or a group or organisms.

Native Americans are the most segregated minority group in the United States.

Many industrialized nations are experiencing population declines and depend on immigration for population growth. A notable exception is ______________, where population increase within the country and immigration both contribute to population growth.

Functionalists emphasize that human beings must become more sensitive to the consequences of their actions on the environment to avoid damaging the "Spaceship Earth."

Descriptive decline refers to a deterioration in city services and social amenities of urban life.

China's one-child policy has resulted in an imbalance in the sex ratio, with girls outnumbering boys at birth and the disparity increasing with time.

The three factors that determine population change within a given society are

Cities constitute a relatively recent development in human history; before the domestication of plants and the husbandry of animals, human beings did not live together in large groups.

Global warming ranks very high in terms of public concern.

On a daily basis, each U.S. citizen uses more than five times the amount of energy calculated to be the worldwide average per capita.

In 2011, world population had reached

A relatively stable community of organisms with interlocking relationships and exchanges with one another and their natural habitat is called a(n)

________________ is the science dealing with the size, distribution, composition, and changes in population.

By 2015, most of the largest urban areas will be in the developing world.