Question 1

To which class or ideology did advocates of Bohemian values object most vehemently?

Accepted Answer

Bohemians typically rejected the conventional values and norms of the middle class, seeking alternative lifestyles and artistic expression.

Question 2

Camillo di Cavour was a perfect candidate to lead the movement to unify Italy because he was so thoroughly "Italian" in values and culture.

Accepted Answer

Cavour was more of a pragmatic statesman and diplomat focused on political strategy and modernization rather than being driven by a strong sense of Italian nationalism or cultural identity.

Question 3

Tsar Nikolai effectively used a system of police repression to suppress revolutionary dissent in Russia; also, he considered constructing a wall around Russia to protect it from revolutionary infection.

Accepted Answer

Tsar Nikolai used a system of police repression to suppress revolutionary dissent in Russia.

Question 4

The British Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli was devoid of any reforming impulses; he proposed new laws solely to win votes.

Accepted Answer

Benjamin Disraeli was known for his reforming impulses, including social reforms such as the Second Reform Act of 1867, which expanded the electorate, and various social welfare measures.

Question 5

What was the French biologist Louis Pasteur's impressive discovery in microbiology?

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur's research demonstrated how bacteria could spoil food and beverages, leading to the development of pasteurization to prevent this.

Question 6

What were the political goals of European anarchists?

Accepted Answer

European anarchists aimed to dismantle organized states and replace them with decentralized, cooperative forms of social organization, emphasizing voluntary association and mutual aid.

Question 7

Which of the following sentences encapsulates the French poet Baudelaire's opinion of realism?

Accepted Answer

Baudelaire was known for his disdain for conventional realism and was more interested in exploring new and innovative artistic expressions, as seen in his works that often challenged traditional norms.

Question 8

Karl Marx, despite his deep concern for the European laboring class, paid practically no attention to the peasantry.

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx focused primarily on the industrial working class (proletariat) and largely overlooked the peasantry, believing that the proletariat would be the main force in the socialist revolution.

Question 9

Besides suffering a humiliating defeat at the hands of the Prussians in 1870, the French also saw the regime of Napoleon III toppled.

Accepted Answer

The Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871 resulted in a decisive defeat for France, leading to the fall of the Second French Empire and the capture of Napoleon III.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the social classes of the mid-nineteenth century is accurate?

Accepted Answer

The bourgeois class had gained significant economic power and cultural influence during the mid-nineteenth century, becoming more distinct and defined in society.

Question 11

Who or what was the target of the British Contagious Diseases Acts, passed in the 1860s?

Accepted Answer

The British Contagious Diseases Acts were aimed at controlling venereal diseases by regulating and inspecting prostitutes in certain garrison towns and ports.

Question 12

On what did the social critic Alexis de Tocqueville blame the rise of revolutionary movements?

Accepted Answer

The growth of state power led to the rise of revolutionary movements, as people became increasingly dissatisfied with the government's authority and control over their lives.

Question 13

A new constitution was drafted by the French Constituent Assembly in 1848 because the peasantry was so keen to see changes.

Accepted Answer

The 1848 constitution was drafted following the February Revolution, which was driven by a broader demand for political reform and social change, not solely by the peasantry.

Question 14

What was a key difference between the Marxist perspective on organized governments and the anarchists' position?

Accepted Answer

Marxists believed in a transitional state led by the proletariat before achieving a stateless society, while anarchists wanted to abolish all forms of government immediately.

Question 15

British leaders did not oppose Prussian policies that led to a unified Germany because they were more concerned about Russia's involvement in central Asia.

Accepted Answer

During the 19th century, British foreign policy was primarily focused on maintaining the balance of power in Europe and protecting its interests in Central Asia, often referred to as "The Great Game" against Russian expansion. This led to less opposition to Prussian policies that resulted in German unification.

Question 16

Why was the French novelist Gustave Flaubert prosecuted for his novel, Madame Bovary?

Accepted Answer

The novel "Madame Bovary" was prosecuted because its frank depiction of sexuality and extramarital affairs was considered immoral and offensive to public decency by the authorities at the time.

Question 17

How did John Stuart Mill disagree with his contemporary political liberals in regard to government intervention?

Accepted Answer

John Stuart Mill believed that the state should intervene to protect workers and promote economic safeguards, which was a departure from the classical liberal emphasis on minimal government intervention.

Question 18

The French Revolution 1848 began when protesters clashed with infantry and cavalry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The French Revolution 1848 began when protesters...

Question 19

The British deliberately designed cartridges greased with beef and pork fat to antagonize Hindu and Muslim soldiers.

Accepted Answer

The cartridges were not deliberately designed to antagonize; it was a result of cultural insensitivity and lack of understanding of religious practices by the British, leading to the Indian Rebellion of 1857.

Question 20

The British Liberal party led by William Gladstone were exceptionally liberal toward British workers; that party would have granted much more poor relief had it not been opposed by the Conservative party.

Accepted Answer

The British Liberal Party, led by William Gladstone, was not exceptionally liberal toward workers in terms of poor relief. Gladstone's policies were more focused on free trade and limited government intervention, and the party was not primarily opposed by the Conservatives on this issue.

Quiz 19: Growing Pains: Social and Political Upheavals, 1845-1880