Essentials of Psychology

Which of the following is the scientific study of how people's thoughts,feelings,and behavior are influenced by others?

What does the discipline of social psychology attempt to do?

The way we seek to know and understand other people and events is known as ____.

What are the two areas of social perception?

Mark is walking down a dark,deserted city street at night when he suddenly notices a person walking toward him,three blocks ahead.At a distance of one block,he can tell that this person is a man.In less than a minute,their paths will cross.Mark is trying to gather information about the other person for his health and safety.What is the term used to describe this process?

What is the process of integrating various sources of information about a person into an overall judgment known as?

Human beings are ____ because we identify objects-including other people-according to features that distinguish them from other objects.

In ____ categorization,physical features such as race,sex,age,and attractiveness are the most common ways to classify people,especially during first encounters.

Ellen is seeing Max for the first time.She evaluates him on the basis of his race,age,and attractiveness.What kind of categorization is Ellen actually engaging in?

Because we so often categorize people based on superficial physical features,our labeling has become ____,often occurring without conscious thought or effort.

What is the term used to indicate a fixed way of thinking about people that puts them into categories and does not allow for individual variation?

An experiment was conducted by Galen Bodenhausen where he asked mostly White college students to act as mock jurors in a court case.Some students were told that the defendant was named Carlos Ramirez,and others were told that his name was Robert Johnson.The imaginary Carlos Ramirez (with a the Hispanic-sounding name)was found guilty more often than the imaginary Robert Johnson only when students learned the name before receiving the evidence.What did Bodenhausen conclude from this experiment?

____ are "shortcuts to thinking" that provide us with information about individuals we do not personally know.

Veronica is a high school freshman living in Wisconsin.A new student joins her class,and Veronica learns that she is from California."Ah...A California girl!" exclaims Veronica."She must be a vegetarian who likes to surf and has liberal political beliefs!" What term explains Veronica's statements?

Although stereotyping people can ____ our social judgments,these cognitive shortcuts also can ____ our thinking.

People tend to believe that physically attractive individuals possess socially desirable personality traits.This belief is called the ____.

David perceives Joann as being very bright,outgoing,and happy.He's been wanting to ask her out because he appreciates these qualities.However,he would also like to ask Marcia out,but she is not as pretty as Joann.David believes Joann leads a more fulfilling,interesting life than Marcia.This hypothetical example illustrates the influence of ____.

What are the two beauty standards identified by researchers that are related to reproductive fitness?

The physical attractiveness stereotype occurs in ____ cultures.

Regarding weight,cross-cultural studies indicate that men worldwide are generally attracted to women who ____.