Question 1

Which of the following refers to the reassurance of the subjects and an explanation of the purposes of the research upon completion of a study?
A)Research summary
B)Debriefing
C)Research closeout
D)Closeout

Accepted Answer

Debriefing is the process where researchers provide participants with a full explanation of the study, including its purpose and any deceptions used, after their participation has concluded. This is essential for ethical research practices.

Question 2

A potentially hazardous and relatively neglected area of criminal justice research has been the primary use of historical and archival data.

Accepted Answer

Historical and archival data can provide valuable insights into criminal justice trends and patterns, but they may be underutilized due to challenges such as data accessibility, quality, and relevance to current issues.

Question 3

The National Institute of Justice NIJ)was the pioneer among federal agencies in requiring that data sets from funded research be given to the agency upon completion of the project.

Accepted Answer

The National Institute of Justice (NIJ) was indeed a pioneer among federal agencies in mandating that data sets generated from funded research projects be submitted to the agency upon the completion of those projects, promoting transparency and further research.

Question 4

The term 'meta-methods' was coined by Glass 1976)and refers to quantitative analysis that reviews,combines,and summarizes the results of many different studies dealing with the same research question.

Accepted Answer

The term 'meta-analysis' refers to the quantitative analysis that reviews, combines, and summarizes the results of many different studies dealing with the same research question, not 'meta-methods'.

Question 5

Physical trace analysis is systematic classification and analysis of data such as the content of mass media.

Accepted Answer

Physical trace analysis refers to the examination and interpretation of physical evidence left at a crime scene or as part of an investigation, not the analysis of data content in mass media.

Question 6

Masked observation involves any type of research in which the researcher hides his or her presence or purpose for interacting with a group.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Masked observation involves any type of research...

Question 7

Content analysis is a type of unobtrusive measurement that involves the analysis of deposits,accretion of matter,and other indirect substances produced by previous human interaction.

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is a research technique for systematically analyzing textual material by categorizing words or phrases to understand or quantify communication patterns. It does not involve the analysis of physical deposits or matter.

Question 8

Which of the following greatly enhances the data-gathering process in unobtrusive measurement.
A)Audio and visual mechanical aids
B)Field notes
C)Intelligence
D)None of the above

Accepted Answer

Audio and visual mechanical aids greatly enhance the data-gathering process in unobtrusive measurement by allowing for the collection of data without interfering with the subject's natural behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following refers to research conducted in such a manner that subject reactivity,or awareness of being studied,is eliminated?
A)Reactivity
B)Non-reactivity
C)Passivity
D)Non-passivity

Accepted Answer

Non-reactivity refers to a research approach designed to minimize or eliminate the influence that the awareness of being observed or studied has on the subjects. This aims to ensure that the behavior or responses of the subjects are as natural and unaffected as possible, providing more accurate and reliable data.

Question 10

Another important method of analyzing existing data is through content analysis,the systematic analysis and selective classification of the contents of mass communication.

Accepted Answer

Content analysis is indeed a research technique for the objective, systematic, and quantitative description of the manifest content of communication. It is used to analyze words, themes, and concepts within various forms of media and is a common method in the study of mass communication.

Question 11

'Dark assistants' are research assistants who pose as subjects in a study.

Accepted Answer

'Dark assistants' are not research assistants posing as subjects; instead, the term typically refers to unethical practices where individuals are hired to perform tasks that are morally questionable or to manipulate outcomes in various contexts, not specifically in research as subjects.

Question 12

Which of the following is the leading disadvantage in employing secretive means of gathering data?
A)Intrusiveness
B)Invasiveness
C)Confidence invasion
D)Privacy invasion

Accepted Answer

The leading disadvantage of employing secretive means of gathering data is privacy invasion, as it directly violates individuals' rights to keep their personal information confidential.

Question 13

Physical trace analysis,simple observation and simulation are all examples of unobtrusive methods.

Accepted Answer

These methods do not require direct interaction with the subjects being studied, thereby not altering their behavior, which is characteristic of unobtrusive research methods.

Question 14

The use of personal documents in social research was pioneered by Thomas and Znaniecki in their classic sociological work The Polish Peasant in Europe and America.

Accepted Answer

Thomas and Znaniecki's work "The Polish Peasant in Europe and America" is considered a pioneering effort in the use of personal documents, such as letters and diaries, for sociological research, marking a significant methodological innovation in the field.

Question 15

Replication entails a variety of gaming strategies that attempt to imitate a more complex social reality.

Accepted Answer

Replication in the context of science and research refers to the process of repeating a study or experiment to verify its results, not imitating complex social realities through gaming strategies.

Question 16

Unobtrusive measures are ways of studying groups so that they remain unaware of being studied,thus eliminating reactivity.

Accepted Answer

Unobtrusive measures are indeed methods used in social research to observe subjects' behavior without them being aware of the observation, thereby reducing the chances of subjects altering their behavior simply because they know they are being studied, which is referred to as reactivity.

Question 17

Benign research measures are nonreactive methods of gathering data,that is,means of obtaining information in which subjects are not aware of being studied.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Benign research measures are nonreactive methods of...

Question 18

Sanyika Shakur Kody Scott),in Monster: The Autobiography of an L.A.Gang Member 1993),provides an autobiographical account of his violent life as a Crip gang member in south central Los Angeles.

Accepted Answer

Sanyika Shakur, also known as Kody Scott, wrote "Monster: The Autobiography of an L.A. Gang Member" (1993), which is an autobiographical account detailing his life and experiences as a member of the Crips gang in South Central Los Angeles.

Question 19

Secondary analysis is the reanalysis of data that were gathered for other purposes.

Accepted Answer

Secondary analysis involves using existing data, collected for a different research purpose, to answer new research questions.

Question 20

Surveillance is a strategy of data collection in which the investigator attempts to examine the activity of subjects while keeping her or his presence either secret or to a minimum,so as not to interfere.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Surveillance is a strategy of data collection...

Quiz 8: Unobtrusive Measures,secondary Analysis,and the Uses of Official Statistics

Which of the following refers to the reassurance of the subjects and an explanation of the purposes of the research upon completion of a study?