Question 1

What section of the Criminal Code was at issue in R. v. Gladue?

Accepted Answer

The section at issue in R. v. Gladue was s. 718.2(e) of the Criminal Code, which directs courts to consider all available sanctions other than imprisonment that are reasonable in the circumstances, with particular attention to the circumstances of Aboriginal offenders.

Question 2

In 2014-2015, what was the median prison sentence for attempted murder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2014-2015, what was the median prison...

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental purpose of sentencing under Bill C-41?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 4

On appeal, what sentence did the Supreme Court of Canada impose on Mrs. Gladue?

Accepted Answer

The Supreme Court of Canada imposed a conditional sentence on Mrs. Gladue, recognizing the need to consider the unique circumstances of Indigenous offenders.

Question 5

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of Bill C-41 (the Sentencing Reform Bill)?

Accepted Answer

Bill C-41 emphasizes that a sentence must be proportionate to the seriousness of the offence and the degree of responsibility of the offender, making option A a fundamental principle.

Question 6

What is considered to be a mitigating circumstance at the time of sentencing?

Accepted Answer

Mitigating circumstances are factors that might lessen the severity of the sentence. The remorse of the offender is considered a mitigating circumstance because it may indicate the offender's acknowledgment of wrongdoing and potential for rehabilitation.

Question 7

In R. v. Morin, under what circumstance did the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal state that judges should accept the decisions of sentencing circles?

Accepted Answer

In R. v. Morin, the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal stated that judges should accept the decisions of sentencing circles when the Elders are willing to support the offender. This approach emphasizes the importance of community involvement and the role of Elders in the rehabilitative process.

Question 8

In which case in March 2012 did the Supreme Court revisit its decision in Gladue?

Accepted Answer

In March 2012, the Supreme Court revisited its decision in Gladue in the case of R. v. Ipeelee. This case further clarified the application of the Gladue principles, which require courts to consider the unique circumstances of Indigenous offenders during sentencing.

Question 9

Studies by Hagan (1975) and Boldt et al. (1983) found that judges in Canada followed the recommendations by probation officers in what percentage of cases?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies by Hagan (1975) and Boldt et...

Question 10

In 2014-2015, what was the median fine for violent crimes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2014-2015, what was the median fine...

Question 11

Cameron is before the judge to hear what his sentence will be. Before reaching her decision, the judge takes into consideration that Cameron has affiliation and activity with a gang. What type of circumstance does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

Aggravating circumstances are factors that increase the severity or culpability of a criminal act, including affiliation with a gang, which can lead to harsher sentences.

Question 12

Romario is before the judge to hear what his sentence will be. Before reaching his decision, the judge takes into consideration that Romario was raised in a disadvantaged setting. What type of circumstance does this exemplify?

Accepted Answer

Mitigating circumstances are factors that may reduce the severity of a sentence because they lessen the defendant's culpability. The judge considering Romario's disadvantaged upbringing as a factor in determining his sentence is an example of taking mitigating circumstances into account.

Question 13

In 2014-2015, what was the median period of incarceration for violent crimes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2014-2015, what was the median period...

Question 14

In 2014-2015, what was the median period of incarceration for property offenses?

Accepted Answer

The median period of incarceration for property offenses in 2014-2015 was 30 days.

Question 15

Which of the following is an aggravating circumstance at the time of sentencing?

Accepted Answer

Aggravating circumstances refer to factors that can increase the severity of a crime or its punishment. A prior record of the offender is considered an aggravating circumstance because it suggests a pattern of criminal behavior, potentially leading to harsher sentencing.

Question 16

Which case set out the criteria for sentencing circles?

Accepted Answer

R v. Joseyounen is the case that established the criteria for the use of sentencing circles in the Canadian legal system.

Question 17

How many years with no chance of parole did Justin Bourque receive for killing three members of the RCMP and wounding two others?

Accepted Answer

Justin Bourque received a life sentence with no chance of parole for 75 years for killing three RCMP officers and wounding two others in Moncton, New Brunswick, in 2014.

Question 18

Which of the following was an objective of Bill C-41 (the Sentencing Reform Bill)?

Accepted Answer

The Sentencing Reform Bill (Bill C-41) aimed to provide a consistent framework of policy and process in sentencing matters, ensuring fairness and transparency in the sentencing process.

Question 19

In 2014-2015, what was the median fine for violent crimes?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2014-2015, what was the median fine...

Question 20

In 2014-2015, what was the median prison sentence for break and enter?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In 2014-2015, what was the median prison...

Quiz 10: Sentences and Dispositions

What section of the Criminal Code was at issue in R. v. Gladue?

In 2014-2015, what was the median prison sentence for attempted murder?

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental purpose of sentencing under Bill C-41?

On appeal, what sentence did the Supreme Court of Canada impose on Mrs. Gladue?

Which of the following is a fundamental principle of Bill C-41 (the Sentencing Reform Bill) ?

What is considered to be a mitigating circumstance at the time of sentencing?

In R. v. Morin, under what circumstance did the Saskatchewan Court of Appeal state that judges should accept the decisions of sentencing circles?

In which case in March 2012 did the Supreme Court revisit its decision in Gladue?

Studies by Hagan (1975) and Boldt et al. (1983) found that judges in Canada followed the recommendations by probation officers in what percentage of cases?

In 2014-2015, what was the median fine for violent crimes?

Cameron is before the judge to hear what his sentence will be. Before reaching her decision, the judge takes into consideration that Cameron has affiliation and activity with a gang. What type of circumstance does this exemplify?

Romario is before the judge to hear what his sentence will be. Before reaching his decision, the judge takes into consideration that Romario was raised in a disadvantaged setting. What type of circumstance does this exemplify?

In 2014-2015, what was the median period of incarceration for violent crimes?

In 2014-2015, what was the median period of incarceration for property offenses?

Which of the following is an aggravating circumstance at the time of sentencing?

Which case set out the criteria for sentencing circles?

How many years with no chance of parole did Justin Bourque receive for killing three members of the RCMP and wounding two others?

Which of the following was an objective of Bill C-41 (the Sentencing Reform Bill) ?

In 2014-2015, what was the median fine for violent crimes?

In 2014-2015, what was the median prison sentence for break and enter?