Question 1

You are listening to a lecture describing an adversarial system of justice. Which of the following is NOT part of the lecture?

Accepted Answer

In an adversarial system of justice, the judge acts as a neutral and passive figure, overseeing the process rather than actively investigating or questioning witnesses. This is in contrast to an inquisitorial system, where the judge may take an active role in investigating the case.

Question 2

John has committed a criminal offence and has been charged by the police. John is on welfare and cannot afford legal counsel on his own. In Canada, ensuring that everyone can access justice is part of which type of approach to criminal justice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of John has committed a criminal offence and...

Question 3

Which definition of crime is illustrated when a Canadian mayoral candidate equates crime with disorderly conduct (such as panhandling), arguing that such conduct undermines public safety and security?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which definition of crime is illustrated when...

Question 4

The basis for the belief that no act can be considered criminal until a duly appointed representative of the criminal court (e.g., a judge or a jury) has established the guilt of an offender is referred to as which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basis for the belief that no...

Question 5

Which province was the first to legalize physician-assisted death in June 2014?

Accepted Answer

Quebec was the first province in Canada to legalize physician-assisted death with the passing of Bill 52 in June 2014.

Question 6

What is the purpose of the adversarial system?

Accepted Answer

The adversarial system is designed to search for the truth, specifically to determine the guilt or innocence of the accused, through a competitive process where opposing parties present their evidence and arguments to an impartial judge or jury.

Question 7

You are listening to a lecture on corporate crime, in which the speaker argues that crime should NOT be defined on the basis of criminal law, but rather on the basis of two more abstract notions: "social injury" and "social harm." Who is the most likely speaker?

Accepted Answer

Edwin Sutherland is most closely associated with the concept of defining corporate crime beyond the strict confines of criminal law, focusing instead on the broader notions of social injury and social harm. He is known for his work on white-collar crime and for advocating a broader understanding of crime that includes harms committed by individuals in a professional context that may not always be codified as criminal by law.

Question 8

The best-selling text, The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison, contends that the criminal justice system is biased against the poor from start to finish. What definition of crime is the book most likely based on?

Accepted Answer

The book "The Rich Get Richer and the Poor Get Prison" argues that the criminal justice system is biased, which aligns with the social constructionist view of crime. This perspective suggests that what is considered criminal is determined by societal processes and power dynamics, rather than just legal definitions.

Question 9

When was the constitutionality of the law on assisted suicide first raised by Sue Rodriguez?

Accepted Answer

The constitutionality of the law on assisted suicide was first raised by Sue Rodriguez in 1993, when she challenged the Canadian laws prohibiting assisted suicide, arguing they violated her rights under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

Question 10

According to the text, how many cases of euthanasia were studied in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The text states that 40 cases of euthanasia were studied in Canada.

Question 11

Which Supreme Court of Canada case was instrumental in deciding that adults have the right to end their life with a doctor's assistance?

Accepted Answer

Carter v. Canada (2015) was a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision where the Court ruled unanimously that Canadian adults who are mentally competent and suffering intolerably and permanently have the right to a doctor's assistance in dying.

Question 12

When was suicide decriminalized in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Suicide was decriminalized in Canada in 1972, reflecting a shift in societal and legal attitudes towards mental health and suicide.

Question 13

Which of the following are NOT mala prohibita offenses?

Accepted Answer

Mala prohibita refers to actions that are considered wrong because they are prohibited by law, rather than being inherently immoral. Murder is considered a mala in se offense, meaning it is inherently wrong regardless of legal statutes. Abortion, gambling, and homosexuality can be considered mala prohibita as their legal status varies by jurisdiction and they are not universally recognized as inherently immoral.

Question 14

According to what definition of crime are the actions of alleged offenders, and factors that affect the decision to prosecute, important?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to what definition of crime are...

Question 15

According to the text, what percentage of Quebec College of Physicians surveyed favoured euthanasia as long as it occurred within clear legal guidelines?

Accepted Answer

75% of Quebec College of Physicians surveyed favoured euthanasia as long as it occurred within clear legal guidelines.

Question 16

What did researchers discover when physicians in Quebec were asked about their support of euthanasia?

Accepted Answer

Researchers found that approximately 75 percent of physicians in Quebec favored euthanasia, indicating a significant majority support among the medical community there.

Question 17

Your classmate believes that the prevailing moral leaning of society should dictate whether a law is just. What does she consider the most important component of justice?

Accepted Answer

Substantive justice focuses on the fairness of laws themselves and their moral content, which aligns with the belief that the prevailing moral leaning of society should dictate the justness of a law.

Question 18

The basis for the belief that disorderly conduct should be a crime is the idea that crime is a violation of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basis for the belief that disorderly...

Question 19

Which of the following are NOT mala in se offenses?

Accepted Answer

Mala in se refers to actions that are inherently wrong or evil by their nature, such as murder, assault and battery, and robbery. The production and distribution of pornography, however, is not inherently evil or wrong by nature and is considered a mala prohibita offense, which means it is wrong because it is prohibited by law, not because it is inherently immoral.

Question 20

According to the text, what is the objective of social control in a society?

Accepted Answer

The objective of social control in a society is to control behavior that is viewed as criminal or deviant, ensuring conformity to established norms and laws.

Quiz 1: An Overview of the Criminal Justice System in Canada