Quiz 11: Ground Water
Geology/Geography/Oceanography/Atmospheric Sciences
Q 1Q 1
The amount of fresh water stored in oceans is many times greater than the amount of ground water.
Free
True False
False
Free
True False
True
Free
True False
True
Q 4Q 4
The rate of ground water flow tends to decrease with depth because sedimentary rock pores tend to be closed by increasing amounts of cement and the weight of the overlying rock.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 6Q 6
The capillary fringe is thicker in fine-grained sediments and thinner in coarse-grained sediments.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 8Q 8
Water in the upper part of the saturated zone tends to move downward following the slope of the water table.
Free
True False
Q 9Q 9
How fast groundwater flows depends, in part, on the permeability of the sediment through which it passes.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 12Q 12
When water is pumped from a well the water table is typically drawn down into a zone of depression.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 16Q 16
Gasoline leaked from gas station storage tanks is less dense than water and can rise to the top of the water in an aquifer.
Free
True False
Q 17Q 17
Deposits of calcite built up in caves by dripping water are called dripstone or speleothems.
Free
True False
Free
True False
Free
True False
Q 20Q 20
In confined aquifers the water is under pressure and rises to a level above the top of the aquifer.
Free
True False
Q 21Q 21
Shale is a common _____ because it retards the flow of ground water.
A) artesian aquifer
B) confined aquifer
C) aquifer
D) vadose rock
E) aquitard
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 22Q 22
The upper surface of the saturated zone is called the __.
A) water table
B) hard pan
C) saturated lid
D) recharge zone
E) head level
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 23Q 23
A ________ is a place where water flows naturally from rocks onto the ground surface.
A) ground-water sink
B) well
C) spring
D) capillary
E) bore
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 24Q 24
The amount of ground water is ____ that of all rivers and lakes combined.
A) equal to
B) very minor when compared to
C) a little less than
D) many times
E) of uncertain amount compared to
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 25Q 25
An _____ rock is one that does not allow water to flow through it easily.
A) atmospheric
B) indestructible
C) unfractured
D) unstable
E) impermeable
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 26Q 26
Most ________ and _________ are both porous and permeable.
A) mudstone; shale
B) siltstone; claystone
C) schist; quartzite
D) granite; gabbro
E) sandstone; conglomerate
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 27Q 27
A(n) _________ aquifer is completely filled with water under pressure and is separated from the surface by an aquitard.
A) non-economic
B) non-productive
C) confined
D) blind or buried
E) underpressured
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 28Q 28
________ refers to the ability of a rock to transmit fluids.
A) Porosity
B) Hydraulic head
C) Viscosity
D) Permeability
E) Void
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 29Q 29
A _______ is a type of hot spring that erupts hot water and steam.
A) geyser
B) mud volcano
C) travertine
D) magma
E) lahar
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 30Q 30
______ streams receive water from the saturated zone.
A) Spring loaded
B) Losing or influent
C) Gaining or effluent
D) Ephemeral
E) Persistent
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 31Q 31
When water is pumped out of an unconfined aquifer through a well, a ___ often develops in the water table.
A) cone of depression
B) thin film of pollution
C) ground-water mound
D) piercement structure
E) deflation structure
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 32Q 32
The _____ is the zone above the water table.
A) replenishment zone
B) saturated zone
C) vadose zone
D) discharge zone
E) permeable zone
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 33Q 33
A(n) _______ is a body of saturated rock or sediment through which water can move easily.
A) sediment
B) evaporite
C) caprock
D) aquifer
E) aquiclude
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 34Q 34
___ is the percentage of a rock or sediment that consists of void space.
A) Vugosity
B) Void index
C) Permeability
D) Porosity
E) Holiness
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 35Q 35
A _____ is a deep, cylindrical hole that is dug or drilled into the ground to penetrate an aquifer within the saturated zone.
A) pump
B) well
C) deep aquifer
D) cone of depression
E) water hole
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 36Q 36
An area with many sinkholes and caves is said to have ___ topography.
A) karst
B) decalcified
C) a subsidence-dominated
D) a wadi
E) cratered
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 37Q 37
___ is becoming a serious problem as demand for drinking water increases in coastal cities.
A) Pollution of the ocean's water
B) Decrease in seawater salinity
C) Development of fresh-water springs on the seabed
D) Salt-water intrusion into wells
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 38Q 38
Heavy use of ground water can cause a region's water table to ____.
A) flow faster
B) disappear
C) increase in thickness
D) rise toward the ground surface
E) drop to deeper depths
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 39Q 39
Local lowering of the water table, called ____, tends to change the direction of groundwater flow by changing the slope of the water table.
A) drawdown
B) depressing
C) porosity
D) artesian
E) invasion
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 40Q 40
A deposit of loose sand may have a porosity of _____ percent.
A) 30-50
B) 20-30
C) less than 20
D) 40-50
E) more than 50
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 41Q 41
______ are icicle-like pendants of calcite hanging from cave ceilings.
A) Stalagmites
B) Flowstone
C) Straws
D) Stalactites
E) Concretions
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 42Q 42
_____ form when slightly acidic ground water dissolves limestone along joints and bedding planes.
A) Pores
B) Caves
C) Flowstones
D) Concretions
E) Stalagmites
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 43Q 43
____ are closed depressions found where land surfaces are underlain by limestone bedrock.
A) Cirque valleys
B) Craters
C) Kettle holes
D) Sinkholes
E) Inversions
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 44Q 44
In parts of Texas and New Mexico the pumping of ground water has caused the water table of the Ogallala Reservoir to drop ____.
A) 30 centimeters
B) 1 meter
C) 3 meters
D) 10 meters
E) 30 meters
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 45Q 45
The water table ______ in humid regions.
A) is kilometers deep
B) roughly parallels the land surface
C) reaches the ground surface at the top of hills
D) is at a fixed depth regardless of topography
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 46Q 46
Heavily pumped wells near a coast can be contaminated by ____.
A) saltwater intrusion
B) radioactive waste
C) hard water
D) soft water
E) high iron water
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 47Q 47
Gasoline leaking from an underground storage tank will __.
A) evaporate entirely to the atmosphere
B) sink past the water table to mix with ground water
C) infiltrate to the top of the water table, on which it will float
D) sink to the bottom of the saturated zone without mixing
E) remain trapped in the soils around the tank
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 48Q 48
____ water is water that contains relatively large amounts of dissolved calcium and magnesium.
A) Hard
B) Branch
C) Mineral
D) Soda
E) Soft
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 49Q 49
Most caves are probably formed by ground water circulating ___ the water table.
A) at
B) below
C) above
D) with an uncertain relation to
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 50Q 50
___ states that the velocity of ground water equals permeability multiplied by hydraulic gradient.
A) Darcy's law
B) Einstein's equation
C) Newton's Law
D) Steno's principle
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 51Q 51
Given all other conditions are the same, ground water flows faster if __.
A) it is flowing through finer-grained materials
B) it is flowing in response to a greater hydraulic gradient
C) it is flowing through deeply buried material
D) it is colder
E) it is saturated with dissolved solids
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 52Q 52
In unconfined aquifers water in shallow wells __.
A) will rise to the ground surface and flow freely at the surface
B) will rise just to the ground surface, but will not flow
C) will rise to the level of the water table
D) will not rise beyond the base of the well
E) There is not enough information to answer this question.
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 53Q 53
Groundwater is important in the preservation of _____ which develops when porous buried wood is either filled in or replaced by inorganic silica carried in by ground water.
A) preserved wood
B) petrified wood
C) petrified material
D) preserved material
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 54Q 54
The hydraulic head is defined as __.
A) the elevation of the water table
B) the pore fluid pressure
C) the velocity of water flow
D) the slope of the water table
E) elevation plus pore fluid pressure at a given point
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 55Q 55
The unsaturated zone is __.
A) a zone of high biological activity located along the water table
B) the zone of capillary action adjacent to the water table
C) the zone of mixing at the water table
D) the zone above the water table
E) the zone at the ground surface that includes the soil profile
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 56Q 56
A(n) ____ is a body of ground water separated from the main water table by a zone that is not saturated.
A) confined aquifer
B) perched water table
C) aquiclude
D) free aquifer
E) vadose zone
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 57Q 57
______ is a deposit of calcite that forms around hot springs.
A) Hematite
B) Quartz
C) Travertine
D) Stalactite
E) Sinter
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 58Q 58
In very dry climates such as deserts, rivers tend to be __.
A) gaining streams
B) subsequent streams
C) meandering streams
D) losing streams
E) consequent streams
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 59Q 59
Shales can have substantial porosity but have low _____.
A) cement
B) permeability
C) void space
D) pore space
E) conductivity
Free
Multiple Choice
Q 60Q 60
In a(n) _____ aquifer water rises above the top of the aquifer when a drill penetrates it.
A) artesian
B) spring
C) erupting
D) dry
Free
Multiple Choice