Question 1

When preparing for venipuncture, a constricting band should be applied tight enough to restrict ________ flow.
A) venous but not arterial
B) arterial but not venous
C) neither arterial nor venous
D) both arterial and venous

Accepted Answer

The purpose of the constricting band is to make the veins more prominent and easier to access for venipuncture. It should not be tight enough to restrict arterial flow, as this can lead to ischemia and other complications. Therefore, choice A is the best answer.

Question 2

Which of the following is a disadvantage of pulmonary drug administration via nebulizer or metered dose inhaler?
A) It requires a larger dose than other routes.
B) It requires the patient to have adequate ventilation.
C) Pulmonary absorption is a slow route for drug administration.
D) Side effects are more likely with pulmonary drug administration.

Accepted Answer

Pulmonary drug administration via nebulizer or metered dose inhaler requires the patient to have adequate ventilation, which can be a disadvantage for patients with respiratory conditions or limited lung function. This may limit the effectiveness of the drug delivery in some patients.

Question 3

Which of the following would NOT be appropriate for intradermal drug administration?
A) 27 gauge, 3/8ʺ needle
B) 20 gauge, 3/4ʺ needle
C) 25 gauge, 1ʺ needle
D) 25 gauge, 3/4ʺ needle

Accepted Answer

Intradermal injections require a small-gauge needle (25 to 27 gauge) that is short (1/4 to 5/8 inch). A 20 gauge, 3/4ʺ needle would be too large and too long for intradermal injections. The best choice would be C or D, both of which meet the appropriate size requirements for an intradermal injection.

Question 4

Which of the following types of medication would be placed in a soufflé cup for administration to a patient?
A) Suppository
B) Powder
C) Syrup
D) Tablet

Accepted Answer

Tablets are solid dosage forms that are often dispensed in soufflé cups for ease of administration to patients. Suppositories are typically inserted into the rectum or vagina, powders are typically poured into a drinking vessel, and syrups are measured and administered with a spoon or syringe.

Question 5

You are to give your patient 50 mg of ketorolac (Toradol) IM for musculoskeletal pain. Ketorolac is supplied 60 mg/2 mL. What volume of drug (in mL) is to be drawn up for administration?
A) 0.17
B) 1.7
C) 17
D) 170

Accepted Answer

To calculate the volume of drug to be drawn up, we need to first find out how many milligrams of the drug is present in 1 mL of the solution.

We can do this by dividing the total amount of drug (60 mg) by the total volume of the solution (2 mL):

60 mg/2 mL = 30 mg/mL

Now, we can use this to calculate how much volume we need to draw up for a dose of 50 mg:

50 mg ÷ 30 mg/mL = 1.67 mL

We always round up when drawing up medication, so the closest option is 1.7 mL, which is choice B.

Question 6

Into which of the following containers would it be necessary to inject a volume of air equal to the intended volume of medication before withdrawing the medication with a needle and syringe?
A) Ampule
B) Vial
C) Nebulizer
D) Prefilled syringe

Accepted Answer

Injecting air into a vial before withdrawing medication is necessary to equalize the pressure inside the vial. This makes it easier to withdraw the medication and ensures accurate dosing. Ampules, nebulizers, and prefilled syringes do not require this step.

Question 7

Which of the following is the appropriate method for preparing a site for venipuncture or injection?
A) Chemical sterilization
B) Use of a disinfectant
C) Use of an antiseptic
D) Use of a sanitizer

Accepted Answer

The appropriate method for preparing a site for venipuncture or injection is to use an antiseptic, such as alcohol or iodine. Antiseptics are preferred over disinfectants and sanitizers because they are specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms on living tissue, while disinfectants and sanitizers are designed for use on surfaces. Chemical sterilization is not necessary for routine venipuncture or injection procedures, as it is a more extreme method typically reserved for surgical procedures or when there is a high risk of infection.

Question 8

A plastic or glass container with a self-sealing rubber top is known as a(n):
A) vial.
B) blister pack.
C) ampule.
D) prefilled syringe.

Accepted Answer

A vial is a small container usually made of glass or plastic with a rubber stopper that can be punctured with a needle for withdrawing medication. A blister pack usually refers to a package with individual compartments for medication, most commonly used for over-the-counter medications. An ampule is a small sealed container usually made of glass that is designed to be opened by breaking off the neck of the container. A prefilled syringe is a syringe filled with a premeasured amount of medication and is ready for use.

Question 9

Using microdrip IV tubing, how many drops of fluid equal 1 mL?
A) 60
B) 10
C) 20
D) 15

Accepted Answer

With microdrip IV tubing, 1 mL is equal to 60 drops of fluid.

Question 10

Administration of medication into the dorsal gluteal muscle must be injected into which quadrant of the muscle?
A) Upper inner
B) Upper outer
C) Lower outer
D) Lower inner

Accepted Answer

The upper outer quadrant of the dorsal gluteal muscle is the recommended site for injections to avoid damage to the sciatic nerve and major blood vessels.

Question 11

The maximum volume of medication to be delivered into the deltoid muscle is ________ mL.
A) 3
B) 1
C) 2
D) 5

Accepted Answer

The maximum volume of medication that can be safely delivered into the deltoid muscle is 2 mL. This limit helps to reduce the risk of muscle damage and discomfort for the patient.

Question 12

A liquid preparation that contains small particles of a solid medication is known as a(n):
A) suspension.
B) elixir.
C) syrup.
D) reconstituted medication.

Accepted Answer

A suspension is a liquid preparation that contains small particles of a solid medication. The particles are not completely dissolved and will settle to the bottom over time, which is why suspensions need to be shaken before use. Elixirs and syrups are also liquid preparations, but they do not contain particles of a solid medication. Reconstituted medication refers to a medication that has been mixed with a specific amount of liquid prior to administration.

Question 13

A solid disk of compressed medicated powder, which may be scored to permit breaking, is known as a:
A) suppository.
B) capsule.
C) tablet.
D) lozenge.

Accepted Answer

A tablet is a compressed solid disk of medicated powder that may be scored to permit breaking into smaller doses. Suppositories are typically bullet-shaped and inserted into the rectum or vagina, capsules are gelatin shells containing medication, and lozenges are small, flat disks designed to dissolve slowly in the mouth.

Question 14

Which of the following is appropriate for a subcutaneous injection of medication?
A) Volume of 1 mL or less
B) 18 gauge, ¾ʺ needle
C) Insertion of the needle at a 90-degree angle
D) Up to 2 mL of medication

Accepted Answer

A volume of 1 mL or less is appropriate for a subcutaneous injection because injecting larger volumes can cause discomfort or pain for the patient, as well as increase the risk of tissue damage or infection.

Answer: C 
 Inserting the needle at a 90-degree angle is appropriate for a subcutaneous injection because it allows for the medication to be delivered into the fatty tissue below the skin, which allows for a slower and more sustained release of the medication.

Therefore, the best choice would be A and C.

Question 15

Your patient is a 46-year-old with a history of pancreatitis. He has had abdominal pain and vomiting for 24 hours. The ED physician requests that you initiate an IV for rehydration. You will be using a 15 drops/mL infusion set to administer 250 mL of 5 percent dextrose in 0.9 percent NS per hour. What drip rate (at drops/minute) is needed to deliver the fluids at this rate?
A) 41
B) 63
C) 75
D) 100

Accepted Answer

To calculate the drip rate, first convert the mL/hour to drops/minute using the following formula: 
drops/minute = mL/hour x drop factor / 60

For this particular patient, the formula would be: 
drops/minute = 250 mL/hour x 15 drops/mL / 60 = 62.5 drops/minute

Rounding up to the nearest whole number, the correct answer is 63 drops/minute (Choice B).

Question 16

Your protocols call for a dopamine infusion beginning at 5 micrograms per kilogram per minute. You estimate that your patient weighs 190 pounds. Using a standard dopamine concentration of 800 mg in 500 mL, at what drip rate (in drops/minute) will you need to administer the infusion using microdrip tubing?
A) 27
B) 432
C) 4
D) 16

Accepted Answer

First, convert the patient's weight from pounds to kilograms: 190 lbs / 2.2 = approximately 86.36 kg. The dosage is 5 micrograms/kg/min, so the total dosage is 5 mcg x 86.36 kg = 431.8 mcg/min. Since the concentration is 800 mg in 500 mL, convert 800 mg to mcg (800,000 mcg) to keep units consistent. The concentration is then 800,000 mcg/500 mL = 1600 mcg/mL. To find the mL/min, divide the total dosage by the concentration: 431.8 mcg/min / 1600 mcg/mL = 0.27 mL/min. Using microdrip tubing (60 drops/mL), the drip rate is 0.27 mL/min x 60 drops/mL = 16.2 drops/min, which rounds to 16 drops/min.

Question 17

By which of the following routes will medication have the quickest onset of action?
A) Intramuscular
B) Subcutaneous
C) Oral
D) Intradermal

Accepted Answer

Intramuscular injections have a quicker onset of action compared to subcutaneous and oral routes. Intradermal route is used for diagnostic tests, and not for medications.

Question 18

Which of the following is a disadvantage to intravascular volume replacement with isotonic crystalloid solutions?
A) Two-thirds of the volume leaves the intravascular space within 1 hour.
B) Intracellular fluid shifts to the vascular space.
C) Sodium shifts into cells, and potassium shifts out of cells.
D) There is an immediate shift of vascular volume to the interstitial space.

Accepted Answer

Two-thirds of the volume administered with isotonic crystalloid solutions leave the intravascular space within one hour. This means that only a third of the volume administered will remain in the intravascular space to provide effective volume expansion.

Question 19

Your patient weighs 22 pounds and is to receive 0.02 mg/kg of atropine IV push. You have a multidose vial of atropine containing 20 mL at a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL. What volume (in mL) of medication is to be injected?
A) 0.5
B) 2.5
C) 0.25
D) 5

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient weighs 22 pounds and is...

Question 20

Which of the following is considered a site of central venous access?
A) Femoral vein
B) Median cephalic vein
C) External jugular vein
D) Saphenous vein

Accepted Answer

The femoral vein is a common site for central venous access, especially in emergency situations or when other sites are not accessible.

Quiz 14: Intravenous Access and Medication Administration

When preparing for venipuncture, a constricting band should be applied tight enough to restrict ________ flow.

Which of the following is a disadvantage of pulmonary drug administration via nebulizer or metered dose inhaler?

Which of the following would NOT be appropriate for intradermal drug administration?

Which of the following types of medication would be placed in a soufflé cup for administration to a patient?

You are to give your patient 50 mg of ketorolac (Toradol) IM for musculoskeletal pain. Ketorolac is supplied 60 mg/2 mL. What volume of drug (in mL) is to be drawn up for administration?

Into which of the following containers would it be necessary to inject a volume of air equal to the intended volume of medication before withdrawing the medication with a needle and syringe?

Which of the following is the appropriate method for preparing a site for venipuncture or injection?

A plastic or glass container with a self-sealing rubber top is known as a(n) :

Using microdrip IV tubing, how many drops of fluid equal 1 mL?

Administration of medication into the dorsal gluteal muscle must be injected into which quadrant of the muscle?

The maximum volume of medication to be delivered into the deltoid muscle is ________ mL.

A liquid preparation that contains small particles of a solid medication is known as a(n) :

A solid disk of compressed medicated powder, which may be scored to permit breaking, is known as a:

Which of the following is appropriate for a subcutaneous injection of medication?

By which of the following routes will medication have the quickest onset of action?

Which of the following is a disadvantage to intravascular volume replacement with isotonic crystalloid solutions?

Your patient weighs 22 pounds and is to receive 0.02 mg/kg of atropine IV push. You have a multidose vial of atropine containing 20 mL at a concentration of 0.04 mg/mL. What volume (in mL) of medication is to be injected?

Which of the following is considered a site of central venous access?