Question 1

Implicit personality theory refers to a person's beliefs about the relationships between another person's family background and personality.

Accepted Answer

Implicit personality theory refers to a person's beliefs about the relationships between certain personality traits. It does not involve family background.

Question 2

The belief that all members of a specific group share similar traits and behaviors is known as perceptual defense.

Accepted Answer

The belief that all members of a specific group share similar traits and behaviors is known as a stereotype, not perceptual defense. Perceptual defense is a psychological mechanism where people unconsciously protect themselves from threatening or anxiety-provoking stimuli.

Question 3

In Across Cultures Competency: According to Bryan Carmack, the manager of a McDonald's located in the Asian community of Los Angeles, the restaurant uses feng shui as a way to
A) make customers move quickly through their dining process.
B) make customers aware of Asian culture.
C) make the restaurant a peaceful place to be.
D) extend the use of existing supplies.

Accepted Answer

The article states that the McDonald's restaurant in the Asian community of Los Angeles uses feng shui to create a peaceful environment.

Question 4

Marcus thinks Katelyn's voice sounds rather masculine and somewhat cold. He is using implicit personality theory to make this judgment.

Accepted Answer

Implicit personality theory refers to the tendency to make assumptions about a person's personality traits based on limited information, such as their voice or appearance. In this case, Marcus is forming an impression of Katelyn's personality based on the sound of her voice, which is an example of implicit personality theory.

Question 5

Individuals who use impression management tactics but have low political skill are less likely to be viewed favorably and should avoid using those tactics.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Individuals who have low political skill, which refers to the ability to effectively navigate and influence social situations, are less likely to successfully use impression management tactics. This is because they may not be aware of the appropriate tactics to use, or they may not have the social skills to execute them effectively, which can lead to them being viewed unfavorably. Therefore, individuals with low political skill should avoid using impression management tactics and focus on developing their social skills.

Question 6

Listening is the process by which the individual selects, organizes, interprets, and responds to information.

Accepted Answer

Listening is primarily the process of receiving and understanding spoken or auditory information, while selecting, organizing, and interpreting information is more related to perception.

Question 7

Johan believes the parking lot attendant wants him to pull into the next spot because the attendant is waving at him and has a smile on his face. Which stage of the perception process is Johan using?
A) perceptual organization
B) response
C) perceptual selection
D) observation

Accepted Answer

Johan is in the perceptual organization stage, where he interprets and gives meaning to the sensory stimuli (the attendant's waving and smiling) based on his understanding of these cues.

Question 8

Nora was using impression management when she decided to wear her dark grey suit to the interview because she thought the bank manager would notice how professional she looked.

Accepted Answer

Nora's decision to wear a dark grey suit to the interview is an example of impression management, where she is intentionally presenting herself in a certain way to create a particular impression of herself in the eyes of the bank manager.

Question 9

Colin was relying on a perceptual set when he agreed to produce four cartons of the product for his customer because this was the same thing he provided the customer with last month.

Accepted Answer

Colin's decision to produce four cartons of the product was based on his previous experience and expectation, which is a characteristic of perceptual set.

Question 10

Claire is using self-fulfilling prophecy when she tries to focus on what her coworker is saying even though her phone is ringing and e-mail keeps pouring into her inbox.

Accepted Answer

Self-fulfilling prophecy refers to a prediction that directly or indirectly causes itself to become true, due to positive feedback between belief and behavior. Claire trying to focus despite distractions is an example of concentration or effort to pay attention, not a self-fulfilling prophecy.

Question 11

In Across Cultures Competency: The red accent color McDonald's uses in its restaurants in the Asian community of Los Angeles is used to symbolize laughter and prosperity.

Accepted Answer

In many Asian cultures, the color red is considered lucky and symbolizes happiness and prosperity. Therefore, McDonald's uses red accent colors in its restaurants in the Asian community of Los Angeles to appeal to these cultural beliefs.

Question 12

According to the attribution process, individual behavior is the result of random events.

Accepted Answer

The attribution process suggests that individual behavior is the result of a combination of internal dispositional factors and external situational factors, not just random events.

Question 13

In Learning from Experience: Even with multiple accusations of doping, the Lance Armstrong Foundation has always stood by its namesake founder.

Accepted Answer

The Lance Armstrong Foundation, now known as the Livestrong Foundation, distanced itself from Lance Armstrong following the doping scandal. Armstrong also stepped down from the board to avoid negatively impacting the foundation's work.

Question 14

In Learning from Experience: How did Allison Watkins, director of brand partnerships for the Lance Armstrong Foundation, respond when Armstrong personally apologized to the charity for his doping scandal?
A) She became angry and asked him to leave.
B) She cried because her career was ruined.
C) She applauded him for his courage.
D) She was skeptical and wondered if he was being sincere.

Accepted Answer

The article states that Watkins was "skeptical" when Armstrong apologized to the charity for his doping scandal.

Question 15

Lydia may have been guilty of similarity error when she selected Kevin for the job because he had attended the same college as Lydia, lived in her apartment complex, and also enjoyed playing golf.

Accepted Answer

Simlarity error refers to the tendency for individuals to favor people who are similar to themselves in some way, such as shared background or interests. In this case, Lydia's selection of Kevin may have been influenced by their shared college, apartment complex, and shared interest in golf, which could be considered similarity factors.

Question 16

When Kelly walked into the grocery store, she headed straight for the produce section and ignored the workers handing out free samples. What part of the perceptual process is she using?
A) interpretation
B) response
C) perceptual selection
D) perceptual organization

Accepted Answer

Kelly is engaging in perceptual selection by consciously choosing to focus on the produce section and ignoring the distractions of the workers handing out free samples.

Question 17

The Golem effect refers to the loss in performance which results from low expectations by the manager.

Accepted Answer

The Golem effect is a self-fulfilling prophecy where a manager's low expectations of an employee result in lower performance from that employee.

Question 18

In Ethics Competency: To save costs, the Gap clothing retailer no longer monitors the working conditions in factories where its products are made.

Accepted Answer

The statement is not ethical as it shows disregard for the working conditions of the workers who make their products, and the company's responsibility for ensuring fair labor practices. Gap has a social responsibility to monitor working conditions and take necessary action to ensure a safe and just working environment for workers.

Question 19

Caroline wasn't sure if her coworker was serious or joking when he said their department should boycott the next management meeting if they aren't guaranteed a pay raise. Which stage of the perception process is Caroline using?
A) interpretation
B) response
C) observation
D) perceptual selection

Accepted Answer

In this scenario, Caroline is trying to make sense of her coworker's statement and is unsure whether he is serious or joking. This is a classic example of interpretation, which is the stage of perception where we make sense of information based on our own experiences, expectations, and knowledge.

Question 20

In Self Competency, Doing Business in Asian Countries: When Arab businesspeople receive a gift, they will open it immediately

Accepted Answer

The statement is incorrect as it is referring to Arab businesspeople, whereas the article is about doing business in Asian countries. Opening a gift immediately may not necessarily be a universal practice in all Asian countries.

Quiz 3: Perceptions and Attributions