Top-down change is initiated and directed by top management. It usually includes all of the following implications except A) top-down change may be perceived as insensitive to the needs of lower-level personnel. B) top-down change may encounter excessive resistance. C) top-down change relies on the willingness of middle-level and lower-level managers to actively support top management initiatives. D) top-down change can be implemented effectively through the use of force. E) top-down change may fail due to insufficient commitment of lower-level employees to changing.

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The Answer of Top-down change is initiated and directed by top management. It usually includes all of the following implications except A) top-down change may be perceived as insensitive to the needs of lower-level personnel. B) top-down change may encounter excessive resistance. C) top-down change relies on the willingness of middle-level and lower-level managers to actively support top management initiatives. D) top-down change can be implemented effectively through the use of force. E) top-down change may fail due to insufficient commitment of lower-level employees to changing.

Top-Down Change Is Initiated and Directed by Top Management