Question 1

In haplodiploid societies a _____ produces female gametes by _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In haplodiploid societies a _____ produces female...

Question 2

In haplodiploid mating systems, nonqueen females are

Accepted Answer

The answer of In haplodiploid mating systems, nonqueen females are
...

Question 3

How many castes do bees have?

Accepted Answer

Bees have three castes which are queen, worker, and drone. The queen's primary task is reproduction, the workers are responsible for tasks related to the maintenance of the hive, and the drones are the male bees which mate with the queen.

Question 4

Which does NOT have a haplodiploid mating system?

Accepted Answer

Termites have a different mating system in which a pair of reproductives (one male and one female) establish a colony together and produce offspring together, rather than the haplodiploid system seen in ants, bees, and wasps.

Question 5

What prevents nondominant mole rats from reproducing?

Accepted Answer

The harassment by dominant members prevents nondominant mole rats from breeding. The dominant individuals will prevent the nondominant individuals from breeding through various behaviors such as attacking and chasing them away from potential mates or simply monopolizing access to mating partners.

Question 6

Which group does NOT contain a eusocial species?

Accepted Answer

Eusociality is characterized by cooperative brood care, overlapping generations within a colony of adults, and a division of labor into reproductive and non-reproductive groups. Corals do not exhibit these characteristics of eusociality; they are colonial but not eusocial. Termites, ants, and some mammals (like naked mole-rats) do show eusocial behavior.

Question 7

The worker caste in bees consists entirely of

Accepted Answer

The worker caste in bees consists entirely of reproductive females in an arrested stage of development, which means they are capable of laying eggs but do not do so because of behavior and hormonal constraints. They are responsible for tasks such as nursing, building and maintaining the hive, foraging for food, and protecting the colony.

Question 8

In hymenoptera, there is a strong asymmetry in the genetic relatedness of siblings. What is the coefficient of relatedness between female workers?

Accepted Answer

In hymenoptera, such as bees, ants, and wasps, female workers are more closely related to each other than to their own offspring due to haplodiploidy. They share 75% of their genes with their sisters, resulting in a coefficient of relatedness of 0.75.

Question 9

This table shows fitness data for 2 years in a population of kingfishers. Calculate the total inclusive fitness of the primary helper, secondary helper, and delayer for both years. Which strategy would be favoured?

Accepted Answer

The answer of This table shows fitness data for 2...

Question 10

Which is NOT a characteristic of a eusocial species?

Accepted Answer

Eusocial species are characterized by reproductive dominance by few individuals, such as a queen or a small number of males.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT an ecosystem process associated with eusocial insects?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT an...

Question 12

Eusociality exists

Accepted Answer

The answer of Eusociality exists
...

Question 13

If the direct fitness cost to a donor is 6 and the indirect fitness benefit to the recipient is 30, is altruistic behaviour likely to evolve between cousins? Is the altruistic behaviour likely to evolve between full siblings?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the direct fitness cost to a...

Question 14

Wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo) perform mating displays at leks alone or in coalitions of related males. In the coalitions, only dominant males copulate with females. Why do nondominant males join coalitions?

Accepted Answer

Nondominant males join coalitions to increase their inclusive fitness by helping a relative (usually a brother) to mate and pass on their shared genes. As a result, even if the nondominant male does not directly mate with a female, his genes can still be transmitted to future generations through his brother's offspring.

Question 15

How do termites prevent individuals other than the king and queen from reproducing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How do termites prevent individuals other than...

Question 16

Why would an individual in a social group of a diploid species help to rear the young of its siblings rather than reproducing itself? Describe the expected relative importance of direct and indirect fitness benefits and explain your answer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why would an individual in a social...

Question 17

In haplodiploid mating systems, males are

Accepted Answer

In haplodiploid mating systems, males are haploid and fertile. This is because they develop from unfertilized eggs and have only one set of chromosomes, while females are diploid and develop from fertilized eggs with two sets of chromosomes.

Question 18

In haplodiploid societies, which would be expected to show most cooperation?

Accepted Answer

Females in haplodiploid societies are more closely related to their sisters than they are to their own offspring, due to the fact that they share the same father but have different mothers. This creates a strong incentive for females to cooperate with their sisters in order to ensure the survival and reproduction of their shared genes. In contrast, males only pass on their genes to their own offspring, so they are expected to show less cooperation with other males. Therefore, an all-female group would be expected to show the most cooperation in haplodiploid societies.

Question 19

In termite colonies, which of the following does NOT reproduce?

Accepted Answer

Soldiers and reproductive termites (kings and queens) are both responsible for defending the colony, but soldiers do not reproduce. Drones are also reproductive termites, but their sole purpose is to mate with the queen and do not engage in other colony duties.

Question 20

The sex determination system in hymenopterans such as ants, bees, and wasps is

Accepted Answer

Hymenopterans have a haplodiploid sex determination system, where females have two sets of chromosomes (diploid) and males have only one set (haploid). This is because fertilized eggs develop into female workers or queens, while unfertilized eggs develop into male drones.

Quiz 10: Social Behaviours

In haplodiploid societies a _ produces female gametes by _.