Question 1

The four obstacles to logical thinking during the preoperational period include centration, focus on appearance, irreversibility, and _____.

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Question 2

_____ is a particular type of centration in which a child may insist that Mommy is his mother, not his cousin's aunt.

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The answer of _____ is a particular type of centration...

Question 3

Temporary, sensitive support set up to help children work in the zone of proximal development is called "_____."

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Question 4

Beginning around age 4, children go through a change in thinking that allows them to develop a set of ideas about other people's thinking; this new perspective indicates that the children have developed a(n) _____.

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Question 5

The belief that inanimate things (furniture, moon, clouds) is alive is called "_____."

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Question 6

_____ is the most apparent example of symbolic thought among young children.

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Question 7

A practical use of Vygotsky's theory involves ______, which refers to science, technology, engineering, and math.

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Question 8

_____ refers to the ability to use the mind to plan, remember, inhibit some impulses, and execute others.

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Question 9

The ______ function of speech occurs as mentors guide mentees in their zone of proximal development, learning numbers, recalling memories, and following routines.

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Question 10

Preschoolers make errors in conservation problems because they focus strictly on _____.

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Question 11

Early intervention programs are expensive, ranging from $6,000 to $18,000 annually per child. Why are these programs considered a "wise investment"?
A) Children who attend these programs score 15 to 30 points higher in IQ than their peers.
B) Preschoolers who attend these programs show significantly greater achievement in all academic areas when compared to national averages.
C) Most researchers actually disagree with the investment, arguing that the cost is too high.
D) The investment leads to decreased need for special education and other social services later on.

Accepted Answer

Early intervention programs are considered a wise investment because they lead to decreased need for special education and other social services later on, ultimately saving money in the long run. This has been shown in research studies and is one of the main reasons why these programs are funded by many governments and organizations. While they may be expensive upfront, the long-term benefits make them a worthwhile investment.

Question 12

The set of skills Javier can perform with assistance but not independently is considered to be within his _____.

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Question 13

_____ refers to preschoolers' tendency to view the world and others exclusively from their own personal perspective.

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Question 14

Three-year-old Theresa does not want to eat the hot dog her mother made because it has ketchup on it. Her mother wipes off the ketchup, but Theresa still will not eat it. This characteristic of preoperational thought, in which the child feels that a behavior cannot be undone or restored, is known as "_____."

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Question 15

The view that children's cognitive development is embedded in a social context originated with the work of _____.

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Question 16

The concept of _____ refers to the idea that children naturally construct theories to explain whatever they see and hear.

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Question 17

Xavier is shown two balls of Play-Doh that are identical in size. One of the balls is smashed flat and Xavier is asked if one ball contains more Play-Doh than the other. He responds, "No, they are still the same. See, I can roll this one back into a ball." Xavier understands ______.

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Question 18

The internal dialogue in which one talks to oneself either aloud or in one's mind is called "_____."

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Question 19

When 2- to 6-year-old children imitate an adult's action that is irrelevant, perhaps even inefficient, it is called "_____."

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Question 20

Jana always chooses the taller of two glasses when her older brother pours each of them a glass of juice. Even though there is the same amount of juice in each glass, she believes that there is more juice in hers. Jana does not yet understand the concept of "_____."

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The answer of Jana always chooses the taller of two...

Quiz 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development