Question 1

People with one anxiety disorder are MOST likely to:

Accepted Answer

Individuals with one anxiety disorder are likely to experience another anxiety disorder, too. This is due to the shared underlying symptoms and risk factors between different types of anxiety disorders.

Question 2

A person who is restless, keyed up, and on edge for no apparent reason is experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Restlessness, being keyed up, and being on edge without a specific trigger or cause is characteristic of free-floating anxiety. Specific anxiety would be associated with a particular phobia or fear, while fearful anxiety implies a sense of fear or panic, which is not necessarily present in this scenario. Obsessions refer to persistent and intrusive thoughts or impulses.

Question 3

"Phobic and generalized anxiety disorders arise when people stop looking at themselves honestly and with acceptance and instead deny and distort their true thoughts, emotions, and behavior." This explanation for anxiety disorders would MOST likely be offered by:

Accepted Answer

The explanation given emphasizes the importance of self-awareness and acceptance, which are concepts central to humanistic therapy. The other options focus on different factors as the cause of anxiety disorders. Behaviorists would emphasize the role of conditioning and reinforcement in shaping behavior, cognitive theorists would focus on maladaptive thought patterns, and sociocultural theorists would look at the impact of social and cultural factors on anxiety.

Question 4

Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies have in common:

Accepted Answer

Both psychodynamic and humanistic therapies have faced criticism for lacking strong support from controlled studies. However, this does not mean that they are not effective in some cases or that they do not have their own unique approaches to treatment.

Question 5

Fear differs from anxiety in that:

Accepted Answer

Fear is a response to a specific and immediate threat, while anxiety is a more general and diffuse feeling of fear or unease. Anxiety can be related to a particular situation or object, but it is not as specific as a fear response.

Question 6

How strong is the evidence supporting the usefulness of client-centered therapy for those with generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

While there may be some case reports of client-centered therapy being useful for those with generalized anxiety disorder, these reports are not strongly supported by controlled studies. Therefore, the evidence supporting the usefulness of client-centered therapy for this population is not very strong.

Question 7

If a person criticized everything he did, looking for flaws, and never could measure up to his personal standards, he would be exhibiting what Rogers called:

Accepted Answer

This behavior is showing that the person is operating with conditions of worth, meaning they only feel worthy of love and acceptance when they meet certain standards or expectations. They are constantly striving for perfection and judging themselves harshly when they fall short.

Question 8

Generalized anxiety disorder is MORE common:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Generalized anxiety disorder is MORE common:
...

Question 9

The MOST common mental disorders in the United States are:

Accepted Answer

Anxiety disorders are the most common type of mental disorders in the United States, affecting a significant portion of the population at some point in their lives.

Question 10

Which theory states that people develop generalized anxiety disorders because they failed to receive unconditional positive regard as children and evaluate themselves with conditions of worth?

Accepted Answer

Rogers's client-centered theory proposes that people develop various mental health problems, including anxiety, when they have not received unconditional positive regard in their early years. This lack of unconditional positive regard leads to the development of conditions of worth, where individuals evaluate themselves based on external standards, rather than their own internal experiences.

Question 11

Which theoretical position explains the origin of anxiety disorders as the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety?

Accepted Answer

The psychodynamic approach, specifically the theory of Sigmund Freud, suggests that anxiety disorders stem from the overrun of defense mechanisms by neurotic or moral anxiety. The unconscious conflicts and prohibited desires can create anxiety that may be repressed by defense mechanisms like repression, denial, and projection. When these defense mechanisms are overwhelmed or fail, anxiety disorders may arise.

Question 12

According to DSM-5, one must demonstrate which set of symptoms to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

According to DSM-5, in order to be diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder, one must demonstrate excessive worry and anxiety about a variety of life events or activities for at least six months, along with at least three of the following symptoms: restlessness or feeling on edge, easily fatigued, difficulty concentrating, irritability, muscle tension, and sleep disturbances. These symptoms must also cause significant distress or impairment in daily functioning. Thus, option B - excessive worry for six months, edginess, sleep changes, distress - is the correct choice.

Question 13

Someone interested in the effects of social change, poverty, and race on the risk for generalized anxiety disorders probably represents the _____ perspective.

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural perspective emphasizes the role of social factors, such as poverty and race, in shaping an individual's experiences and behavior. This perspective is particularly relevant for understanding the impact of social change on mental health. Generalized anxiety disorder is likely to be influenced by a range of social and cultural factors, including social norms, economic inequality, and access to healthcare resources.

Question 14

One limitation of the sociocultural approach to understanding generalized anxiety disorders is that it cannot explain:

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural approach focuses on how cultural and social factors contribute to the development and maintenance of psychological disorders. While it can explain how social and cultural factors may contribute to the development of generalized anxiety disorder, it cannot fully explain why some people who experience danger do not develop the disorder. Other factors such as individual differences in temperament and resilience may play a role. The other answer choices are not relevant to the limitations of the sociocultural approach.

Question 15

According to Freud, children who are prevented from expressing id impulses-making mud pies, playing war, and exploring their genitals-are at risk for developing:

Accepted Answer

Freud believed that neurotic anxiety arises when children are prevented from expressing their id impulses, leading to internal conflict between the id and the ego.

Question 16

According to Freud, children who are punished or threatened for expressing their id impulses may develop:

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Freud, children who are punished...

Question 17

"Who wouldn't be afraid all the time? We have the bomb, overpopulation, AIDS, and violent crime everywhere. It is difficult to get a good job unless you understand all that complicated computer junk." This complaint is consistent with a _____ explanation of generalized anxiety disorder.

Accepted Answer

The complaint reflects a sociocultural explanation of generalized anxiety disorder, which suggests that environmental factors such as overpopulation and violent crime may contribute to feelings of generalized anxiety.

Question 18

Leila always feels threatened and anxious-imagining something awful is about to happen. She is able to work and care for her family, although not as well as she would like. Leila is probably experiencing:

Accepted Answer

Leila's constant feelings of anxiety and worry suggest that she may be experiencing a generalized anxiety disorder, which is characterized by excessive and uncontrollable anxiety and worry about multiple events and activities in daily life. The fact that she is able to work and care for her family suggests that her anxiety may not be severe enough to inhibit her daily functioning, but it is still impacting her quality of life.

Question 19

According to Freud, a generalized anxiety disorder is MOST likely to result when:

Accepted Answer

According to Freud, anxiety stems from repressed impulses and conflicts in the unconscious mind. In order to cope with this anxiety, the ego (conscious mind) employs defense mechanisms. If these defense mechanisms are too weak or ineffective, the anxiety can become overwhelming and manifest as a generalized anxiety disorder.

Question 20

Which is an anxiety disorder?

Accepted Answer

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted, intrusive thoughts or obsessions, and repetitive behaviors or compulsions aimed at reducing anxiety or preventing a perceived harm. Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression are not anxiety disorders.

Quiz 5: Anxiety, Obsessive-Compulsive, and Related Disorders