Question 1

Which statement is MOST consistent with the use of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for depression?

Accepted Answer

ACT emphasizes acceptance of internal experiences, including negative thoughts and emotions, rather than attempting to eliminate them. Working with and accepting these experiences allows for more flexibility in behavior and ultimately can lead to improved mood and well-being.

Question 2

Which is the BEST example of interpersonal role transition?

Accepted Answer

Going away to college for the first time involves a significant shift in one's role and interactions with others, including adjusting to living independently, building new social connections, and navigating academic responsibilities. The other options may involve personal growth and changes but do not necessarily involve the same level of interpersonal role transition.

Question 3

Which is a correct match of person and approach?

Accepted Answer

Beck is primarily associated with cognitive therapy, which emphasizes the role of cognitions and beliefs in mental health and wellbeing.

Question 4

Which is MOST consistent with a contingency management approach?

Accepted Answer

Contingency management approach focuses on reinforcing desired behaviors and reducing or eliminating undesired behaviors by providing positive consequences (rewards) for positive actions. Praising the person for engaging in nondepressive activities is consistent with this approach. Providing sympathy (A) is not based on changing behavior and may even inadvertently reinforce depressive behavior. Limiting contact with family members (C) is not necessarily related to reinforcement of behavior. Analyzing irrational thoughts (D) could be a part of therapy but is not directly related to contingency management.

Question 5

Many of today's cognitive-behavioral therapists would agree that:

Accepted Answer

Many cognitive-behavioral therapists believe in accepting negative cognitions as part of the human experience rather than seeking to eliminate them entirely. This approach is known as the "third wave" of cognitive-behavioral therapy and includes techniques like mindfulness and acceptance and commitment therapy. However, this does not necessarily mean that Beck's approach should be completely abandoned or that therapy cannot be delivered in a group setting. The emphasis on individualization will depend on the specific needs and goals of the client.

Question 6

Which statement is true about research on the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for treating unipolar depression?

Accepted Answer

Research studies consistently show the effectiveness of cognitive therapy for treating unipolar depression.

Answer: C 
 Around 80 to 90 percent of those who undergo cognitive therapy for unipolar depression show significant improvement and almost total elimination of symptoms.

Therefore, the correct answer is A and C.

Question 7

A person experiencing unipolar depression writes in an activity schedule, "Go to store; doctor's appointment; visit museum; read novel; clean room." What treatment approach is this person MOST likely receiving?

Accepted Answer

The activity schedule suggests the person is engaging in behavioral activation, a component of cognitive therapy, which involves planning and engaging in activities to improve mood and counteract depression.

Question 8

Clients who test their assumptions about what is causing their depression are working in which phase of Beck's treatment program?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clients who test their assumptions about what...

Question 9

A therapist treating a patient for depression first finds out what activities the client once found pleasurable. These activities are then reintroduced into the patient's daily schedule. Which type of therapy is this therapist using?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is using behavioral therapy, specifically behavioral activation, to reintroduce pleasurable activities into the patient's daily schedule as a way of treating their depression. This therapy focuses on changing behavior patterns rather than exploring the underlying emotions or thoughts.

Question 10

If you are a member of a minority, you are:

Accepted Answer

Culturally sensitive therapy is designed to acknowledge and respect the cultural backgrounds of minority individuals, making it more likely to benefit them by addressing their specific cultural needs and perspectives.

Question 11

An individual with depression who is receiving therapy is told that many, even most of the negative thoughts that an individual experiences and records have no basis in fact. MOST likely, the therapist is:

Accepted Answer

The therapist is challenging automatic thoughts, which are often negative and may not be based in reality. By challenging these thoughts, the individual can learn to reframe them in a more positive or realistic light. This is a common technique used in cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Choices A, C, and D are not applicable to the situation described.

Question 12

Clients who tend to see everything that occurs as either all right or all wrong, with nothing in between, need to focus on which phase of Beck's treatment for depression?

Accepted Answer

Clients who see things in black-and-white terms are likely engaging in negative thinking and cognitive biases, which Beck's treatment addresses in the phase of identifying negative thinking and biases.

Question 13

Which is NOT a goal of the cultural-sensitive therapy movement?

Accepted Answer

The cultural-sensitive therapy movement does not advocate for therapy for minority clients to be delivered exclusively by minority therapists. Instead, it promotes the development of cultural competence among all therapists, regardless of their cultural background or that of their clients.

Question 14

Which is NOT a part of Beck's cognitive therapy for unipolar depression?

Accepted Answer

While discussing family dynamics and relationships may come up in therapy, it is not a specific part of Beck's cognitive therapy for depression. The other options, which focus on education and practical techniques for challenging negative thoughts and behaviors, are key elements of the therapy.

Question 15

If your therapist concentrated on helping you recognize and change negative thoughts and thus improve your mood, your therapist would be using:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapy focuses on identifying and restructuring negative thought patterns to improve mood and behavior.

Question 16

What kind of unipolar depression is behavioral treatment MOST effective in treating?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral treatment is most effective in treating mild depression. It involves specific strategies such as activity scheduling, problem-solving, and increasing positive reinforcement. Severe depression may require a combination of medication and therapy, while depression of sudden or gradual onset may require a different approach such as cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 17

Which statement is true about the research on the effectiveness of cognitive therapy in treating unipolar depression?

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown cognitive therapy to be an effective treatment for unipolar depression, with evidence suggesting that it can eliminate depressive symptoms in 50 to 60 percent of cases. There is no evidence to support option A or C, and option B is not entirely accurate as the majority of research conducted shows the effectiveness of cognitive therapy in treating depression.

Question 18

Which would a cognitive therapist be LEAST likely to say to you?

Accepted Answer

Cognitive therapists aim to help clients learn to analyze situations and think more positively. They would not encourage clients to evaluate situations in absolute terms of "black and white." Rather, they would encourage clients to see shades of gray and to challenge their negative automatic thoughts.

Question 19

"I do not know why you think you are a terrible surgeon. You have not lost a patient during an operation in two years. No one else in the city has that kind of record." Which orientation is MOST likely to describe the therapist who made this statement?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is focusing on the surgeon's thoughts and beliefs about his or her abilities, which is characteristic of the cognitive orientation.

Question 20

The "increasing activities and elevating mood" phase of Beck's treatment for depression:

Accepted Answer

The "increasing activities and elevating mood" phase of Beck's treatment for depression is focused on behavioral interventions, making the therapy cognitive-behavioral rather than purely cognitive. The goal is to increase the patient's level of activity and pleasure in life, which can in turn improve mood. This phase may or may not involve the use of antidepressant medication, depending on the specific case. Dichotomous thinking is addressed earlier in the therapy, during the identification and challenging of negative automatic thoughts.

Quiz 8: Treatments for Depressive and Bipolar Disorders