Question 1

Moonbeam's parents are very loving and accepting of her and believe in letting her "do her own thing," rather than trying to control her life. Moonbeam's parents most closely fit the __________ parenting style.
A) uninvolved
B) permissive
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

Accepted Answer

Moonbeam's parents are permissive because they allow her to make her own decisions and don't try to control her life.

Question 2

People and objects in an individual's immediate environment comprise an individual's
A) macrosystem.
B) mesosystem.
C) microsystem.
D) exosystem.

Accepted Answer

The microsystem refers to the immediate environment in which an individual interacts with people and objects on a daily basis. This includes family, peers, school, work, and neighborhood. The macrosystem refers to cultural norms and values, while the mesosystem refers to the connections between different microsystems. The exosystem refers to settings that indirectly affect the individual, such as the parents' workplace or the local government. Therefore, the microsystem is the most appropriate choice for this question.

Question 3

Most theorists view families from a contextual perspective that views
A) parents' actions as all that matter for children's development.
B) the family as a system of interacting elements, with parents and children influencing each other.
C) biological factors as the pivotal elements influencing development.
D) social systems outside the family as having little impact on development.

Accepted Answer

The contextual perspective sees the family as a system of interacting elements, with parents and children influencing each other. It is not solely focused on parents' actions, biological factors, or disregards the influence of social systems outside the family.

Question 4

Which of the following statements reflects good parenting practices?
A) Parents should exercise little control over their children.
B) Parents should be flexible and not enforce their rules consistently.
C) Parents should not explain their rules.
D) Parents should set standards that are appropriate for their child's age.

Accepted Answer

Setting age-appropriate standards is necessary for children to develop the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in life. It is important for parents to actively communicate their expectations to their children and explain why certain rules are in place. Consistency in enforcing rules helps children understand what is expected of them and helps them develop self-discipline.

Question 5

__________ parenting combines a fair degree of parental control with being warm and responsive to children.
A) Permissive
B) Uninvolved
C) Authoritarian
D) Authoritative

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parenting combines setting clear rules and expectations with being supportive and responsive to a child's needs. This type of parenting is generally seen as the most effective in promoting positive outcomes in children, such as high levels of self-esteem and academic achievement.

Question 6

The day after he discovered his parents were divorcing, Benji was upset by the news from home and picked a fight at school. Bronfenbrenner would describe this relationship between home and school environments as being part of the
A) exosystem.
B) microsystem.
C) macrosystem.
D) mesosystem.

Accepted Answer

The mesosystem refers to the interconnectedness of different microsystems, such as family and school. Benji's behavior at school was impacted by the news from his home, which suggests that these two microsystems are connected through the mesosystem. The exosystem involves indirect influences, such as parent's workplace, and the macrosystem involves larger cultural values and beliefs.

Question 7

According to the systems view of families,
A) parents influence their children, both directly and indirectly, but children do not influence their parents.
B) a family's neighborhood can affect family dynamics.
C) parents influence their children directly, but not indirectly.
D) a family's culture does not influence family dynamics.

Accepted Answer

According to the systems view of families, a family is seen as a complex system in which the individuals and subsystems within the family all interact and influence each other. This means that a family's neighborhood, as well as other external factors, can have an impact on family dynamics. The other choices are not accurate according to the systems view of families.

Question 8

Authoritarian parents exhibit __________ control and __________ warmth.
A) high; low
B) low; high
C) high; high
D) low; low

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parents exhibit high control over their children, demanding obedience, conformity, and adherence to rules and regulations. They tend to be strict disciplinarians who use discipline and punishment to control their children. At the same time, they exhibit low levels of warmth and nurturance, providing little emotional support or encouragement.

Question 9

Cultural influences are part of the
A) microsystem.
B) macrosystem.
C) mesosystem.
D) exosystem.

Accepted Answer

Cultural influences are part of the macrosystem, which refers to the larger cultural context in which individuals live. This includes things like societal norms, values, and cultural beliefs. Cultural influences can shape a person's development and impact their experiences in various other systems, such as the microsystem and mesosystem.

Question 10

According to Bronfenbrenner's theory,
A) events that happen in one microsystem do not influence other microsystems.
B) only one's immediate environment influences development.
C) individuals experience exosystems first hand.
D) the macrosystem is the broadest environmental context.

Accepted Answer

According to Bronfenbrenner's theory, the macrosystem is the broadest environmental context that includes cultural values, laws, and resources that affect individuals indirectly, and events in one microsystem can influence other microsystems. Option A is incorrect because events in one microsystem can influence other microsystems. Option B is incorrect because development is influenced by multiple environments, not just the immediate one. Option C is incorrect because individuals do not experience exosystems first hand, but they are affected by them through their connection to the microsystems they are part of.

Question 11

Authoritative parents
A) exert restrictive control over their children.
B) are firm, but warm and responsive to their children.
C) exert very little control over their children.
D) are not involved with their children.

Accepted Answer

Authoritative parents set clear boundaries and rules for their children, but also provide warmth and responsiveness. They encourage independence and decision-making while still maintaining a level of control.

Question 12

Parents who are warm and caring, but exert little control over their children have a(n) __________ parenting style.
A) authoritative
B) authoritarian
C) uninvolved
D) permissive

Accepted Answer

Permissive parenting is characterized by high warmth and low control, where parents are nurturing and accepting but place few demands or controls on the child.

Question 13

Richard is openly affectionate with his two sons and enjoys spending a great deal of time with them. Richard is high on the __________ dimension of parenting.
A) control
B) authoritarian
C) inhibition
D) warmth

Accepted Answer

Richard's behavior of being openly affectionate and enjoying spending time with his sons falls under the dimension of warmth in parenting, indicating a high level of emotional support and positive parenting.

Question 14

Parents who lay down rules for their children to follow without argument are showing which style of parenting?
A) authoritarian
B) authoritative
C) permissive
D) uninvolved

Accepted Answer

Authoritarian parents are those who expect obedience without questioning, and they may use punishment to enforce their rules.

Question 15

When Dustin asked his mother if he could spend the night at a friend's house on a Thursday night, his mother told him, "No, because that's a school night and you'd be tired at school the next day. Would you like to ask your friend to spend the night at our house on Friday?" Dustin's mother appears to take a(n) __________ approach to parenting.
A) permissive
B) uninvolved
C) authoritative
D) authoritarian

Accepted Answer

Dustin's mother demonstrates an authoritative approach by setting clear boundaries (not allowing a sleepover on a school night due to concerns about rest) while also being responsive to Dustin's desire to spend time with his friend (suggesting an alternative that meets both their needs). This balance of firmness and responsiveness is characteristic of authoritative parenting.

Question 16

__________ parents are neither warm nor controlling.
A) Uninvolved
B) Permissive
C) Authoritarian
D) Authoritative

Accepted Answer

Uninvolved parents are detached and do not place demands or restrictions on their children. They are not warm or controlling, making them the best fit for this scenario. Permissive parents are warm but not controlling, while authoritarian parents are controlling but not warm. Authoritative parents are both warm and controlling.

Question 17

The election of new school board members brought about a radical change of philosophy in Hannah's school system, which changed her teacher's behavior in the classroom. The indirect influence of the composition of the school board on Hannah in her school environment is an example of a(n)
A) mesosystem.
B) microsystem.
C) exosystem.
D) macrosystem.

Accepted Answer

The exosystem refers to a setting that does not involve the individual as an active participant, but still affects them. In this case, Hannah is not directly involved in the school board's decisions, but those decisions impact her school environment and her teacher's behavior, which in turn affects her. This is characteristic of the exosystem's indirect influence on an individual.

Question 18

The ______________ dimension reminds us that microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem are not static, but are often in flux.
A) endosystem
B) chronosystem
C) temperamental
D) ethological

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the temporal dimension of Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory is "chronosystem." This dimension emphasizes the dynamic nature of each level of influence and the importance of considering changes that occur over time.

Question 19

You are writing a pamphlet about effective parenting practices. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate to include in the pamphlet?
A) "Show your child who is boss. Allow no discussion, no questioning, no disobedience of your authority."
B) "Don't be rigid. Change your rules often and keep your children guessing."
C) "Communicate with your children. Explain your rules and encourage your children to ask questions if they don't understand or disagree with your standards."
D) "Keep your standards firm. Set standards for behavior at a young age, and keep them the same as your children get older."

Accepted Answer

C is the most appropriate choice because effective parenting involves open communication between parents and children. This approach encourages understanding and cooperation, and helps children learn the reasoning behind rules, which is more beneficial for their development compared to authoritarian, unpredictable, or inflexible parenting styles.

Question 20

Sean and Sybil's parents hear an announcement on TV that asks, "Parents, do you know where your children are?" Their answer is, "No, and we don't really want to know where they are." Sean and Sybil's parents are low on which dimension of parenting?
A) control
B) warmth
C) hostility
D) indifference

Accepted Answer

Sean and Sybil's parents are low on the control dimension of parenting, as they do not monitor or keep track of their children's whereabouts.

Quiz 14: Family Relationships

Moonbeam's parents are very loving and accepting of her and believe in letting her "do her own thing," rather than trying to control her life. Moonbeam's parents most closely fit the __________ parenting style.

People and objects in an individual's immediate environment comprise an individual's

Most theorists view families from a contextual perspective that views

Which of the following statements reflects good parenting practices?

__________ parenting combines a fair degree of parental control with being warm and responsive to children.

The day after he discovered his parents were divorcing, Benji was upset by the news from home and picked a fight at school. Bronfenbrenner would describe this relationship between home and school environments as being part of the

According to the systems view of families,

Authoritarian parents exhibit control and warmth.

Cultural influences are part of the

According to Bronfenbrenner's theory,

Authoritative parents

Parents who are warm and caring, but exert little control over their children have a(n) __________ parenting style.

Richard is openly affectionate with his two sons and enjoys spending a great deal of time with them. Richard is high on the __________ dimension of parenting.

Parents who lay down rules for their children to follow without argument are showing which style of parenting?

__________ parents are neither warm nor controlling.

The election of new school board members brought about a radical change of philosophy in Hannah's school system, which changed her teacher's behavior in the classroom. The indirect influence of the composition of the school board on Hannah in her school environment is an example of a(n)

The ______________ dimension reminds us that microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, and macrosystem are not static, but are often in flux.

You are writing a pamphlet about effective parenting practices. Which of the following statements would be most appropriate to include in the pamphlet?

Sean and Sybil's parents hear an announcement on TV that asks, "Parents, do you know where your children are?" Their answer is, "No, and we don't really want to know where they are." Sean and Sybil's parents are low on which dimension of parenting?