Question 1

The ability to use an effective memory strategy
A) does not change with age.
B) involves evaluating the effectiveness of a particular strategy for the task at hand.
C) does not influence how much one remembers.
D) is well-developed by the time children are seven years old.

Accepted Answer

Using an effective memory strategy involves evaluating the effectiveness of a particular strategy for the task at hand. It is not a fixed ability that remains constant with age or innate development.

Question 2

__________ involves the evaluation of a strategy to determine its effectiveness.
A) Rehearsal
B) Scripting
C) Summarizing
D) Monitoring

Accepted Answer

Monitoring involves observing and evaluating a strategy to determine if it is effective or if changes need to be made. Rehearsal and scripting refer to preparation techniques, while summarizing is a way to condense information.

Question 3

Young babies are
A) not able to remember events at all.
B) able to remember events for only a few seconds.
C) able to remember events for only a few hours.
D) able to remember events for days or weeks.

Accepted Answer

Young babies have the capacity to remember events for days or weeks, contrary to the common belief that they cannot remember anything. This has been demonstrated through various studies showing that infants can recall specific stimuli or experiences over extended periods.

Question 4

Activities that improve memory are called
A) memory strategies.
B) information processing.
C) sensory memory.
D) working memory.

Accepted Answer

Activities that improve memory are called memory strategies, as they are specific techniques, methods or approaches that are used to enhance or optimize memory performance. These strategies may involve the use of mnemonic devices, repetition, visualization, organization or other cognitive processes to encode, store and retrieve information more effectively. Examples of memory strategies include chunking, elaboration, association, rehearsal and self-testing. By using these techniques, individuals can improve their ability to remember and recall information, which can be particularly helpful for academic or professional pursuits, as well as for everyday life experiences.

Question 5

Elaboration is a memory strategy that involves
A) repetitively naming information that is to be remembered.
B) looking at or touching objects that are to be remembered.
C) placing related information together.
D) embellishing information to make it more memorable.

Accepted Answer

Elaboration as a memory strategy involves adding meaning or creating a rich context around the information to be remembered, making it more memorable by embellishing or expanding upon it. This can include forming mental images, creating associations, or linking new information to what one already knows.

Question 6

One day Ellie takes her 2-month-old baby, Eric, to her friend's home and puts him in a rocking cradle. Eric soon learns that if he wiggles and waves his arms the cradle will rock. Several weeks later, Ellie and
Eric return to the friend's house. How would you expect Eric to respond when he is once again placed in
The cradle?
A) Eric will not remember the cradle at all from his previous visit and will behave as if it was the first time he had been in the cradle.
B) Eric is likely to remember the cradle and start wiggling and waving his arms as soon as he is placed in the cradle.
C) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move only if Ellie gives him a cue by rocking the cradle right after he is put in it.
D) Eric is likely to remember how to make the cradle move, but will no longer be interested in making it move.

Accepted Answer

The answer of One day Ellie takes her 2-month-old baby,...

Question 7

Gene has discovered that even though he has underlined the most important information in the textbook, he does not know any of the material very well. What should he do?
A) He should determine the parts of the textbook he is not learning, and underline more in those parts of the textbook.
B) He should underline in a different color.
C) He should underline more selectively.
D) He should choose another memory strategy.

Accepted Answer

Underlining alone often does not lead to deep understanding or retention of material. Gene should explore other memory strategies such as summarizing, creating flashcards, teaching the material to someone else, or using mnemonic devices to enhance learning and memory.

Question 8

Your friend is having a hard time remembering the main points of his psychology textbook. If he asks you to recommend a memory strategy, which one would you suggest?
A) Touch the sentences that contain the main points as you read them.
B) Read the sentences that contain the main points over and over.
C) Outline or write a summary of the main points.
D) Read the assigned twice.

Accepted Answer

Outlining or writing a summary of the main points is a proven memory strategy that can help with retention and recall. It forces the brain to process and organize the information in a meaningful way. The other options may not be as effective as outlining or summarizing.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT involved in successful learning and remembering?
A) using rehearsal because it is the most effective memory strategy
B) identifying the goals of a memory problem
C) choosing an effective memory strategy
D) monitoring the effectiveness of the chosen memory strategy

Accepted Answer

While rehearsal can be an effective memory strategy, it is not the only one and may not always be the best choice for a given memory task. Successful learning and remembering requires the ability to identify goals, choose appropriate strategies, and monitor their effectiveness.

Question 10

When Rovee-Collier and her colleagues attached a ribbon from a mobile to 2- to 3-month-old infants' legs, so infants learned to kick to make the mobile move, they found that when they returned to the babies' homes several days later the babies
A) had forgotten that kicking made the mobile move.
B) would still kick to make the mobile move.
C) had lost interest in the mobile.
D) would cry when they saw the mobile.

Accepted Answer

Rovee-Collier and her colleagues found that infants who had learned to kick to make the mobile move would still kick to make the mobile move several days later, indicating that they had retained the memory of the association between kicking and mobile movement.

Question 11

After Tina outlined a
A) rehearsing
B) monitoring
C) scripting
D) distorting

Accepted Answer

The word "outlined" suggests that Tina is monitoring or keeping track of something. Rehearsing, scripting, and distorting do not fit as well with this context.

Question 12

The brain structures primarily responsible for the initial storage of information - including the hippocampus and frontal cortex - seem to develop by
A) 3 months of age.
B) 6 months of age.
C) 12 months of age.
D) 2 years of age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The brain structures primarily responsible for the...

Question 13

Structuring information to be remembered, so that related information is placed together, is a memory strategy known as
A) organization.
B) rehearsal.
C) elaboration.
D) metacognition.

Accepted Answer

Organization involves grouping related information together to make it easier to remember. This can involve grouping by categories, similarities, or any other meaningful connections. Rehearsal involves repetition of information, elaboration involves adding additional details or connections to the information, and metacognition involves thinking about one's own thinking processes.

Question 14

As Wendy read her textbook, she wrote summaries of each section. When she met with her study group, she was able to answer many, but not all of the questions posed by her study group. What should she do next?
A) She should choose a different memory strategy.
B) She should keep using her current strategy, but concentrate on summarizing parts of the textbook she knows least well.
C) She should stop studying because she used an effective memory strategy and knows most of the material already.
D) She should stop going to the study group and study by herself.

Accepted Answer

Wendy should continue using her current strategy of summarizing each section of the textbook, but focus on the parts she knows least well. This will help her fill in any gaps in her knowledge and improve her ability to answer questions posed by her study group. Choosing a completely different memory strategy may not be necessary or effective, and stopping studying or attending the study group would not lead to improvement.

Question 15

Which memory strategy is a preschooler most likely to use?
A) rehearsing information over and over
B) outlining information they are supposed to remember
C) summarizing information they are told to remember
D) looking at or touching a to-be-remembered object

Accepted Answer

Preschoolers are more likely to use sensory memory strategies, such as looking at or touching a to-be-remembered object, rather than more advanced strategies like rehearsing or summarizing information.

Question 16

Rovee-Collier's experiments in which two- to three-month-month-old infants learned to kick to make a mobile move showed that 2- to 3-month-old infants
A) are not able to remember events from the past.
B) can remember events from the past for a few days or weeks, but over time will not be able to recall the event even if given a memory cue.
C) can remember events from the past for a few days or weeks, but over time will not be able to recall the event unless given a memory cue.
D) can remember events from the past for months without being given a memory cue.

Accepted Answer

Rovee-Collier's experiments showed that 2- to 3-month-old infants could retain the learned association between kicking and the mobile's movement for a few days or weeks, but over time would not be able to recall the event unless given a memory cue. This suggests that their memory is not long-lasting or permanent without cues to help retrieve the memory. Therefore, option C is the best choice as it accurately reflects the findings of the experiment. Options A and B are incorrect because Rovee-Collier's experiments did not show that infants are unable to remember events from the past or remember events for only a few days or weeks. Option D is also incorrect because the experiments did not show that infants could remember events from the past for months without a memory cue.

Question 17

__________ is a strategy of repetitively naming information that is to be remembered.
A) Outlining
B) Rehearsal
C) Monitoring
D) Summarizing

Accepted Answer

Rehearsal is a strategy of repetitively naming or repeating information that is to be remembered. This helps in transferring the information from short-term memory to long-term memory. Outlining, monitoring, and summarizing are other study strategies that involve organizing, evaluating, and condensing information.

Question 18

Four-year-old Jasmine is asked to remember objects on a tray that she is shown for one minute. During the minute she is shown the objects, Jasmine looks at and touches each object. Jasmine is
A) using a memory strategy.
B) using a script.
C) monitoring.
D) testing an alternate hypothesis.

Accepted Answer

Jasmine is actively looking at and touching each object, which indicates that she is using a memory strategy such as rehearsal or elaboration to help her remember the objects on the tray.

Question 19

Preschool children typically use which of the following memory strategies?
A) they organize to-be-remembered information
B) they use rehearsal
C) they use elaboration.
D) they touch objects that they are asked to remember

Accepted Answer

Preschool children often use sensory and motor strategies to help encode and remember information. The strategy of touching objects that they are asked to remember is an example of a sensory strategy. While some preschoolers may engage in organizing, rehearsal, or elaboration, these more advanced memory strategies are not typically seen in young children.

Question 20

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's work on infant memory in which she taught infants to kick to make a crib mobile move indicated that
A) infants could not remember an event for more than a day or two.
B) after several weeks infants forgot how to move the mobile and they could not be reminded.
C) after several weeks infants had forgotten how to move the mobile, but a single reminder helped them to remember.
D) infants never forgot how to move the mobile.

Accepted Answer

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's work revealed that after several weeks, infants had forgotten how to move the mobile, but a single reminder helped them remember. This indicates that infants have the ability to retain memories for a longer period of time than previously thought and can also benefit from reminders to retrieve those memories.

Quiz 7: Cognitive Processes and Academic Skills

The ability to use an effective memory strategy

__________ involves the evaluation of a strategy to determine its effectiveness.

Young babies are

Activities that improve memory are called

Elaboration is a memory strategy that involves

Gene has discovered that even though he has underlined the most important information in the textbook, he does not know any of the material very well. What should he do?

Your friend is having a hard time remembering the main points of his psychology textbook. If he asks you to recommend a memory strategy, which one would you suggest?

Which of the following is NOT involved in successful learning and remembering?

When Rovee-Collier and her colleagues attached a ribbon from a mobile to 2- to 3-month-old infants' legs, so infants learned to kick to make the mobile move, they found that when they returned to the babies' homes several days later the babies

After Tina outlined a

The brain structures primarily responsible for the initial storage of information - including the hippocampus and frontal cortex - seem to develop by

Structuring information to be remembered, so that related information is placed together, is a memory strategy known as

As Wendy read her textbook, she wrote summaries of each section. When she met with her study group, she was able to answer many, but not all of the questions posed by her study group. What should she do next?

Which memory strategy is a preschooler most likely to use?

Rovee-Collier's experiments in which two- to three-month-month-old infants learned to kick to make a mobile move showed that 2- to 3-month-old infants

__________ is a strategy of repetitively naming information that is to be remembered.

Four-year-old Jasmine is asked to remember objects on a tray that she is shown for one minute. During the minute she is shown the objects, Jasmine looks at and touches each object. Jasmine is

Preschool children typically use which of the following memory strategies?

Carolyn Rovee-Collier's work on infant memory in which she taught infants to kick to make a crib mobile move indicated that