Question 1

Even though the image of your dog on your retina changes as your dog runs to fetch a stick, you do not perceive your dog as getting smaller. Which process of perception explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy refers to the perception of objects as maintaining their size, shape, color, and other physical properties despite changes in the sensory information that is received by the eyes or other sense organs. In this case, even though the image of the dog on the retina changes as it runs towards the stick, the brain uses knowledge of the dog's typical size and shape to perceive it as remaining the same size. Retinal constancy refers to the perception of an object as maintaining its brightness despite changes in the amount of light that falls on the retina, while depth perception refers to the ability to perceive the relative distance of objects in the visual field. Retinal disparity refers to the difference in the image seen by each eye, which is used by the brain to perceive depth.

Question 2

Which of the following is a binocular cue used to perceive depth?

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity refers to the slight difference in the images projected onto the retina of each eye. The brain uses these differences to perceive depth and create a three-dimensional image.

Question 3

We experience the moon illusion because _____.

Accepted Answer

The moon illusion occurs because the brain misapplies information about distance when the moon is near the horizon, making it appear larger due to surrounding objects providing depth cues.

Question 4

An airplane speeds down a runway lined by red and green lights as it prepares for takeoff. In the distance, the parallel red and green lights appear to converge. This is BEST explained by the _____ depth cue of _____.

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described can be explained by the monocular depth cue of linear perspective, which is the tendency for parallel lines to appear to converge when viewed from a distance. Retinal disparity is a binocular depth cue that involves the differences between the images received by each eye, which is not applicable to this situation.

Question 5

Depth cues requiring information from both eyes is to _____ as depth cues requiring information from one eye is to _____.

Accepted Answer

Depth cues requiring information from both eyes are referred to as binocular cues, while depth cues that can be perceived with just one eye are known as monocular cues.

Question 6

Retinal disparity is a _____ cue to depth perception. As we focus on an object and the object moves closer to us, retinal disparity _____.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity is a binocular cue to depth perception, meaning it relies on both eyes working together. As an object moves closer, the amount of retinal disparity increases, which helps us perceive the object's depth. Therefore, the correct answer is C - binocular; increases.

Question 7

In the Ponzo illusion, although the size of the retinal image is the same for both bars, the depth perception cue of _____ leads us to misperceive the top bar as farther away. Therefore, we conclude the top bar is _____.

Accepted Answer

The Ponzo illusion involves the depth perception cue of linear perspective, which makes the top bar appear farther away. Since it is perceived as farther but has the same retinal image size as the closer bar, our brain interprets it as being larger.

Question 8

Although the retinal image changes, we easily recognize the rectangular shape of a door whether it is closed, partially open, or completely open. This is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy allows us to recognize objects despite changes in their retinal image. In this case, we are able to recognize the rectangular shape of a door regardless of whether it is closed, partially open, or completely open.

Question 9

Which statement(s) about subjective contours is (are) TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Subjective contours occur when our brain perceives the contours or shapes that are not actually present in the stimulus. These contours are formed by the illusory perception of lines that are completed by the brain even though those lines do not actually exist. So, option B is true because subjective contours contain lines that appear to be present but in fact are absent. Option A is not true because subjective contours are formed even when the Gestalt principle of closure is applied. Option C is not true because subjective contours occur due to higher-level cognitive processing rather than bottom-up processing.

Question 10

_____ is a monocular depth cue referring to the fact that if one object partially blocks our view of another, we perceive the partially blocked object as farther from us.

Accepted Answer

Interposition is when one object partially blocks our view of another, making us perceive the partially blocked object as farther away. Retinal disparity refers to the difference in the images that the two eyes perceive due to their slightly different positions. Linear perspective refers to the fact that parallel lines appear to converge in the distance. Closure refers to the tendency to perceive incomplete figures as complete.

Question 11

Retinal disparity is a _____ depth cue in which the relationship between retinal image disparity and the distance of an object is _____.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity is a binocular cue, meaning it relies on comparing the images from each eye to create the perception of depth. The relationship between retinal image disparity (the difference between the images on each retina) and distance is inverse, meaning as the object gets closer, the disparity between the retinal images gets larger.

Question 12

When the moon is on the horizon, the size of the moon's retinal image is _____ when the moon is overhead. Distance cues lead us to believe that the horizon moon is _____.

Accepted Answer

The size of the moon's retinal image is the same whether it is on the horizon or overhead, but distance cues (such as the presence of objects on the horizon) make the horizon moon appear farther away, leading to the moon illusion.

Question 13

Retinal disparity _____ when objects are closer to us and _____ as objects move away from us.

Accepted Answer

Retinal disparity increases when objects are closer to us because there is a greater difference between the images on each retina. As objects move away from us, the difference between the images on each retina decreases, resulting in a decrease in retinal disparity.

Quiz 3: Section 2: Sensation and Perception

Even though the image of your dog on your retina changes as your dog runs to fetch a stick, you do not perceive your dog as getting smaller. Which process of perception explains this phenomenon?

Which of the following is a binocular cue used to perceive depth?

We experience the moon illusion because _____.

An airplane speeds down a runway lined by red and green lights as it prepares for takeoff. In the distance, the parallel red and green lights appear to converge. This is BEST explained by the _ depth cue of _.

Depth cues requiring information from both eyes is to _ as depth cues requiring information from one eye is to _.

Retinal disparity is a _ cue to depth perception. As we focus on an object and the object moves closer to us, retinal disparity _.

In the Ponzo illusion, although the size of the retinal image is the same for both bars, the depth perception cue of _ leads us to misperceive the top bar as farther away. Therefore, we conclude the top bar is _.

Although the retinal image changes, we easily recognize the rectangular shape of a door whether it is closed, partially open, or completely open. This is an example of _____.

Which statement(s) about subjective contours is (are) TRUE?

_____ is a monocular depth cue referring to the fact that if one object partially blocks our view of another, we perceive the partially blocked object as farther from us.

Retinal disparity is a _ depth cue in which the relationship between retinal image disparity and the distance of an object is _.

When the moon is on the horizon, the size of the moon's retinal image is _ when the moon is overhead. Distance cues lead us to believe that the horizon moon is _.

Retinal disparity _ when objects are closer to us and _ as objects move away from us.