Question 1

After learning the phone number for Five Star Pizza, Bob cannot remember the phone number he learned last week for the Donut Connection. After living in Los Angeles for three years, Jim is unable to remember his way around his hometown in which he had lived the previous 10 years prior to moving to Los Angeles. Bob is experiencing the effects of _____ interference, and Jim is experiencing the effects of _____.

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

Which type of memory holds sensory input until we can attend to and recognize it?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory holds sensory input until we can attend to and recognize it. This type of memory is very brief and only lasts a few seconds. Short-term memory refers to the temporary storage of information that is currently being used or processed. Semantic memory and episodic memory are different types of long-term memory that store general knowledge and personal experiences, respectively.

Question 3

Per levels-of-processing theory, which question about the word "depressed" would BEST prepare you to correctly remember tomorrow that you had seen the word in this practice test today?

Accepted Answer

According to levels-of-processing theory, deeper processing leads to better memory retention. Therefore, a question that requires deeper processing, such as linking the word to personal relevance (e.g. asking how well it describes you), would result in better memory retention compared to surface-level questions, such as whether the word is typed in capital letters, or if it rhymes with another word.

Question 4

Our short-term memory capacity is _____ $\pm$ 2 chunks.

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is 7 chunks. This is based on the research by psychologist George A. Miller, who proposed that the average number of objects an individual can hold in short-term memory is about seven items, give or take two. This concept is often summarized as "the magical number seven, plus or minus two."

Question 5

The results for the experiment in which word lists were studied on land or underwater and then recalled either on land or underwater provide evidence for _____.

Accepted Answer

The results of the experiment indicate that the ability to recall the word lists is influenced by the environmental context in which the information is encoded and retrieved. This is an example of encoding specificity, which suggests that memory performance is improved when the context at both encoding and retrieval matches.

Question 6

Piaget's false memory of a kidnapping attempt when he was a child was the result of _____.

Accepted Answer

Piaget's false memory of a kidnapping attempt was the result of source misattribution, which occurs when a person remembers information correctly but attributes it to the wrong source. In this case, Piaget had heard a story about a kidnapping attempt and incorporated it into his own memories, attributing it as a personal experience. Infantile amnesia, encoding failure, and storage decay are not directly related to Piaget's false memory in this case.

Question 7

In the Loftus and Palmer experiment, participants were shown a film of a traffic accident and then later tested for their memory of it. The finding that memory differed based on the specific words used in the test questions illustrated _____.

Accepted Answer

The finding that memory differed based on the specific words used in the test questions illustrates the misinformation effect. This effect occurs when a person's recall of an event is altered by misleading information presented after the event has occurred. In this case, the wording of the questions presented to participants after the traffic accident influenced their memory of the event.

Question 8

Which theory of forgetting argues that the forgotten information was in long-term memory but is no longer available?

Accepted Answer

Storage decay theory argues that information is in long-term memory but fades over time if it is not used or rehearsed, making it no longer available.

Question 9

Which is NOT a mnemonic aid?

Accepted Answer

The temporal integration procedure is not a commonly known mnemonic aid, while the other options (method of loci, peg-word system, and first-letter technique) are well-established and widely used techniques for improving memory recall.

Question 10

The primacy and recency effects in free recall demonstrate that we have the greatest difficulty recalling the words _____ of a list.

Accepted Answer

The primacy effect refers to better recall of items at the beginning of a list, and the recency effect refers to better recall of items at the end of a list. Therefore, we have the greatest difficulty recalling items in the middle of a list.

Question 11

Which type of memory has the shortest duration?

Accepted Answer

Sensory memory has the shortest duration, typically lasting only a few seconds. It is responsible for quickly capturing information from our senses, such as sights or sounds, before it is either forgotten or moved into short-term memory.

Question 12

An essay test measures _____, and a multiple-choice test measures _____.

Accepted Answer

An essay test measures the ability to recall information and put it into written form, whereas a multiple-choice test measures the ability to recognize correct answers from a set of options provided. Therefore, option B is the correct choice as it accurately reflects these distinctions.

Question 13

The forgetting curve for long-term memory in Ebbinghaus's relearning studies with nonsense syllables indicates that _____.

Accepted Answer

Ebbinghaus's research found that the greatest amount of forgetting occurs fairly quickly after initial learning, with a steep drop in memory retention within the first hour or so. After that, the rate of forgetting slows down and levels off. This pattern is known as the forgetting curve. Option A correctly reflects this pattern.

Question 14

Which of the following leads to the best long-term memory?

Accepted Answer

Elaborative rehearsal involves a deeper level of processing which involves making meaningful connections to existing memory and knowledge. This type of rehearsal is more effective in creating long-term memory compared to maintenance rehearsal (simply repeating information) or physical and acoustic processing (focusing on the physical characteristics or sound of the information).

Question 15

Procedural memories are _____ memories and thus are probably processed in the _____.

Accepted Answer

Procedural memories are a type of implicit memory, meaning they are unconsciously learned and not easily verbalized. The cerebellum is responsible for the formation and storage of procedural memories, whereas the hippocampus is associated with explicit memory, such as episodic and semantic memories. Therefore, option D (implicit; cerebellum) is the correct choice.

Quiz 5: Section 3:memory

Which type of memory holds sensory input until we can attend to and recognize it?

Per levels-of-processing theory, which question about the word "depressed" would BEST prepare you to correctly remember tomorrow that you had seen the word in this practice test today?

Our short-term memory capacity is _____ $\pm$ 2 chunks.

The results for the experiment in which word lists were studied on land or underwater and then recalled either on land or underwater provide evidence for _____.

Piaget's false memory of a kidnapping attempt when he was a child was the result of _____.

In the Loftus and Palmer experiment, participants were shown a film of a traffic accident and then later tested for their memory of it. The finding that memory differed based on the specific words used in the test questions illustrated _____.

Which theory of forgetting argues that the forgotten information was in long-term memory but is no longer available?

Which is NOT a mnemonic aid?

The primacy and recency effects in free recall demonstrate that we have the greatest difficulty recalling the words _____ of a list.

Which type of memory has the shortest duration?

An essay test measures _, and a multiple-choice test measures _.

The forgetting curve for long-term memory in Ebbinghaus's relearning studies with nonsense syllables indicates that _____.

Which of the following leads to the best long-term memory?

Procedural memories are _ memories and thus are probably processed in the _.

Quiz 5: Section 3:memory

Which type of memory holds sensory input until we can attend to and recognize it?

Per levels-of-processing theory, which question about the word "depressed" would BEST prepare you to correctly remember tomorrow that you had seen the word in this practice test today?

Our short-term memory capacity is _____ ±\pm± 2 chunks.

The results for the experiment in which word lists were studied on land or underwater and then recalled either on land or underwater provide evidence for _____.

Piaget's false memory of a kidnapping attempt when he was a child was the result of _____.

In the Loftus and Palmer experiment, participants were shown a film of a traffic accident and then later tested for their memory of it. The finding that memory differed based on the specific words used in the test questions illustrated _____.

Which theory of forgetting argues that the forgotten information was in long-term memory but is no longer available?

Which is NOT a mnemonic aid?

The primacy and recency effects in free recall demonstrate that we have the greatest difficulty recalling the words _____ of a list.

Which type of memory has the shortest duration?

An essay test measures _____, and a multiple-choice test measures _____.

The forgetting curve for long-term memory in Ebbinghaus's relearning studies with nonsense syllables indicates that _____.

Which of the following leads to the best long-term memory?

Procedural memories are _____ memories and thus are probably processed in the _____.

Our short-term memory capacity is _____ $\pm$ 2 chunks.

An essay test measures _, and a multiple-choice test measures _.

Procedural memories are _ memories and thus are probably processed in the _.