Question 1

Briefly explain what is meant by impression management and describe the tactics often used.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

If you get fired from a job,and then get an interview for a new job,what should you not do at the interview:

Accepted Answer

Talking negatively about your former employer during an interview is never a good idea as it reflects poorly on your professionalism and may make the interviewer question your ability to work well with others. It's important to stay positive and focus on highlighting your skills and qualifications for the new job. Dressing neatly, having an exit statement prepared, and arriving on time are all important factors for making a good impression during an interview.

Question 3

Define perception and briefly list the basic elements in the perceptual process in the order in which they occur.

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Question 4

Some cultural differences exist in the fundamental attribution error.For example,in North America,this type of error would be underestimating external causes and overestimating internal causes.In India,the common attribution error is:

Accepted Answer

The common attribution error in India is overestimating external causes and underestimating internal causes, which is the opposite of the common attribution error in North America.

Question 5

For low-status employees,supervisors are more likely to attribute ineffective performance to:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that supervisors are more likely to attribute ineffective performance to internal causes, such as lack of ability or effort, for low-status employees. This bias is known as the fundamental attribution error, where people tend to overemphasize dispositional (internal) explanations for behavior, especially for those they perceive to have lower status or power.

Question 6

All of the following are examples of constructive suggestions for undertaking a job search after being fired,except:

Accepted Answer

Explaining any problems caused by the former employer in detail may come across as defensive or blaming and could potentially harm future job prospects. It is better to focus on discussing your own strengths and qualifications.

Question 7

Describe the major elements in the perceptual process.

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Question 8

Explain why perceptual accuracy in person perception is important in the employment interview.Give an example of a common interview error.

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Question 9

For high-status employees,supervisors are more likely to attribute effective performance to:

Accepted Answer

High-status employees are often seen as having more control over their work and are therefore more likely to be attributed to internal causes, such as their skills and abilities, for effective performance.

Question 10

After failing the Bar Exam following law school,Alice became depressed and required counseling.She took the test again and passed.Afterward,she encouraged all her classmates who failed their first attempts to get counseling.Explain which of the five perceptual errors may be operating here,and why.

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Question 11

Ford Motor Company has just announced that it will be laying off 10 percent of its manufacturing workforce,with layoff decisions based upon supervisor's evaluation of employee performance (i.e. ,the more poorly performing workers are to be laid off).Supervisors should be careful to avoid ____ in their judgments about employee performance if they hope to avoid charges of discrimination or wrongful discharge by disgruntled employees.

Accepted Answer

The fundamental attribution error is the tendency to overemphasize dispositional (internal) explanations for the behavior of others rather than situational (external) factors. If supervisors make layoff decisions based solely on their evaluation of employee performance, they may be prone to attributing poor performance to dispositional factors rather than situational factors, such as lack of training or resources, which could lead to unfair discrimination or wrongful discharge claims.

Question 12

According to Ethics Competency: The Gap,Dan Henkle,The Gap's Vice President for Social Responsibility,took which of the following actions to improve their factory practices and working conditions:

Accepted Answer

According to the article, The Gap's Vice President for Social Responsibility, Dan Henkle, took all of these actions to improve their factory practices and working conditions: building an elaborate monitoring system, outlining specific goals for each of its supplier factories, and meeting with labor-advocacy groups to clarify the Gap's labor policies. Therefore, the best answer is D.

Question 13

When employees accept responsibility for good performance but deny responsibility for poor performance,they are demonstrating:

Accepted Answer

The employees are exhibiting self-serving bias, which is the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors.

Question 14

Internal attributions are:

Accepted Answer

Internal attributions refer to the belief that a person's achievements or failures are due to their own abilities and efforts rather than external factors.

Question 15

All of the following are among the causal factors to which individual's often attribute success or failure except:

Accepted Answer

Attitude is not typically considered a causal factor to which individuals attribute success or failure in the context of this question. Instead, factors like task difficulty, ability, and luck are more commonly cited as reasons for outcomes.

Question 16

Mark had an opportunity to attend a Boston Celtics vs Lakers game on the night before his organizational behavior final exam.He decided that he had studied enough by that time,and went off to enjoy the game with his friends.A week later,he discovered that he had gotten a grade of "D" on the final exam.Mark then concluded that the exam was so hard,his grade wouldn't have been any better even if he had studied more.Mark has probably just experienced:

Accepted Answer

Mark is exhibiting the self-serving bias, as he is attributing his poor grade to external factors (the exam being too hard) rather than taking responsibility for not studying enough. He is protecting his self-esteem by making excuses for his performance.

Question 17

Explain how attributions influence behavior.

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Question 18

According to Ethics Competency: The Gap,High worker turnover (more than 60 percent)is common in the apparel industry and is a significant contributor to production costs.The Gap found that good factory practices and better working conditions lead to these results:

Accepted Answer

All of these statements are true according to the Ethics Competency report. Good factory practices and better working conditions lead to lower turnover, factory managers with good relationships with buyers have better human resource management and lower management turnover, and a factory's production efficiency decreases with an increase in turnover.

Question 19

Peter gives preference to African-Americans in try-outs to the company basketball team because he believes that they will perform better in the long run than others.Explain which of the five perceptual errors may be operating here,and why.

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Question 20

Define person perception,and describe the relationship of this process to the more general process of perception.

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Quiz 4: Perceptions and Attributions