Question 1

Compared with women,men use conversation to focus on
A) exploring relationships.
B) solving problems.
C) obtaining feedback on their views.
D) demonstrating empathy.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that men tend to use conversation as a means of solving problems, whereas women tend to use it as a means of exploring relationships and obtaining feedback on their views. Men often approach conversation as a form of competition and strive to assert their dominance or knowledge on a particular topic.

Question 2

The social norm that has most clearly contributed to gender bias in the workplace is the belief that
A) men should exercise a more democratic leadership style than women.
B) men should more readily apologize for being impolite than women.
C) men should place more emphasis on achievement and power than women.
D) men should more readily express support for others' opinions than women.

Accepted Answer

The belief that men should place more emphasis on achievement and power than women has contributed to gender bias in the workplace by leading to men being favored for leadership positions and promotions, while women may be overlooked or undervalued. This belief reinforces gender stereotypes and expectations, and can limit women's opportunities for advancement in industries and organizations that prioritize these traits.

Question 3

In their marital relationship,Sylvia most enjoys extended face-to-face conversations,whereas her husband most enjoys working side-by-side on extended projects.Their unique activity preferences best illustrate a difference in
A) plasticity.
B) primary sex characteristics.
C) social connectedness.
D) secondary sex characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The couple's differing activity preferences suggest a difference in social connectedness, as Sylvia prefers activities that involve direct interpersonal interaction (face-to-face conversations), while her husband prefers activities that involve working alongside each other without necessarily engaging in conversation. Plasticity, primary and secondary sex characteristics are not relevant to this scenario.

Question 4

In everyday behavior,men are LESS likely than women to
A) smile at others.
B) stare at others.
C) interrupt others.
D) initiate touching others.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that women tend to smile more often than men in social interactions, which is attributed to various social and cultural factors.

Question 5

On visiting foreign countries,you would be most likely to observe
A) more men than women in political leadership positions.
B) women earning the same amount of money as men.
C) men and women equally involved in child care.
D) men and women equally involved in violent crime.

Accepted Answer

Across the world, men are more likely to hold political leadership positions than women. While there are countries that have made progress towards gender equality in politics, it remains a global issue.

Question 6

Physical or verbal behavior intended to harm a person's social standing or relationship constitutes
A) solitary confinement.
B) androgyny.
C) a pruning process.
D) relational aggression.

Accepted Answer

Physical aggression involves physical harm, while verbal aggression involves verbal attacks. Relational aggression, on the other hand, focuses on damaging someone's relationships or social status. Examples include spreading rumors, exclusion, and manipulation.

Question 7

Girls typically play in ________ groups than do boys and,during their teens,girls spend ________ time with friends than do boys.
A) larger;more
B) smaller;less
C) larger;less
D) smaller;more

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that girls typically play in smaller groups compared to boys and, during their teenage years, girls tend to spend more time with friends than boys do.

Question 8

The male answer syndrome suggests that men are less likely than women to demonstrate
A) individualism.
B) gender typing.
C) social modesty.
D) secondary sex characteristics.

Accepted Answer

The male answer syndrome refers to the tendency of men to demonstrate social dominance by answering questions even when they may not have the correct answer. This behavior is associated with a lack of social modesty, which is the tendency to downplay one's accomplishments or abilities. Therefore, the best answer is C.

Question 9

When juries form,leadership tends to go to ________.When worker salaries are paid,those in traditionally ________ occupations receive more.
A) females;male
B) males;female
C) females;female
D) males;male

Accepted Answer

Leadership roles in juries often go to males due to societal norms and perceptions of authority. Similarly, occupations traditionally dominated by males tend to pay more, reflecting gender pay disparities.

Question 10

In laboratory experiments,men have been found to be ________ willing than women to blast people with what they believed was intense and prolonged noise.Outside the laboratory,they have been found to be ________ willing than women to support war.
A) more;less
B) less;more
C) more;more
D) less;less

Accepted Answer

Men have been found to be more willing than women to engage in aggressive behaviors such as blasting people with intense noise in laboratory settings, and they are also generally more supportive of war outside the laboratory.

Question 11

Compared with girls,boys are more likely to play in ________ groups.
A) small
B) competitive
C) mixed-age
D) unsupervised

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that boys tend to engage in more competitive play and often form larger groups than girls, who tend to prefer smaller, more cooperative play settings. Mixed-age and unsupervised play are not necessarily linked to gender differences in play behavior.

Question 12

Glenda has spread false rumors about a classmate in order to ruin his reputation.Her behavior best illustrates
A) gender typing.
B) relational aggression.
C) androgyny.
D) a pruning process.

Accepted Answer

Relational aggression involves deliberately harming someone's social relationships, reputation, or self-esteem. Glenda's behavior of spreading false rumors about her classmate is an example of relational aggression.

Question 13

In the past,U.S.mothers typically engaged in ________.Today,U.S.mothers typically engage in ________.
A) a greater amount of child care than fathers;a lesser amount of child care than fathers
B) nearly twice as much child care as fathers;nearly twice as much child care as fathers
C) nearly twice as much child care as fathers;the same amount of child care as fathers
D) the same amount of child care as fathers;the same amount of child care as fathers

Accepted Answer

Historically, U.S. mothers have consistently been responsible for a significantly larger share of child care compared to fathers, a trend that continues to this day. Despite societal changes and increased advocacy for shared parenting responsibilities, studies and surveys often still show that mothers engage in nearly twice as much child care as fathers.

Question 14

During the course of a conversation between Lola,Martha,and Gus,which of the following events is most likely to occur?
A) Gus interrupts Lola.
B) Lola interrupts Martha.
C) Martha interrupts Gus.
D) All of these events are equally likely to occur.

Accepted Answer

The answer of During the course of a conversation between...

Question 15

Which of the following would you most likely observe on visits to foreign countries?
A) men and women earning approximately the same salaries
B) more women than men holding elected offices
C) more men than women involved in fistfights
D) men and women sharing equally in the duties of child raising

Accepted Answer

While the other options reflect positive advancements towards gender equality, option C is unfortunately still a common observation in many societies.

Question 16

With respect to their leadership style,men tend to be ________ directive and ________ democratic than women.
A) more;more
B) less;less
C) more;less
D) less;more

Accepted Answer

Research in organizational behavior and psychology suggests that, on average, men tend to exhibit a more directive (or autocratic) leadership style, whereas women are often more democratic, involving team members in decision-making processes.

Question 17

A power-hungry female politician is ________ likely to be perceived as aggressive than a power-hungry male politician.Among male and female politicians who seem power-hungry,women are ________ successful than men.
A) less;less
B) more;more
C) less;more
D) more;less

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that a power-hungry female politician is more likely to be perceived as aggressive than a power-hungry male politician due to gender stereotypes. However, studies have also found that among power-hungry politicians, women are less successful than men, likely due to gender bias and discrimination.

Question 18

Denise is most likely to be driven by _______ when it comes to career choice and the workplace.
A) finances
B) status
C) flexibility
D) overtime

Accepted Answer

The fact that Denise is most likely driven by flexibility suggests that she values work-life balance and possibly has other responsibilities outside of work. This could be due to personal priorities or family commitments. Therefore, options A, B, and D are less likely to be driving factors for her career and workplace choices.

Question 19

Maria works in construction,a traditionally male occupation.Like most women in such industries,her salary is ________ than that of her male colleagues.Felicia is a professor at Podunk U,who submitted an application to fund her research.Like most female research grant applicants,she received ________ "quality of researcher" ratings from those who reviewed her application than did the average male applicant.
A) higher;higher
B) lower;lower
C) higher;lower
D) lower;higher

Accepted Answer

Studies and statistics have shown that women in traditionally male-dominated fields, such as construction, often earn less than their male counterparts. Additionally, research indicates that female research grant applicants frequently receive lower evaluations on perceived quality compared to male applicants.

Question 20

In late adolescence,teen girls spend ________ time than boys on social networking sites.As adults,women take_______ pleasure than men in talking face to face.
A) less;less
B) more;more
C) less;more
D) more;less

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that in late adolescence, teen girls tend to spend more time than boys on social networking sites. As adults, women generally find more pleasure than men in engaging in face-to-face conversations.

Quiz 12: Introduction to Sensation and Perception

Compared with women,men use conversation to focus on

The social norm that has most clearly contributed to gender bias in the workplace is the belief that

In their marital relationship,Sylvia most enjoys extended face-to-face conversations,whereas her husband most enjoys working side-by-side on extended projects.Their unique activity preferences best illustrate a difference in

In everyday behavior,men are LESS likely than women to

On visiting foreign countries,you would be most likely to observe

Physical or verbal behavior intended to harm a person's social standing or relationship constitutes

Girls typically play in groups than do boys and,during their teens,girls spend time with friends than do boys.

The male answer syndrome suggests that men are less likely than women to demonstrate

When juries form,leadership tends to go to .When worker salaries are paid,those in traditionally occupations receive more.

In laboratory experiments,men have been found to be willing than women to blast people with what they believed was intense and prolonged noise.Outside the laboratory,they have been found to be willing than women to support war.

Compared with girls,boys are more likely to play in ________ groups.

Glenda has spread false rumors about a classmate in order to ruin his reputation.Her behavior best illustrates

In the past,U.S.mothers typically engaged in .Today,U.S.mothers typically engage in .

During the course of a conversation between Lola,Martha,and Gus,which of the following events is most likely to occur?

Which of the following would you most likely observe on visits to foreign countries?

With respect to their leadership style,men tend to be directive and democratic than women.

A power-hungry female politician is likely to be perceived as aggressive than a power-hungry male politician.Among male and female politicians who seem power-hungry,women are successful than men.

Denise is most likely to be driven by _______ when it comes to career choice and the workplace.

In late adolescence,teen girls spend __ time than boys on social networking sites.As adults,women take_ pleasure than men in talking face to face.