Question 1

Factors not addressed by rapid neoliberal-style economic development in the Global South are things such as pollution and overcrowding.

Accepted Answer

Rapid neoliberal-style economic development in the Global South often prioritize economic growth over environmental concerns and human welfare, leading to issues such as pollution and overcrowding that are not adequately addressed in this model of development.

Question 2

According to the text,what were the consequences for Africa of the Europeans' practice of slavery?
A) It helped thin out overpopulated districts of the continent.
B) It helped to rearrange traditional tribal boundaries more logically.
C) It created a condition that ensured centuries of underdevelopment.
D) It assisted in reducing the number of tribal conflicts on the continent.

Accepted Answer

The practice of slavery caused immense harm to Africa as a continent. It created a condition that ensured centuries of underdevelopment due to the exploitation of people and resources, the disruption of traditional societies, and the introduction of violence and instability.

Question 3

In England,the "mercantilist" system relied on protected markets and trade monopolies within them.

Accepted Answer

The mercantilist system in England during the 17th and 18th centuries relied heavily on protecting domestic markets and creating monopolies through trade regulations and restrictions. This was done in order to increase exports and accumulate gold and silver reserves, which were seen as signs of national wealth and power.

Question 4

Dependency theorists and their supporters like to blame developing countries for their lack of progress.

Accepted Answer

Dependency theorists actually hold the opposite view, which is that developed countries and their policies are largely responsible for the lack of progress in developing countries. They argue that developed countries exploit developing countries for their own benefit, leaving them with limited resources and unfavorable trading relationships.

Question 5

Dependency theorists assume that the economic backwardness of countries in the Global South is due to the inability of citizens to adopt the work ethic,mindset,and virtues of the developed North.

Accepted Answer

Dependency theorists argue that the economic backwardness of countries in the Global South is not due to a lack of work ethic or virtues but rather to the historical and structural constraints imposed on them by the global economic system, which has disadvantaged them in terms of trade, investment, and technological development.

Question 6

Which nation initiated the slave trade near the mouth of the Congo River around 1500?
A) England
B) France
C) Portugal
D) Spain

Accepted Answer

Portugal was the nation that initiated the slave trade near the mouth of the Congo River around 1500. Portuguese explorers established trade relations with African leaders in the region, exchanging goods for slaves who were then transported to the Americas. This marked the beginning of the transatlantic slave trade, which lasted for centuries and had a devastating impact on African societies.

Question 7

The bailout of the Global South countries facing a debt crisis was based on the structural adjustment programs of the IMF and the World Bank.

Accepted Answer

The bailout of the Global South countries facing a debt crisis was indeed based on the structural adjustment programs of the IMF and the World Bank. These programs involved lending money to countries in crisis in exchange for implementing economic policies such as privatization, deregulation, and austerity measures, which were aimed at reducing government spending and increasing the role of the private sector in the economy. However, these policies often had negative social and environmental impacts and did not necessarily lead to sustainable economic growth.

Question 8

The assumption of neoliberalists is that demand for labour,capital,and commodities will equal supply if there is no interference.

Accepted Answer

Neoliberalism holds the belief in the efficiency of the free market and assumes that the demand for labor, capital, and commodities will naturally balance with supply without intervention from the government or external factors.

Question 9

According to Paul Bairoch,which countries were the largest industrial powers in 1830?
A) countries of the Global West
B) countries of the Global South
C) countries of the Global East
D) countries of the Global North

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Paul Bairoch,which countries were the...

Question 10

Estate agriculture greatly facilitated the development of Third World economies.

Accepted Answer

Estate agriculture, characterized by large-scale commercial farming of crops for export, often relied on forced labor, displacement of local small-scale farmers, and environmental degradation. It often did not promote the development of local economies or benefit local communities, but instead benefited foreign investors and multinational corporations. Therefore, it did not greatly facilitate the development of Third World economies.

Question 11

The idea that the Third World is underdeveloped because the countries were already backward or savages at the time of colonial contact is a socially constructed myth.

Accepted Answer

The concept of underdevelopment in what is termed the Third World is largely attributed to the impacts of colonialism, exploitation, and the global economic system, rather than the inherent qualities or conditions of these societies before colonial contact.

Question 12

Dependency theory shows how European colonizing powers blocked the emergence of industrial capitalism in the Global South.

Accepted Answer

Dependency theory argues that the Global South became economically dependent on the industrialized Global North due to exploitative relationships established during colonialism. This prevented the emergence of industrial capitalism within the Global South because their economies were focused on providing raw materials and cheap labor for the North, rather than developing their own industries. Therefore, the answer is true.

Question 13

What was the domino theory?
A) If one country falls under communist influence,its neighbours would soon follow.
B) If one country defaults on its loan to the World Bank,then others will default,too.
C) If one underdeveloped economy succeeds with neoliberalism,others will follow.
D) If one underdeveloped economy succeeds with Keynesian economics,others will too.

Accepted Answer

The domino theory was a Cold War era theory that if one country in a region became communist, then it would lead to a chain reaction of other countries also falling under communist influence. The theory was used to justify US involvement in the Vietnam War and other conflicts during the time period.

Question 14

A big winner in the global neoliberal economy is Mexican Carlos Slim,who,in 2007,was declared to be richer than Bill Gates.

Accepted Answer

Carlos Slim was considered to be richer than Bill Gates in 2007, making him a big winner in the global neoliberal economy.

Question 15

W.W.Rostow is credited with the formulation of the modernization theory of development.

Accepted Answer

The answer of W.W.Rostow is credited with the formulation of...

Question 16

Milton Friedman's economic ideas greatly impacted neoliberal policies of development.

Accepted Answer

Milton Friedman was a Nobel Prize-winning economist who advocated for free-market capitalism and reduced government intervention in the economy. His ideas greatly influenced the neoliberal policies of development that prioritize market-oriented approaches, privatization, and deregulation. These policies have been implemented in many countries, particularly in developing countries, since the 1980s.

Question 17

Modernization theorists suggest that geography has a lot to do with lack of development regionally.

Accepted Answer

Modernization theorists primarily argue that lack of development is due to internal factors within countries, such as cultural values, political instability, or lack of technology, rather than geographic determinants.

Question 18

Prior to the Industrial Revolution,manufacturing consisted largely of rural and labour-intensive activities.Consequently,what was the global manufacturing situation of that time?
A) The majority of manufacturing existed in the Global North.
B) Eastern European countries accounted for most manufacturing.
C) Western European countries accounted for most manufacturing.
D) The majority of manufacturing existed in the Global South.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Prior to the Industrial Revolution,manufacturing consisted largely...

Question 19

Western European economies and the United States were inevitably going to be dominant-the slave trade had only minimal impact on their economies.

Accepted Answer

The statement is false. The slave trade had a significant impact on the economies of Western Europe and the United States, particularly in the production of cash crops like sugar and tobacco, and in the development of industries that relied on the labor of enslaved people. The profits from the slave trade and slavery supported the growth of these economies and contributed to their dominance.

Question 20

Some analysts argue that development has served to support world capitalism,while other analysts argue that genuine development cannot occur within the confines of capitalism.

Accepted Answer

The debate on development and capitalism is multifaceted, with some analysts asserting that development initiatives often bolster global capitalist structures, while others argue that true development is hindered by the constraints of capitalism, suggesting a fundamental conflict in how development is conceptualized and achieved within capitalist systems.

Quiz 10: Development and Underdevelopment