Question 1

What have studies by Clement,Olsen,and Brym shown about Canada's elites?

Accepted Answer

The studies by Clement, Olsen, and Brym have shown that most of the political elite in Canada come from upper- and upper-middle-class families.

Question 2

How does the text define authority?

Accepted Answer

The text defines authority as legitimate power, which is the power that is recognized and accepted by the members of a community or society as justified or appropriate. This is distinct from coercive power, which relies on the threat of force or punishment, and tacit power, which is the power derived from social norms, expectations, and habits. Cooperative power is not defined in the text.

Question 3

Anneliese worked hard to protest the plans for a new shopping mall about to be built on parkland.She convinced 1,000 people to demonstrate against the proposal and ultimately the mall was built in another location,not on parkland.What had Anneliese successfully created?

Accepted Answer

Anneliese successfully created a social movement by recruiting people to demonstrate against the proposed shopping mall on parkland. She mobilized a group of people to take collective action to bring about social change. This reflects the characteristics of a social movement. The other choices, anarchy and authority, do not accurately reflect the situation. While the protest may be classified as a popular protest, the term does not capture the full scope of what Anneliese accomplished.

Question 4

After the flood,300 people who had been displaced from their homes realized that only poor neighbourhoods had been flooded,and that the rich neighbourhoods had been protected from the water.The next day,the 300 displaced people marched on government offices,demanding an explanation.Which theory is supported by this event?

Accepted Answer

The event supports the theory of relative deprivation, which suggests that people become aware of their discontent when they perceive a gap between what they have and what they feel entitled to, compared to others in their society. The displaced people realized that only poor neighbourhoods had been flooded, which created a sense of unfairness and deprivation.

Question 5

Which statement would power-balance theorists support?

Accepted Answer

Power-balance theorists argue that power distribution in society can shift, acknowledging that changes in power dynamics are possible and even common, rather than being fixed or naturally balanced.

Question 6

At a rally in his small African village,Arapmoi passionately argues that all villagers should have the right to freely express themselves,the right to choose what religion they would like to practise,and justice before the law.What is Arapmoi promoting?

Accepted Answer

Arapmoi is promoting civil citizenship, which is the idea that individuals should have equal rights under the law and the freedom to express themselves without fear of persecution. This includes freedom of religion and the right to a fair trial.

Question 7

Dariya was arrested when she was found spray-painting protest messages on the walls of a new factory that was approved by the local government.Which branch of government will decide how to deal with Dariya's actions?

Accepted Answer

The judiciary branch of government is responsible for interpreting and enforcing laws, including determining the consequences for breaking them. Dariya's actions would be considered a crime, and therefore would need to be dealt with by the judicial system. The legislative branch is responsible for making laws, the executive branch enforces laws, and the administrative branch is responsible for carrying out and implementing laws.

Question 8

In Canada,approximately what percentage of nonagricultural workers is unionized?

Accepted Answer

In Canada, approximately 30% of nonagricultural workers are unionized. This reflects the country's relatively strong labor movement compared to some other industrialized nations.

Question 9

The federal election was fast approaching and Jeremy made a significant monetary contribution to a political party's campaign.When his wife Leesa found out,she angrily stated,"They don't need our money! They have received more than enough from everyone else!" To which Canadian party did Jeremy contribute?

Accepted Answer

The statement "They don't need our money! They have received more than enough from everyone else!" suggests that the party in question is already well-funded. The Conservative party typically receives significant donations from both individuals and corporations, and is known for being more supportive of business interests.

Question 10

In a class presentation on "Violence against Women," Geena argued that intimate partner violence is the result of a societal patriarchal ideology and the accompanying male domination within a family.Which feminist stance provides the basis for Geena's position?

Accepted Answer

Radical feminism the feminist theory that posits that patriarchy is the root cause of gender inequality and oppression, and aims to challenge and dismantle this patriarchal system. Geena's argument that intimate partner violence is a result of societal patriarchal ideology and male domination within a family aligns with the tenets of radical feminism.

Question 11

Which group of people is least likely to be attracted to the new social movements?

Accepted Answer

Business people have a greater stake in the existing power structures and are less likely to support new social movements that promote change and potential disruption to their interests. Journalists, students, and teachers are all groups that are more likely to be attracted to the new social movements as they often prioritize social justice and equality.

Question 12

What is the term for power that has been legitimized?

Accepted Answer

Legitimized power is power that is recognized and accepted by those who are governed. This is what we call authority.

Question 13

What is a social movement?

Accepted Answer

A social movement is an organized effort by a group of individuals to bring about social, political, or cultural change. This can involve attempting to change a specific policy or law, or challenging the entire social structure and values of a society. Social movements can take many different forms and utilize various tactics, but they all involve collective action towards a common goal. Options A, B, and C are all incorrect as they do not accurately describe what a social movement is.

Question 14

Which type of theorist would contend that democracy is guaranteed when no sole/single group of people is able to control politics?

Accepted Answer

A pluralist theorist would contend that democracy is guaranteed when different groups with different interests and values compete for political power and no single group dominates or controls politics. Pluralism emphasizes the importance of individual rights and freedoms, as well as the distribution of power across a variety of different institutions and social groups. This position contrasts with elitist theories, which argue that a small, privileged group of people inevitably controls politics, or anarchist theories, which reject the idea of formal political institutions altogether. Nihilist theories, which promote a rejection of all political and social norms, would also not be supportive of the idea of democracy as it is commonly understood.

Question 15

For her term paper,Dominique is required to adopt a structuralist Marxist perspective and discuss the interplay between society and capitalism.Which of the following would be her key premise?

Accepted Answer

A structuralist Marxist perspective views the state as a tool of capitalist domination. According to this perspective, the nature of capitalism itself leads the state to act in the interests of the ruling capitalist class. Therefore, the key premise would be that the nature of capitalism causes the state to act in the interests of capitalists. None of the other premises (A, C, D) are compatible with a structuralist Marxist perspective.

Question 16

On any given day,the media is filled with stories about multiple competing interests;for example: gay rights activists versus dominant heterosexual views,pro-choice versus anti-abortion advocates,and feminists against male chauvinists.Which perspective supports this view of power in society?

Accepted Answer

Pluralist theory supports this view of power in society as it suggests that power is distributed among multiple groups, each with their own interests and agendas. In this view, competing interests and groups help to balance each other out and prevent any one group from having too much power or influence.

Question 17

Homeless people are a constituency largely without a voice.However,until an organization such as Canada Without Poverty can coherently organize this constituency to become an effective source for change,the poor will remain poor.Which theoretical perspective would endorse this statement?

Accepted Answer

Resource-mobilization theory emphasizes the importance of organizational resources, including staff, money, and access to the media, in the success or failure of social movements. This theory suggests that, in order to become an effective source for change, the homeless people need an organization like Canada Without Poverty to mobilize resources and enable them to articulate their grievances effectively. The statement suggests that until the interests of the homeless people are effectively organized and articulated, their situation is unlikely to improve, which is a central argument of resource-mobilization theory.

Question 18

In 2015,the New Democratic Party was elected to a majority government in Alberta,ousting the Progressive Conservatives who had won every provincial election since 1971.Which theory can does this event provide supporting evidence for?

Accepted Answer

The event provides supporting evidence for the power-balance theory, which suggests that power in a democracy is constantly shifting and can be held by a variety of groups, including political parties. The ousting of the long-standing Progressive Conservatives by the New Democratic Party shows that a balance of power can be achieved through the democratic process, rather than being held exclusively by one elite group or the state. The event does not necessarily provide evidence for the elitist, state-centered or Marxist theories.

Question 19

The local Member of Parliament voted against a proposed new tax on corporations because she believed that such a tax might cause some companies to move their operations out of the country,and the government could be held responsible for lost jobs.Which analysis of the situation would the MP's reasoning represent?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The local Member of Parliament voted against...

Question 20

Sasha had never thought of herself as an activist until she had a tour of the public school located in an upscale neighbourhood of her city.After seeing the state-of-the-art computer lab,she became outraged that the school her daughter attended did not even have a computer in the classrooms.Consequently,she organized a parents' group to petition the school board for funding in order to construct a computer lab in their neighbourhood public school.Which concept could be used in order to understand Sasha's actions?

Accepted Answer

Sasha's actions can be understood through the concept of relative deprivation, which refers to the feeling of discontent or injustice that arises from the perception of disparity between one's situation and that of others, in this case, the disparity in educational resources between two schools.

Quiz 19: Politics and Social Movements