Compared to what happens during NREM sleep, during REM sleep there is a sharp increase in activity in the limbic system areas of the brain, including the hippocampus and the amygdala.

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During REM sleep, there is a marked increase in activity in the limbic system areas of the brain, which are responsible for emotional processing and memory consolidation, including the hippocampus and the amygdala. This is in contrast to NREM sleep, which is characterized by relatively low levels of brain activity.

Compared to What Happens During NREM Sleep, During REM Sleep