Question 1

What do we call learning that has taken place but is not demonstrated?
A)insight learning
B)serial enumeration
C)latent learning
D)shaping

Accepted Answer

Latent learning refers to learning that has taken place but is not demonstrated until there is incentive or motivation to do so.

Question 2

Insight is a concept associated with ________ learning theory.
A)classical
B)operant
C)social
D)cognitive

Accepted Answer

Insight is a key concept in cognitive learning theory, which focuses on how individuals perceive, process, and organize information to solve problems and make decisions. In particular, insight involves sudden understanding or realization of a problem's solution, often through an "aha" moment. This is different from classical and operant conditioning, which focus on how environmental stimuli and consequences shape behavior, and social learning theory, which focuses on how individuals learn by observing and imitating others.

Question 3

Cognitive maps are:
A)observable mental events.
B)consistent with conditioning theories.
C)learned without reinforcement.
D)inconsistent with insightful problem solving.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive maps are mental representations of physical spaces or environments, including landmarks, routes, and other spatial relationships. They are learned through observation and exploration without the need for reinforcement.

Question 4

The mental storing of an entire image of an area,such as a maze or floor plan of a building is called______.
A)Gestalt
B)insight
C)Skinner response
D)a cognitive map

Accepted Answer

A cognitive map is the mental representation or storing of an entire image of an area, such as a maze or floor plan of a building. Gestalt is a psychological concept referring to the organization of sensory information into complete and meaningful wholes. Insight is the sudden understanding or realization of a problem's solution. Skinner response refers to behavior that is learned through consequences and operant conditioning.

Question 5

Cognitive learning involves:
A)an association between events or phenomena.
B)an association between responses.
C)an association between behavior and its consequences.
D)internal representations of events in the world.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive learning involves mental processes such as perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving, which enable individuals to form internal representations of events in the world. This type of learning goes beyond mere stimulus-response associations and involves complex mental processes.

Question 6

Insight is a concept associated with _______ learning theory.
A)classical
B)operant
C)social
D)cognitive

Accepted Answer

Insight learning theory falls under the cognitive approach to learning, which emphasizes mental processes such as attention, perception, memory, and reasoning. It involves solving problems through sudden realization or understanding of relationships.

Question 7

Learning that depends on mental processes that are not able to be observed directly is called _________ learning.
A)autonomic
B)primary
C)secondary
D)cognitive

Accepted Answer

Cognitive learning involves mental processes such as perception, attention, memory, and problem-solving, which cannot be observed directly. Autonomic learning refers to involuntary learning, while primary and secondary learning are terms that are not widely used in the field of psychology.

Question 8

The mental image of an area,such as a maze or the floor plan of a building,is called _____________.
A)a Gestalt
B)insight
C)a Skinner response
D)a cognitive map

Accepted Answer

A mental image of an area, such as a maze or a floor plan of a building, is referred to as a cognitive map.

Question 9

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is _____.
A)insight
B)latent learning
C)cognitive mapping
D)contingency blocking

Accepted Answer

Insight is the type of learning that involves a sudden understanding of the elements of a situation, leading to a solution to a problem. This type of learning is often associated with the "Aha!" moment, where everything suddenly clicks into place. Latent learning refers to learning that occurs without any obvious reinforcement, while cognitive mapping involves the mental representation of physical spaces. Contingency blocking refers to a phenomenon where an animal fails to learn a new association because it has already learned a different association between the same stimuli.

Question 10

Though Jenny tried in vain to reach a puzzle on the top shelf by standing on a chair,she simply could not reach.Suddenly she realized that by placing a thick catalog on the seat of the chair,she would be high enough to reach the puzzle.Jenny's solution is best explained by which of the following?
A)her previous history of conditioning
B)her previous experiences with reaching objects that are out of reach
C)latent learning
D)insight

Accepted Answer

Jenny's sudden realization of placing a catalog on the chair seat shows that she had insight into how to solve the problem, rather than relying on her previous experiences or conditioning.

Question 11

Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called __________.
A)vicarious learning
B)innate learning
C)latent learning
D)insight

Accepted Answer

Latent learning refers to learning that occurs without any immediate behavior change but may become evident at a later time. The individual may not have shown any signs of the learning until something triggers it later on. Vicarious learning refers to learning by observing others, innate learning refers to things that an organism is born knowing how to do, and insight refers to sudden realization or understanding of a problem.

Question 12

During your very first visit to your campus,you probably needed a map to get around efficiently.However,a little while later you no longer needed the map,because _______ had occurred.
A)classical conditioning
B)cognitive learning
C)instrumental conditioning
D)operant conditioning

Accepted Answer

Cognitive learning refers to learning that is based on mental processes such as attention, perception, memory, and problem-solving. In this case, the individual would have used a mental map created through their initial exploration of the campus to navigate subsequently, making the map unnecessary. Classical and instrumental conditioning involve learning through association and reinforcement, respectively, and operant conditioning involves learning through consequences of behavior, none of which explain the individual's development of a mental map.

Question 13

The concept of latent learning was developed by __________ .
A)Watson
B)Skinner
C)Thorndike
D)Tolman

Accepted Answer

The concept of latent learning was developed by Edward Tolman.

Question 14

In a study on learning,the psychologist conducting the study seeks to explain the inner needs and desires that made learners pursue their goals.She is interested in the inner processes that result in learning.She is studying ___________ .
A)neurophysiological learning
B)primary learning
C)secondary learning
D)cognitive learning

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is interested in the inner processes that result in learning, indicating that she is studying cognitive learning.

Question 15

In Bandura's classic (1965)study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting a Bobo doll,__________ .
A)children who saw the model punished learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model rewarded
B)children who saw the model rewarded learned to be more aggressive than children who say the model punished
C)children who saw the model punished performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model rewarded
D)children who saw the model rewarded performed more aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished

Accepted Answer

In Bandura's study, children who saw the model rewarded (given candy and praise) for hitting the Bobo doll were more likely to perform aggressively in a free play situation than children who saw the model punished (scolded and reprimanded). Therefore, choice D is the correct answer.

Quiz 4: Learning

What do we call learning that has taken place but is not demonstrated?

Insight is a concept associated with ________ learning theory.

Cognitive maps are:

The mental storing of an entire image of an area,such as a maze or floor plan of a building is called______.

Cognitive learning involves:

Insight is a concept associated with _______ learning theory.

Learning that depends on mental processes that are not able to be observed directly is called _________ learning.

The mental image of an area,such as a maze or the floor plan of a building,is called _____________.

The type of learning that involves a sudden coming together of the elements of a situation so that the solution to a problem is instantly clear is _____.

Though Jenny tried in vain to reach a puzzle on the top shelf by standing on a chair,she simply could not reach.Suddenly she realized that by placing a thick catalog on the seat of the chair,she would be high enough to reach the puzzle.Jenny's solution is best explained by which of the following?

Learning that occurs but is not immediately reflected in a behavior change is called __________.

During your very first visit to your campus,you probably needed a map to get around efficiently.However,a little while later you no longer needed the map,because _______ had occurred.

The concept of latent learning was developed by __________ .

In a study on learning,the psychologist conducting the study seeks to explain the inner needs and desires that made learners pursue their goals.She is interested in the inner processes that result in learning.She is studying ___________ .

In Bandura's classic (1965) study of children exposed to a film of an adult hitting a Bobo doll,__________ .