Question 1

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-holoprosencephaly ___
A)aborted cell migration of gray matter
B)absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain
C)failure to form sulci and gyri
D)single undifferentiated hemisphere

Accepted Answer

Holoprosencephaly is characterized by a failure of the forebrain to divide into two separate hemispheres, resulting in a single, undifferentiated hemisphere.

Question 2

Identify the five phases of synapse formation in the cerebral cortex of primates as proposed by Bourgeois.

Accepted Answer

Phases 1 and 2 are synapse formation; phase 3 is synapse growth (begins pre-birth); phase 4 is a plateau in growth that is followed by reductions; and phase 5 is a slow decline in synaptic density (experience dependent).

Question 3

Describe two types of abnormal brain development.

Accepted Answer

Table Answer: 2 outlines different types of abnormal brain development. One is called cerebellar agenesis, where parts of the cerebellum, basal ganglia, or spinal cord are absent or malformed. A second is called lissencephaly, where the brain fails to form sulci and gyri and corresponds to that of a 12-week embryo.

Question 4

Studies examining the outcome of Romanian orphans that were adopted into families after the fall of communism in the 1980s provided what information?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies examining the outcome of Romanian orphans...

Question 5

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-anencephaly ___
A)aborted cell migration of gray matter
B)absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain
C)failure to form sulci and gyri
D)single undifferentiated hemisphere

Accepted Answer

Anencephaly is a condition where there is a failure of the neural tube to properly develop the forebrain and midbrain, resulting in the absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain.

Question 6

What evidence from rats indicates that pregnant mothers should have access to stimulating environments?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What evidence from rats indicates that pregnant...

Question 7

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with schizophrenia?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What brain abnormalities have been found in...

Question 8

What are three ways to examine the relationship between neural function and behavioral changes in development? Make sure to mention potential advantages and/or disadvantages of each.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are three ways to examine the...

Question 9

How might the developmental course of myelination be related to the maturation of motor skills?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How might the developmental course of myelination...

Question 10

What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? Briefly characterize each stage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive...

Question 11

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Piaget ___
A)speech lateralization
B)ocular dominance columns
C)myelination index
D)cognitive development

Accepted Answer

Piaget is known for his research and theory on cognitive development. He studied how children develop thinking skills and understanding of the world around them.

Question 12

What is the role of radial glial cells in neuron cell migration?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the role of radial glial...

Question 13

Why is cell death such an important part of the development of the brain?

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

How is the adolescent brain different from that of a child and that of an adult?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is the adolescent brain different from...

Question 15

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-heterotopia ___
A)aborted cell migration of gray matter
B)absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain
C)failure to form sulci and gyri
D)single undifferentiated hemisphere

Accepted Answer

Heterotopia refers to the abnormal placement of gray matter during brain development, often caused by aborted cell migration.

Question 16

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Rasmussen and Milner ___
A)speech lateralization
B)ocular dominance columns
C)myelination index
D)cognitive development

Accepted Answer

Rasmussen and Milner are associated with research on speech lateralization.

Question 17

Use the following to answer questions:
There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below.
-lissencephaly ___
A)aborted cell migration of gray matter
B)absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain
C)failure to form sulci and gyri
D)single undifferentiated hemisphere

Accepted Answer

Lissencephaly is a condition where the brain lacks normal convolutions (sulci and gyri) due to a failure in the migration of neurons to the correct location during development.

Answer: A 
 Aborted cell migration of gray matter is characteristic of lissencephaly, where neurons fail to migrate to the correct location during development, resulting in an abnormally smooth brain surface.

Answer: B 
 Absence of cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, and midbrain is an extreme form of abnormal brain development, known as anencephaly. Lissencephaly is not associated with the complete absence of any major brain structures.

Answer: D 
 Single undifferentiated hemisphere is a rare malformation called hemimegalencephaly, which results from an overgrowth of one hemisphere of the brain. This is not characteristic of lissencephaly.

Question 18

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Flechsig ___
A)speech lateralization
B)ocular dominance columns
C)myelination index
D)cognitive development

Accepted Answer

Flechsig is best associated with the myelination index, which is a measure of the degree to which an area of the brain is myelinated (or covered in a fatty substance that helps speed up neural transmission). Flechsig is famous for creating the first detailed maps of cortical myelination in primates, which was a major advance in understanding the structural organization of the brain.

Question 19

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with ADHD?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What brain abnormalities have been found in...

Question 20

Use the following to answer questions:
For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below.
-Hubel and Wiesel ___
A)speech lateralization
B)ocular dominance columns
C)myelination index
D)cognitive development

Accepted Answer

Hubel and Wiesel are known for their work on ocular dominance columns, which are regions of the visual cortex that are specialized to process input from one eye.

Quiz 23: Extension: B - Brain Development and Plasticity

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -holoprosencephaly ___

Identify the five phases of synapse formation in the cerebral cortex of primates as proposed by Bourgeois.

Describe two types of abnormal brain development.

Studies examining the outcome of Romanian orphans that were adopted into families after the fall of communism in the 1980s provided what information?

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -anencephaly ___

What evidence from rats indicates that pregnant mothers should have access to stimulating environments?

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with schizophrenia?

What are three ways to examine the relationship between neural function and behavioral changes in development? Make sure to mention potential advantages and/or disadvantages of each.

How might the developmental course of myelination be related to the maturation of motor skills?

What are Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? Briefly characterize each stage.

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Piaget ___

What is the role of radial glial cells in neuron cell migration?

Why is cell death such an important part of the development of the brain?

How is the adolescent brain different from that of a child and that of an adult?

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -heterotopia ___

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Rasmussen and Milner ___

Use the following to answer questions: There are numerous types of abnormal development of the human brain. For each term listed, select the appropriate alternative from the list below. -lissencephaly ___

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Flechsig ___

What brain abnormalities have been found in children with ADHD?

Use the following to answer questions: For each researcher(s) listed, select what they are associated with from the list below. -Hubel and Wiesel ___