Question 1

In a large survey among college-age men and women, it was found that
A) about 75% of the respondents had gone on a binge of heavy drinking once in the preceding two weeks.
B) there was no relationship between frequency of drinking and grades.
C) students with a grade-point average of "A" had no more than one drink per week.
D) "D" and "F" students averaged 11 alcoholic drinks per week.

Accepted Answer

The survey found that "D" and "F" students averaged 11 alcoholic drinks per week, showing a relationship between lower grades and higher frequency of drinking. The other choices are not supported by the survey results.

Question 2

Annabelle has been a heavy drinker for years. Her behavior reflects confusion, loss of muscle coordination and unintelligible speech. Such behavior is probably the result of .
A) dementia
B) substance abuse psychotic disorder
C) fetal alcohol syndrome
D) Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described suggest Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome, which is a neurological disorder caused by a deficiency in thiamine (vitamin B1) often associated with chronic heavy alcohol consumption. It is characterized by confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and difficulty with memory and learning, among other symptoms.

Question 3

All of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT .
A) nausea and/or vomiting
B) hypersomnia
C) transient hallucinations
D) agitation

Accepted Answer

Hypersomnia, or excessive sleepiness, is not typically a symptom of alcohol withdrawal. Nausea and vomiting, transient hallucinations, and agitation are commonly observed during withdrawal.

Question 4

Which of the following is true about alcohol use disorders internationally?
A) Highest in Russia and other very cold countries
B) Highest in the Middle East
C) Highest in Latin America
D) Highest in the United States

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true about...

Question 5

In some individuals, chronic alcohol use causes physical damage to the body. Whether this occurs depends on all of the following factors EXCEPT
A) blood alcohol levels during drinking periods.
B) type of alcohol consumed (e.g., beer, wine, liquor).
C) genetic vulnerability.
D) the frequency of alcohol use.

Accepted Answer

The type of alcohol consumed (e.g. beer, wine, liquor) does not make a significant difference in causing physical damage to the body. It is the amount and frequency of alcohol consumption that lead to physical damage. Blood alcohol levels during drinking periods, genetic vulnerability, and the frequency of alcohol use all play a role in determining if chronic alcohol use will cause physical damage.

Question 6

Research that asks individuals to indicate their frequency of alcohol use found that alcohol use is highest among ______________.
A) Hispanics
B) Asian Americans
C) Caucasian Americans
D) people with multiracial backgrounds

Accepted Answer

According to research, alcohol use is highest among Caucasian Americans.

Question 7

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects the emotion of anxiety during alcohol use?
A) GABA
B) Serotonin
C) Glutamate
D) Dopamine

Accepted Answer

GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that slows down activity in the brain. Alcohol increases GABA activity, causing sedative effects and reducing anxiety. However, when alcohol wears off, the brain is left with lower GABA activity, which can result in rebound anxiety.

Question 8

What explains the apparent stimulation, feeling of well-being, and outgoing behavior that occur as the initial effects of alcohol ingestion?
A) Depression of the inhibitory centers in the brain
B) Activation of the inhibitory centers in the brain
C) Depression of the autonomic nervous system
D) Stimulation of the autonomic nervous system

Accepted Answer

Alcohol initially depresses the inhibitory centers in the brain, leading to a release of dopamine and a feeling of stimulation and well-being. This also leads to disinhibition and outgoing behavior.

Question 9

Which of the following does NOT describe the specific effect of alcohol on a particular neurotransmitter system?
A) Serotonin - alcoholic cravings
B) Glutamate - alcoholic blackouts
C) Dopamine - slurred speech
D) GABA - anti-anxiety effect

Accepted Answer

Slurred speech is not related to dopamine, but rather to the impairment of the motor cortex caused by alcohol. The other choices describe specific effects of alcohol on neurotransmitter systems.

Question 10

In 2012, researchers at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration estimated that more than Americans are probably dependent on alcohol.
A) 5million
B) 11 million
C) 16 million
D) 25 million

Accepted Answer

This answer is supported by the estimate given by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration in 2012. Option A and B are too low, while option D is too high.

Question 11

Which of the following is an accurate statement about alcohol use?
A) Education is negatively correlated with recent alcohol use.
B) Half of all Americans over the age of 12 report being current drinkers of alcohol.
C) Female college students were more likely than male college students to report several episodes of binge drinking in a two-week period.
D) Alcohol use in the elderly population is typically high.

Accepted Answer

According to the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, in 2019, 51% of Americans aged 12 and older reported current alcohol use. This makes option B the most accurate statement. Option A is incorrect because education is actually positively correlated with a lower prevalence of alcohol use. Option C is not accurate because studies consistently show that male college students are more likely to engage in binge drinking than their female counterparts. Option D is also not accurate because alcohol use declines as individuals age, and the elderly population tends to have lower rates of alcohol use compared to younger age groups.

Question 12

The condition called delirium tremens, also known as the "DTs," involves hallucinations and body tremors during withdrawal from .
A) heroin
B) cocaine
C) alcohol
D) marijuana

Accepted Answer

Delirium tremens (DTs) is a severe type of alcohol withdrawal that involves a group of symptoms including hallucinations, body tremors, agitation, rapid heart rate, and confusion. It is a medical emergency that can be life-threatening if not treated promptly. Delirium tremens typically occurs within 2-3 days after the last drink and is more common in people who have a history of heavy or prolonged alcohol use.

Question 13

The correct pairing of the names, causes, and symptoms of two types of organic brain syndromes that may result from chronic, long-term alcohol abuse are
A) dementia - loss of intellectual abilities caused by a deficiency of the vitamin called thiamine.
B) Broca's disease ­ confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech caused by a deficiency of the vitamin called thiamine.
C) dementia - confusion, loss of muscle coordination, and unintelligible speech caused by the toxic effects of alcohol on the brain.
D) Fetal alcohol syndrome - loss of intellectual abilities caused by the toxic effects of alcohol on the adult brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The correct pairing of the names, causes,...

Question 14

Although most psychoactive substances interact with specific substances in brain cells, the effects of are much more complex because several different neurotransmitter systems are affected.
A) opiates
B) tranquilizers
C) alcohol
D) marijuana

Accepted Answer

Alcohol's effects are more complex because it affects several different neurotransmitter systems in the brain, unlike many psychoactive substances that typically target specific neurotransmitters.

Question 15

Alcohol can initially appear to cause stimulation because it
A) makes vision and hearing more acute.
B) has an excitatory affect on the brain.
C) depresses inhibitory centers in the brain.
D) alters motor coordination.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol initially appears to cause stimulation because it depresses inhibitory centers in the brain. This can lead to a decrease in anxiety and increased confidence, giving the appearance of stimulation. However, as alcohol consumption continues, it depresses the central nervous system and can lead to impairment, sedation, and unconsciousness.

Question 16

Peak alcohol use is typical:
A) during late teen years
B) in graduate school
C) during the early 20s
D) over the age of 65

Accepted Answer

The answer of Peak alcohol use is typical:
A) during late...

Question 17

Blackouts appear to be related to the interaction of alcohol with the system.
A) glutamate
B) serotonin
C) GABA
D) dopamine

Accepted Answer

Alcohol affects the glutamate system, which is involved in memory formation, leading to blackouts.

Question 18

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a combination of problems that can occur in a child whose mother drank alcohol while pregnant. Symptoms of FAS include all of the following EXCEPT
A) cognitive deficits and behavior problems.
B) distorted facial features.
C) learning difficulties.
D) excessive fetal growth.

Accepted Answer

Excessive fetal growth is not a symptom of FAS. Instead, FAS is characterized by physical, cognitive, and behavioral problems such as distorted facial features, cognitive deficits, learning difficulties, and behavior problems.

Question 19

Differences in fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) rates among women who drink may be due to differences.
A) cultural/racial
B) cognitive
C) metabolic
D) emotional

Accepted Answer

Fetal alcohol syndrome rates can vary among women who drink due to cultural and racial differences as well as differences in metabolism. Genetic and environmental factors can affect how alcohol is metabolized, which can impact the risk of FAS. Additionally, cultural and racial factors can influence drinking behaviors and attitudes towards alcohol consumption during pregnancy.

Question 20

Because of its impact on GABA receptors, alcohol neuronal communication.
A) inhibits
B) facilitates
C) randomizes
D) eliminates

Accepted Answer

Alcohol inhibits neuronal communication by interacting with GABA receptors, which are responsible for reducing the activity of nerve cells in the brain. Inhibition of these receptors leads to a decrease in neuronal activity, which can result in the behavioral and cognitive effects of alcohol intoxication, such as relaxation, decreased inhibitions, and impaired decision-making.

Quiz 11: Substance-Related, Addictive, and Impulse-Control Disorders

In a large survey among college-age men and women, it was found that

Annabelle has been a heavy drinker for years. Her behavior reflects confusion, loss of muscle coordination and unintelligible speech. Such behavior is probably the result of .

All of the following are symptoms of withdrawal from alcohol EXCEPT .

Which of the following is true about alcohol use disorders internationally?

In some individuals, chronic alcohol use causes physical damage to the body. Whether this occurs depends on all of the following factors EXCEPT

Research that asks individuals to indicate their frequency of alcohol use found that alcohol use is highest among ______________.

Which of the following neurotransmitters affects the emotion of anxiety during alcohol use?

What explains the apparent stimulation, feeling of well-being, and outgoing behavior that occur as the initial effects of alcohol ingestion?

Which of the following does NOT describe the specific effect of alcohol on a particular neurotransmitter system?

In 2012, researchers at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration estimated that more than Americans are probably dependent on alcohol.

Which of the following is an accurate statement about alcohol use?

The condition called delirium tremens, also known as the "DTs," involves hallucinations and body tremors during withdrawal from .

The correct pairing of the names, causes, and symptoms of two types of organic brain syndromes that may result from chronic, long-term alcohol abuse are

Although most psychoactive substances interact with specific substances in brain cells, the effects of are much more complex because several different neurotransmitter systems are affected.

Alcohol can initially appear to cause stimulation because it

Peak alcohol use is typical:

Blackouts appear to be related to the interaction of alcohol with the system.

Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) is a combination of problems that can occur in a child whose mother drank alcohol while pregnant. Symptoms of FAS include all of the following EXCEPT

Differences in fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) rates among women who drink may be due to differences.

Because of its impact on GABA receptors, alcohol neuronal communication.