Question 1

When an individual, who is part of a larger group, chooses to put forth less effort than other group members, ________ occurs.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing occurs when an individual in a group puts forth less effort than others in the group. This is often due to a diffusion of responsibility and reduced feeling of personal accountability.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

Human nature is not wholly good or bad, but a combination of both. People have the capacity for both prosocial behaviour (cooperation, empathy, altruism) and antisocial behaviour (aggression, competition, selfishness). This view is supported by research in psychology, neuroscience, and sociology that shows how social, environmental, and genetic factors shape human behaviour.

Question 3

In which of the following situations is the person more likely to be helped?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In which of the following situations is...

Question 4

You and your group have had four weeks to complete a group project for your economics class. You are now four days away from the due date, and you and one other group member have been putting in all of the time and effort. The other two members come occasionally to group meetings and do the minimal work required. This unfortunate situation is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

Social loafing is the phenomenon where individuals exert less effort when working in a group compared to when working alone, often because they feel less accountable or believe others will pick up the slack.

Question 5

One of the key themes in Milgram's paradigm is the ________ the psychological distance between the teacher/participant and the experimenter, the ________ the obedience.

Accepted Answer

Milgram's paradigm showed that the closer the psychological distance between the teacher/participant and the experimenter (i.e. the closer they were in physical proximity or status), the less obedience was observed. In contrast, the further the psychological distance, the greater the obedience. Therefore, choice C (greater psychological distance leads to less obedience) is the correct answer.

Question 6

Group brainstorming is less effective than individual brainstorming because

Accepted Answer

Group brainstorming can be less effective due to both social loafing, where group members may put in less effort than they would individually, and the anxiety that can come with being evaluated by others. These factors can lead to a lack of creativity and productivity in the group brainstorming session.

Question 7

________ is a phenomenon whereby the more people that are present at an emergency, the less each person feels responsible for the negative consequences of not helping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is a phenomenon whereby the more...

Question 8

A group of engineers was assigned the task of creating a more useful dashboard for cars. All of the members, except for one, put forth quite a bit of effort. The individual who chose not to work very diligently knew that the other members of the group would pick up his slack. In the end, their hard work paid off. The group's new dashboard was named "design of the month" by the company. With that honour came a monetary bonus. Which of the following can be used to describe the one individual who seemed not to put forth any effort at all, but still reaped the rewards of everyone else's hard work?

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the individual who didn't put forth any effort but still reaped the rewards of everyone else's hard work is "social loafer." A social loafer is someone who relies on the efforts of others while contributing very little or nothing to the task at hand. The other choices (A) compliant, (B) conformist, and (D) conscientious, do not accurately describe this individual's behavior in the given situation.

Question 9

This is the reduction in feelings of personal responsibility in the presence of others.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility refers to the phenomenon wherein individuals in a group feel less accountable for their actions or inaction, assuming that others in the group will take responsibility. It can lead to non-action or bystander apathy in emergency situations because everyone assumes someone else will take action.

Question 10

Helping others for unselfish reasons is called ________.

Accepted Answer

Altruism is the act of helping others without expecting anything in return. It is based on selflessness, compassion, and concern for other's well-being. Egoism, situationalism, and influentialism all involve some form of self-interest or external pressure, contradicting the nature of unselfish help.

Question 11

Behaviour that is intended to help others is often referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

Prosocial behaviour is defined as behaviour intended to benefit others or society as a whole. It can include helping, sharing, donating, or volunteering. Bystander behaviour refers to the tendency of people to not intervene in an emergency situation when there are other bystanders present. Compliant behaviour is behaviour that is influenced by social norms or pressure to conform. Obedient behaviour is behaviour in response to direct orders or commands from an authority figure.

Question 12

You are walking downtown one day and find a man wearing street clothes who is slumped on the sidewalk. You look around and see others walking and not paying attention, so you decide to do the same thing. You have demonstrated ________.

Accepted Answer

Pluralistic ignorance occurs when people look to others to determine how to behave in a particular situation. In this scenario, the individual is choosing to ignore the man on the sidewalk because they assume that if nobody else is helping him, then it must not be a problem or they may believe that someone else will take care of it. This is an example of the bystander effect, which is a common manifestation of pluralistic ignorance.

Question 13

Nicola, Billy, Jamal, and Samara are assigned a group project. Jamal ends up doing almost the entire project because the others did not contribute much to the project. This phenomenon is known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nicola, Billy, Jamal, and Samara are assigned...

Question 14

Amanda, Sarah, Jonas, and William have been assigned a group project. Amanda ends up doing almost none of the work, while the others complete the project. Amanda ends up getting the same grade as the other group members. This is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of social loafing, where one member of the group does not contribute equally to the task but still receives the same benefit in the end.

Question 15

At a crowded park, Kayla sees an old man clutching his heart and stumbling. If Kayla assumes that someone else will help the old man, she is experiencing the phenomenon known as ________.

Accepted Answer

Diffusion of responsibility is the phenomenon where individuals feel less responsibility to take action in an emergency situation when other people are present. In this scenario, Kayla assumes that someone else will help the old man, indicating that she is experiencing diffusion of responsibility.

Question 16

Which of the following statements is true about brainstorming?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is true...

Question 17

Discuss bystander nonintervention and what factors influence intervention.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss bystander nonintervention and what factors influence...

Question 18

________ is helping others for unselfish reasons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ________ is helping others for unselfish reasons....

Question 19

Tarek is a college student who lives on campus. While riding his bike to class the other day, he witnessed a bike accident between two other students. Both were badly injured. Tarek stopped to offer help, knowing that he might be late or even miss his class. The two students involved in the accident were grateful for his assistance. Tarek demonstrated ________ in this situation.

Accepted Answer

Tarek demonstrated prosocial behaviour by stopping to offer help to two injured students, despite the potential inconvenience to himself.

Question 20

Nabila was at a busy grocery store when she and many others saw a gentleman on the ground. She stopped to stare and thought to herself that surely someone had already called for help for this man. She decided that because so many people were present to see the gentleman, help was already on the way. Nabila's decision not to call for help can be best explained by ________.

Accepted Answer

Nabila's decision not to call for help can be explained by the diffusion of responsibility, where individuals feel less responsibility to take action in a group setting because they assume someone else will take action.

Quiz 13: Social Psychology