Question 1

What event enabled the rats to become resistant to warfarin?
A) mutation of a gene associated with the recycling of vitamin A
B) mutation of a gene associated with vitamin K
C) mutation of a gene associated with blood clotting
D) mutation of a gene associated with blood production
E) more than one of these enabled rats to become resistant to warfarin

Accepted Answer

E

Question 2

What organic compound was widely used as a rat poison until 1980?
A) warfarin
B) amygdalin
C) linamarin
D) cyanide
E) myristicin

Accepted Answer

Warfarin was widely used as a rat poison until 1980 because it interferes with blood clotting by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors. It is still used as a medication to prevent blood clots in humans.

Question 3

A mutation that results in the death of the individual is called
A) a beneficial mutation.
B) a lethal mutation.
C) a random mutation.
D) a spontaneous mutation.
E) a neutral mutation.

Accepted Answer

A lethal mutation results in the death of the individual, and therefore is not beneficial, neutral, random, or spontaneous.

Question 4

____ will bestow an advantage to the individual.
A) A beneficial mutation
B) A neutral mutation
C) A random mutation
D) A lethal mutation
E) None of these

Accepted Answer

Only a beneficial mutation will give an advantage to the individual by improving or introducing a new advantageous trait. Neutral, random, or lethal mutations do not provide any advantage and can either have no effect or be harmful to the individual. Therefore, A) is the best choice.

Question 5

The poison,warfarin,causes internal
A) neurological malfunctioning.
B) bleeding.
C) seepage of acid from the stomach.
D) muscle degeneration.
E) epithelial destruction.

Accepted Answer

Warfarin is a blood-thinning medication that inhibits the body's ability to form blood clots. However, excessive use of warfarin can cause bleeding within the body, including internal bleeding. Therefore, the correct option is B, bleeding.

Question 6

____ changes the DNA but has no impact upon the individual.
A) A beneficial mutation
B) A lethal mutation
C) A random mutation
D) A neutral mutation
E) None of these

Accepted Answer

A neutral mutation changes the DNA sequence but does not have any impact on the phenotype, meaning the individual's visible traits or characteristics. It neither benefits nor harms the organism.

Question 7

____ refer(s)to an allele's abundance within a population.
A) Allele frequency
B) Mutation frequency
C) Ratio frequency
D) Population frequency
E) Gene frequency

Accepted Answer

Allele frequency refers to the proportion or percentage of an allele in the gene pool of a population. It is a measure of how common or rare a particular allele is in a population. Allele frequency can help identify patterns of genetic variation and evolution within populations.

Question 8

What is the rat to human ratio in most major cities?
A) 10:1
B) 20:1
C) 1:10
D) 1:25
E) 1:100

Accepted Answer

In most major cities, the rat to human ratio is often estimated to be around 1:10, meaning there is approximately one rat for every ten humans.

Question 9

What event will increase the frequency of a mutation in a population over time?
A) fitness
B) natural selection
C) artificial selection
D) adaptive radiation
E) none of these

Accepted Answer

Natural selection increases the frequency of beneficial mutations in a population over time by favoring individuals with advantageous traits.

Question 10

Traits with more than 2 distinct forms are
A) polymorphic.
B) dimorphic.
C) codominant.
D) heterozygous.
E) homozygous.

Accepted Answer

Polymorphic traits have more than 2 distinct forms or alleles, whereas dimorphic traits have only 2 distinct forms. Codominant refers to alleles that are both expressed in the phenotype, heterozygous refers to having two different alleles for a particular gene, and homozygous refers to having two identical alleles for a particular gene.

Question 11

Which is the best example of the results of a neutral mutation?
A) A new wing color evolves that enables a butterfly to better hide.
B) A new wing color evolves that makes a butterfly more noticeable.
C) Larger muscles evolve that allow a rabbit to run faster.
D) A new wing color evolves that doesn't affect a butterfly's ability to hide or make it more noticeable.
E) Larger eyes develop that enable a rat to see better at night.

Accepted Answer

A neutral mutation does not have a significant effect on the organism's fitness, so the development of a new wing color that does not affect the butterfly's ability to hide or make it more noticeable is the best example of a neutral mutation.

Question 12

What is the best definition of a population?
A) a group of individuals of two different species that interact with each other
B) a group of interbreeding individuals from different geographical regions
C) a group of potentially interbreeding individuals of the same species regardless of where they live
D) a collection of different species living in the same area at the same time
E) a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species in a given area

Accepted Answer

A population is defined as a group of interbreeding individuals of the same species in a given area. Option A is incorrect because the individuals need to be of the same species. Option B is incorrect because individuals from different geographical regions may not necessarily interbreed. Option C is correct but incomplete because individuals need to be able to potentially interbreed to be considered part of the same population. Option D is incorrect because it refers to multiple species, not just one.

Question 13

Rats are responsible for eating or fouling approximately ____ percent of our total food production.
A) 5
B) 10
C) 15
D) 20
E) 25

Accepted Answer

The answer of Rats are responsible for eating or fouling...

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of the result of a beneficial mutation?
A) A new digestive enzyme that is better at digesting cellulose.
B) A new digestive enzyme that is equal in its ability to digest cellulose as the existing enzyme.
C) A new digestive enzyme that is less effective at digesting cellulose.
D) A new protein that interferes with the digestive process.
E) A new protein that has no function.

Accepted Answer

A new digestive enzyme that is better at digesting cellulose would be an example of a beneficial mutation as it would lead to an improved ability to efficiently extract nutrients from food sources.

Question 15

Rats not resistant to the effects of warfarin do not have enough of which of the following vitamins?
A) A
B) B12
C) C
D) E
E) K

Accepted Answer

Rats not resistant to warfarin lack vitamin K, which is necessary for blood clotting. Warfarin works by inhibiting the action of vitamin K in the body, preventing the formation of blood clots. Resistant rats have a genetic mutation that allows them to metabolize warfarin differently, making them less susceptible to its effects.

Question 16

A trait with two forms is referred to as
A) polymorphic.
B) dimorphic.
C) codominant.
D) heterozygous.
E) homozygous.

Accepted Answer

A trait with two forms is referred to as dimorphic, meaning it has two distinct forms or variations.

Question 17

Any change in allele frequencies in a gene pool is
A) natural selection.
B) macroevolution.
C) microevolution.
D) mutation.
E) artificial selection.

Accepted Answer

Microevolution refers to small-scale changes that occur within a population, such as changes in allele frequencies. Natural selection, mutation, and artificial selection can all contribute to microevolution, but it is the change in allele frequencies that defines the concept. Macroevolution, on the other hand, refers to large-scale changes that result in the formation of new species or higher-level taxonomic groups.

Question 18

____ will neither hurt nor help the individual's chances of survival.
A) A beneficial mutation
B) A neutral mutation
C) A random mutation
D) A lethal mutation
E) None of these

Accepted Answer

A neutral mutation will not affect the fitness of the individual, neither positively nor negatively, so it will not affect their chances of survival. A beneficial mutation (A) will improve the individual's fitness and increase their chances of survival, while a lethal mutation (D) will decrease their fitness and lead to reduced chances of survival. A random mutation (C) may or may not affect the individual's fitness depending on what changes occur in the DNA, so it cannot be said whether it will help or hurt their chances of survival.

Question 19

All of the alleles of all of the genes of a population make up the
A) species richness.
B) species abundance.
C) genome.
D) gene pool.
E) none of these.

Accepted Answer

The gene pool is defined as the total collection of alleles in a population of organisms. It includes all the genetic information available to the individuals of that population, including all the different variants of each gene. Therefore, option D is the correct choice.

Question 20

____ introduce(s)new genetic combinations of alleles into the chromosomes.
A) Independent assortment in meiosis I
B) Crossing over in meiosis II
C) Breeding between the dominant individuals in the population
D) Breeding between the recessive individuals in the population
E) More than one of these

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____ introduce(s)new genetic combinations of alleles into...

Quiz 12: Processes of Evolution

What event enabled the rats to become resistant to warfarin?

What organic compound was widely used as a rat poison until 1980?

A mutation that results in the death of the individual is called

____ will bestow an advantage to the individual.

The poison,warfarin,causes internal

____ changes the DNA but has no impact upon the individual.

____ refer(s) to an allele's abundance within a population.

What is the rat to human ratio in most major cities?

What event will increase the frequency of a mutation in a population over time?

Traits with more than 2 distinct forms are

Which is the best example of the results of a neutral mutation?

What is the best definition of a population?

Rats are responsible for eating or fouling approximately ____ percent of our total food production.

Which of the following is an example of the result of a beneficial mutation?

Rats not resistant to the effects of warfarin do not have enough of which of the following vitamins?

A trait with two forms is referred to as

Any change in allele frequencies in a gene pool is

____ will neither hurt nor help the individual's chances of survival.

All of the alleles of all of the genes of a population make up the

____ introduce(s) new genetic combinations of alleles into the chromosomes.