Question 1

The recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though sensory input about them is changing is called
A)monocular constancy.
B)perceptual constancy.
C)linear perspective.
D)the figure-ground principle.

Accepted Answer

Perceptual constancy refers to the brain's ability to perceive objects as stable and unchanging despite changes in sensory input such as lighting or position. Monocular constancy refers specifically to the ability to perceive the size, shape, and color of objects as constant despite changes in distance, angle, or lighting. Linear perspective refers to the phenomenon of parallel lines appearing to converge in the distance. The figure-ground principle refers to the tendency for the brain to separate elements of a visual scene into a foreground object and a background.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of the nature of sound?
A)Loudness is the perceptual experience of the frequency of a sound.
B)Timbre is the amount of pressure the sound wave produces relative to a standard.
C)Frequency is the perception of the sound wave's amplitude.
D)Sound waves vary in frequency as well as in amplitude.

Accepted Answer

Sound waves vary in both frequency (measured in Hertz) and amplitude (measured in decibels). Frequency is the number of vibrations per second, which determines the pitch of the sound. Amplitude is the intensity or loudness of the sound wave, which is determined by the height (or depth) of the wave.

Question 3

If we see a German shepherd standing 30 feet from us, we perceive that it is just as big as it was when it was much closer to us.This is primarily due to
A)size constancy.
B)shape constancy.
C)proximity.
D)figure-ground.

Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is an example of size constancy. Despite the fact that the German shepherd is now much farther away from us, we still perceive it as being the same size as it was when it was closer. This is because our brains take into account the distance between us and the object, and adjust our perception of its size accordingly, in order to maintain constancy.

Question 4

Each key on a touch-tone telephone makes a slightly different sound when touched.This difference is due to the pitch of sound produced by each key.The difference in pitch is determined by the _____ of the sound waves coming from each key.
A)intensity
B)timbre
C)decibel
D)frequency

Accepted Answer

The pitch of sound is determined by the frequency of the sound waves.

Question 5

Identify the true statement about the pine of the ear.
A)It is funnel shaped and is the visible part of the ear.
B)It is responsible for separating the outer ear from the inner ear.
C)It is the last structure through which the sound enters the ear.
D)It typically vibrates in response to sounds.

Accepted Answer

The pine of the ear, also known as the pinna, is the visible part of the ear and is funnel-shaped.

Answer: D
 The pinna typically vibrates in response to sounds and helps to collect and direct sound waves into the ear canal.

Therefore, the correct answer is A and D.

Question 6

When one hears any sound, one's eardrum vibrates.These vibrations are then transferred to the inner ear by the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.These three bones are all located in the
A)outer ear.
B)middle ear.
C)inner ear.
D)marginal ear.

Accepted Answer

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are located in the middle ear, which is the part of the ear between the outer ear and the inner ear.

Question 7

The eardrum is located in the
A)auditory cortex.
B)inner ear.
C)middle ear.
D)outer ear.

Accepted Answer

The eardrum, also known as the tympanic membrane, is located in the middle ear. It separates the outer ear from the middle ear and vibrates in response to sound waves, transmitting them to the ossicles (three small bones) in the middle ear.

Question 8

In the auditory system, which of the following is true of the middle ear?
A)It is funnel shaped and represents the visible part of the ear.
B)It transmits neural impulses directly to the brain.
C)It channels and amplifies sound waves.
D)It converts sound waves into neural impulses.

Accepted Answer

The middle ear is responsible for channeling and amplifying sound waves. It consists of three small bones (the ossicles) that vibrate in response to incoming sound waves and amplify them before transmitting them to the inner ear.

Question 9

_____ is the perceptual experience of the frequency of a sound.
A)Amplitude
B)Loudness
C)Pitch
D)Sound wave

Accepted Answer

Pitch is the perceptual experience of the frequency of a sound, which refers to how high or low a sound seems. Amplitude refers to the intensity of a sound wave, while loudness is the subjective experience of how loud or quiet a sound is. Sound wave is the physical movement of molecules creating a sound.

Question 10

Looking at a quarter in your hand casts a different image on your retina compared to looking at a quarter across the room, yet we know that the quarter is the same and retains the same dimensions.This phenomenon is known as
A)perceptual constancy.
B)figure-ground.
C)the Ponzo illusion.
D)Gestalt closure.

Accepted Answer

This phenomenon is known as perceptual constancy, which refers to the ability of the brain to perceive objects as having a stable size, shape, and color despite changes in their retinal image caused by changes in distance, angle, and lighting.

Question 11

When a person reads a book, the black ink of the words on the white pages looks the same, regardless of the place, time, and lighting in the room.This best demonstrates the phenomenon of
A)closure.
B)shape constancy.
C)color constancy.
D)proximity.

Accepted Answer

Color constancy is the phenomenon where the perceived color of an object remains the same even when it is viewed under different lighting conditions. The black ink on white pages appears the same regardless of the lighting conditions, so this best demonstrates color constancy.

Question 12

Mark's ability to distinguish a trumpet and a trombone or his mother's voice from his sister's voice is most likely due to the _____ of these stimuli.
A)pitch
B)amplitude
C)decibels
D)timbre

Accepted Answer

Timbre refers to the unique quality of a sound that distinguishes it from other sounds of the same pitch and loudness. In this case, Mark is able to distinguish between the trumpet and the trombone or his mother's voice from his sister's voice because they have different timbres.

Question 13

In the context of nature of sound, wavelength determines a sound wave's
A)frequency.
B)amplitude.
C)decibel level.
D)timbre.

Accepted Answer

Wavelength and frequency are inversely proportional in sound waves. Therefore, the shorter the wavelength, the higher the frequency.

Question 14

Tina was born with hearing impairment.When Dr.Albert studied the physiology of her auditory system, he found that Tina's eardrums were intact and were receiving auditory stimulus.However, the stimulus was not moving forward from the eardrums and was not reaching the inner ear.Which of the following conclusions is Dr.Albert most likely to have drawn from these findings?
A)The cerebral cortex in Tina's brain was damaged.
B)The hammer, anvil, and stirrup in Tina's ears were not performing their functions.
C)The pinna in Tina's outer ear was not performing its functions.
D)The occipital lobe in Tina's brain was damaged.

Accepted Answer

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup in the middle ear are responsible for transmitting auditory stimuli from the eardrum to the inner ear. Since the eardrums are intact and receiving auditory stimuli, the issue must lie with these tiny bones in the middle ear not performing their functions properly. The other options, such as damage to the cerebral cortex or occipital lobe, would not affect the transmission of auditory stimuli from the middle ear. The pinna in the outer ear helps to collect sound waves, but it does not play a role in transmitting auditory stimuli to the inner ear.

Question 15

When sound waves move through the auditory canal to the middle ear, they first cause the
A)eardrum to vibrate.
B)oval window to move.
C)cochlea to vibrate.
D)hammer to vibrate.

Accepted Answer

When sound waves enter the auditory canal, they cause the eardrum to vibrate. This vibration is transmitted to the bones of the middle ear, which then transmit the vibration to the oval window of the inner ear.

Question 16

The primary function of the _____ is to collect sounds and channel them into the interior of the ear.
A)cochlea
B)pine
C)cilia
D)basilar membrane

Accepted Answer

The primary function of the pinna, which is often referred to simply as the "ear" (though it's technically just the outer part visible on the head), is to collect sounds from the environment and funnel them into the ear canal towards the eardrum and into the interior of the ear. The other options, cochlea, cilia, and basilar membrane, are involved in the process of hearing but are located inside the ear and play roles in converting vibrations into neural signals, not in collecting sound.

Question 17

The major function of the _____ is to amplify vibrations and pass them on to the inner ear.
A)pinnae
B)hammer, anvil, and stirrup
C)papillae
D)olfactory epithelium

Accepted Answer

The hammer, anvil, and stirrup are three small bones in the middle ear that work together to transmit and amplify vibrations received from the eardrum. This amplification process is necessary because the inner ear is filled with fluid, which requires a greater amount of energy to stimulate the sensory cells responsible for detecting sound.

Question 18

The cochlea is part of the
A)pinnae.
B)inner ear.
C)middle ear.
D)outer ear.

Accepted Answer

The cochlea is part of the inner ear, along with the vestibular system. The inner ear is responsible for hearing and balance. The pinnae and outer ear collect and direct sound waves toward the inner ear, while the middle ear transmits sound from the outer ear to the inner ear.

Question 19

Which of the following is the unit of measurement for assessing loudness?
A)pitch
B)saturation
C)hue
D)decibel

Accepted Answer

Loudness is measured in decibels (dB).

Question 20

A door is still perceived as a rectangle even after we view it from different angles.This is due to
A)depth cues.
B)retinal disparity.
C)shape constancy.
D)linear constancy.

Accepted Answer

Shape constancy is the ability of our brain to perceive objects as having a constant shape, even when viewed from different angles or distances. In this case, even though the door may appear different in size and shape depending on our perspective, we still perceive it as a rectangular shape due to shape constancy. Depth cues and retinal disparity play a role in depth perception, while linear constancy refers to the ability to perceive straight lines as staying straight despite changes in angle or distance.

Quiz 3: Sensation and Perception

The recognition that objects are constant and unchanging even though sensory input about them is changing is called

Which of the following is true of the nature of sound?

If we see a German shepherd standing 30 feet from us, we perceive that it is just as big as it was when it was much closer to us.This is primarily due to

Each key on a touch-tone telephone makes a slightly different sound when touched.This difference is due to the pitch of sound produced by each key.The difference in pitch is determined by the _____ of the sound waves coming from each key.

Identify the true statement about the pine of the ear.

When one hears any sound, one's eardrum vibrates.These vibrations are then transferred to the inner ear by the hammer, anvil, and stirrup.These three bones are all located in the

The eardrum is located in the

In the auditory system, which of the following is true of the middle ear?

_____ is the perceptual experience of the frequency of a sound.

Looking at a quarter in your hand casts a different image on your retina compared to looking at a quarter across the room, yet we know that the quarter is the same and retains the same dimensions.This phenomenon is known as

When a person reads a book, the black ink of the words on the white pages looks the same, regardless of the place, time, and lighting in the room.This best demonstrates the phenomenon of

Mark's ability to distinguish a trumpet and a trombone or his mother's voice from his sister's voice is most likely due to the _____ of these stimuli.

In the context of nature of sound, wavelength determines a sound wave's

When sound waves move through the auditory canal to the middle ear, they first cause the

The primary function of the _____ is to collect sounds and channel them into the interior of the ear.

The major function of the _____ is to amplify vibrations and pass them on to the inner ear.

The cochlea is part of the

Which of the following is the unit of measurement for assessing loudness?

A door is still perceived as a rectangle even after we view it from different angles.This is due to