Question 1

A school psychologist assesses a child's intelligence.In a psychological report,the psychologist explains the child's cognitive ability in terms of the manner in which she processes information and solves problems.From this report,it would seem that this school psychologist is relying on
A) Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences.
B) Spearman's two-factor theory.
C) an information-processing approach.
D) a discrepancy between verbal and performance measures.

Accepted Answer

The psychologist is explaining the child's cognitive ability in terms of how she processes information and solves problems, which is a key aspect of the information-processing approach in psychology. Therefore, choice C is the best answer. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Spearman's two-factor theory are both theories of intelligence, but neither is specifically related to how individuals process information. A discrepancy between verbal and performance measures may be noted in the report, but it is not the focus of the psychologist's assessment of the child's cognitive ability.

Question 2

The general (g)factor in intelligence refers to
A) all that measured in common by varied valid tests of intelligence.
B) the specific factors assessed by different intelligence tests.
C) the iconic influence of Galton on the definition of that construct.
D) all of the variance in measured intelligence that is genetic in nature.

Accepted Answer

The general factor (g) in intelligence refers to the commonality measured by various valid tests of intelligence. It represents the idea that there is a singular underlying factor that contributes to overall intelligence, which is measured by different cognitive abilities. This factor is considered to be the essence or core of intelligence. Therefore, option A is the correct answer. Option B is incorrect because it refers to specific factors, which are the abilities measured by individual tests, rather than the general factor. Option C is false because Galton may have contributed to the concept of intelligence, but he did not define the general factor. Finally, option D is also incorrect because while genetics may contribute to intelligence, the concept of the general factor encompasses all aspects of intelligence, not just genetic factors.

Question 3

What is the main difference between the information-processing view and the traditional view of intelligence?
A) The information-processing view focuses more on how the brain processes information.
B) The information-processing view has not yet led researchers to the development of useful assessment tools.
C) The information-processing view focuses more on separate and independent intellectual abilities, such as musical and mechanical skills.
D) The information-processing view assumes that intelligence is environmentally determined.

Accepted Answer

The main difference between the information-processing view and the traditional view of intelligence is that the former focuses more on how the brain processes information, whereas the latter is more concerned with the outcome of that processing, such as problem-solving abilities or overall cognitive ability.

Question 4

Ways of reducing the culture loading of a test include the
A) use of oral instructions instead of printed instructions.
B) prohibition of practice items.
C) employment of computer-adaptive scoring.
D) All of these

Accepted Answer

Using oral instructions instead of printed instructions can help reduce the culture loading of a test by accommodating individuals who may have different levels of literacy or are more accustomed to oral traditions, thus making the test more accessible across different cultural backgrounds.

Question 5

According to your text,which is TRUE of the CRUST?
A) It is a valid measure of intelligence for those in middle- to high-income groups.
B) It was developed as a tongue-in-cheek intelligence test for the culturally advantaged.
C) It can be used with members of minority groups as well as the majority group.
D) It was originally devised as a culture-free intelligence test for immigrants from the Czech Republic.

Accepted Answer

The text states that the CRUST was developed as a tongue-in-cheek intelligence test for the culturally advantaged. Therefore, option B is the correct choice. Option A is incorrect as the text does not mention anything about the CRUST being a measure of intelligence for any income group. Option C is also incorrect as the text does not provide any information about the use of CRUST with minority or majority groups. Option D is incorrect as the text does not mention the Czech Republic in relation to the development of the CRUST.

Question 6

In spite of its acronym,which is TRUE of the BITCH?
A) It is a standardized test used widely by municipal fire departments as an employment screening device.
B) It was developed as a culture-free measure of intelligence for inner-city youth.
C) It has more entertainment value than applied value.
D) It is still in use in some school districts today as a low-budget test of choice.

Accepted Answer

The question asks for what is true of the BITCH in spite of its acronym, and option C states that it has more entertainment value than applied value, which goes against the negative connotation of the word "bitch" in the acronym. The other options (A, B, and D) are false statements about the BITCH.

Question 7

To root out any possible cultural bias in the development of the WAIS-IV,
A) experts from 120 cultures were administered a preliminary version of the test.
B) all test items were specifically reviewed for cultural bias.
C) all test items were administered in ethnically diverse communities.
D) experts from 120 cultures participated in focus groups to analyze each of the test items.

Accepted Answer

One of the best ways to root out cultural bias in the development of the WAIS-IV is to specifically review all test items for cultural bias. This would ensure that any potential cultural biases are identified and addressed before the test is administered to individuals from different cultures. Administering the test to experts from different cultures or in ethnically diverse communities could also be helpful, but may not necessarily identify all potential biases in the test items. Analyzing each of the test items in focus groups with experts from different cultures could also be helpful, but may not be the most efficient or practical approach.

Question 8

Which of the following is omitted from the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model as modified by McGrew and Flanagan?
A) quantitative ability
B) memory
C) general intellectual ability
D) eye-hand coordination

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is omitted from...

Question 9

McGrew and Flanagan's version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model was originally intended for use in
A) pediatric rehabilitative applications.
B) neuropsychological applications.
C) comparative psychology applications.
D) psychoeducational applications.

Accepted Answer

McGrew and Flanagan's version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model was specifically designed for psychoeducational applications, such as assessing cognitive abilities in school-based settings.

Question 10

The McGrew and Flanagan version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model is designed to assess abilities
A) by means of one comprehensive and integrative test.
B) through the use a variety of tests from different test batteries.
C) with adjunctive use of interviews and the case study method.
D) primarily by means of behavioral observation.

Accepted Answer

The McGrew and Flanagan version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model utilizes a variety of tests from different test batteries to assess abilities, rather than relying on one comprehensive and integrative test, behavioral observation, or adjunctive use of interviews and the case study method.

Question 11

McGrew and Flanagan's version of CHC theory has its greatest value
A) as a theory of cognitive abilities with empirical support.
B) from a research perspective.
C) from the standpoint of cost-to-implement.
D) as a theory from which all other theories can be improved.

Accepted Answer

The answer of McGrew and Flanagan's version of CHC theory...

Question 12

Howard Gardner's work on "multiple intelligences" is most similar to whose model of intelligence?
A) Binet
B) Galton
C) Piaget
D) Guilford

Accepted Answer

Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is similar to J.P. Guilford's model of intelligence, as both focus on the idea that intelligence is comprised of multiple components or facets. Guilford's model proposed that there were 120 different factors that contribute to intelligence, which he categorized into three main dimensions: operations (like convergent and divergent thinking), content (like visual, numerical, and semantic abilities), and products (like evaluation and creativity). Similarly, Gardner's theory identifies multiple domains of intelligence, such as linguistic, musical, logical-mathematical, bodily-kinesthetic, and interpersonal intelligence. Both theories reject the idea of a single, general intelligence (or "g factor") underlying all cognitive abilities.

Question 13

McGrew and Flanagan based their definitions of many of the broad and narrow abilities on the writings of
A) Thurstone.
B) Horn.
C) Cattell.
D) Carroll.

Accepted Answer

McGrew and Flanagan based their definitions of many of the broad and narrow abilities on the writings of John L. Horn and Raymond B. Cattell, but ultimately relied on the hierarchical model of intelligence proposed by John B. Carroll.

Question 14

Which of the following tests employed by the Army during World War I was MOST likely to be as "culture-fair" as possible?
A) the Army Alpha Test
B) the Army Beta
C) the AGCT
D) the ASVAB

Accepted Answer

The Army Beta test was designed to be as culture-fair as possible, as it used pictorial representations and did not rely on literacy or knowledge of the English language. The Army Alpha test, on the other hand, was a written test that required knowledge of English and thus was not as culture-fair. The AGCT and ASVAB were developed later and not during World War I.

Question 15

Research cited in your textbook told of Zambian and English research subjects who were tested on a model reconstruction task using paper,clay,or wire.This research illustrated the importance of raising questions about
A) the validity of a test with regard to members of specific cultural populations.
B) the reliability of a test with regard to members of specific cultural populations.
C) the danger of using specific materials, such as wire, with testtakers who have never manipulated them.
D) the cautions that need to be verbalized prior to any assessment situation.

Accepted Answer

The research highlighted the need to question the validity of a test with regard to members of specific cultural populations. This is because the study found that the Zambian subjects performed better on the task when using clay, whereas the English subjects performed better with wire or paper. This suggests that cultural background can influence how well individuals perform on certain types of tests, and that tests may need to be adapted to ensure fairness across different cultural groups.

Question 16

Which statement would Wechsler and Binet MOST likely agree on?
A) Intelligence develops primarily through heredity.
B) Intelligence comprises cognitive abilities that develop through several invariant stages.
C) Considerations regarding personality must be included in any comprehensive assessment of intelligence.
D) There is no more important ability to assess than perceptual-motor ability.

Accepted Answer

Both Wechsler and Binet emphasized the multifaceted nature of intelligence, including aspects beyond mere cognitive abilities, such as personality and emotional understanding, in their assessments.

Question 17

According to a theory of intelligence that emphasizes the centrality g,a factor analysis of any intelligence test widely viewed as valid would be expected to yield
A) one large common factor.
B) three factors of approximately equal size.
C) a large number of small factors, but no large factor.
D) a verbal factor and a performance factor.

Accepted Answer

According to the theory of intelligence that emphasizes the centrality of g, any intelligence test widely viewed as valid is expected to have one large common factor, known as the general factor or g. This factor underlies all specific cognitive abilities measured by the test. Factor analysis of such a test would reveal this one large common factor, along with smaller, more specific factors.

Question 18

"VPR" refers to a model of the structure of mental abilities
A) that was first conceived of by Francis Galton.
B) with a g factor that contributes to several abilities.
C) that is presumed to have no basis in genetics.
D) built into the operating system of a "smart car."

Accepted Answer

"VPR" stands for "verbal-perceptual-rotary" and refers to a model of the structure of mental abilities proposed by psychologist J.P. Guilford. This model includes several different factors including a "g factor" that contributes to multiple abilities. There is no evidence to suggest that it has any connection to genetics or smart car technology.

Question 19

Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence consisting of which two factors?
A) general and specific intelligence
B) creative and fixed intelligence
C) long-term and short-term memory
D) learned and inherited intelligence

Accepted Answer

Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence consisting of general intelligence (g) and specific intelligence (s). General intelligence refers to a person's overall intellectual ability and is believed to underlie specific abilities, while specific intelligence refers to skills and knowledge that are specific to particular tasks or domains.

Question 20

Culture-specific tests of intelligence
A) have been empirically demonstrated to be a more valid measure of intellectual development of minority group members than conventional tests.
B) are most useful for predicting employment success when administered to prospective job applicants who are members of minority groups.
C) are usually normed exclusively on majority group members.
D) None of these

Accepted Answer

Culture-specific tests of intelligence are designed to be more culturally relevant to the groups being tested, aiming to provide a fairer assessment of their abilities. However, there isn't a consensus that they are more valid for intellectual development assessment or employment success prediction for minority groups, nor are they usually normed exclusively on majority group members.

Quiz 9: Intelligence and Its Measurement

A school psychologist assesses a child's intelligence.In a psychological report,the psychologist explains the child's cognitive ability in terms of the manner in which she processes information and solves problems.From this report,it would seem that this school psychologist is relying on

The general (g) factor in intelligence refers to

What is the main difference between the information-processing view and the traditional view of intelligence?

Ways of reducing the culture loading of a test include the

According to your text,which is TRUE of the CRUST?

In spite of its acronym,which is TRUE of the BITCH?

To root out any possible cultural bias in the development of the WAIS-IV,

Which of the following is omitted from the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model as modified by McGrew and Flanagan?

McGrew and Flanagan's version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model was originally intended for use in

The McGrew and Flanagan version of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll model is designed to assess abilities

McGrew and Flanagan's version of CHC theory has its greatest value

Howard Gardner's work on "multiple intelligences" is most similar to whose model of intelligence?

McGrew and Flanagan based their definitions of many of the broad and narrow abilities on the writings of

Which of the following tests employed by the Army during World War I was MOST likely to be as "culture-fair" as possible?

Research cited in your textbook told of Zambian and English research subjects who were tested on a model reconstruction task using paper,clay,or wire.This research illustrated the importance of raising questions about

Which statement would Wechsler and Binet MOST likely agree on?

According to a theory of intelligence that emphasizes the centrality g,a factor analysis of any intelligence test widely viewed as valid would be expected to yield

"VPR" refers to a model of the structure of mental abilities

Spearman proposed a two-factor theory of intelligence consisting of which two factors?

Culture-specific tests of intelligence