Question 1

Using the terms of the University of Michigan studies,the ___________ focuses on the people doing the work and believes in delegating decision making and aiding followers in satisfying their needs by creating a supportive work environment.

Accepted Answer

The University of Michigan studies identified two types of leadership styles: job-centered and employee-centered. The employee-centered leader focuses on the people doing the work, creating a supportive work environment, and delegating decision making to aid followers in satisfying their needs. This is consistent with the description given in the question. Choice A refers to a leader who is task-focused, while choice C refers to a leader who initiates structure and direction. Choice D refers to McGregor's Theory Y, which suggests that people are inherently motivated and enjoy work if conditions are favorable. While related, it does not directly address leadership style.

Question 2

Mike exhibits a relatively high need for power,but acts on that need in socially acceptable ways.This orientation to use power for constructive purposes has been termed ___________.

Accepted Answer

The term "socialized power orientation" refers to an individual's desire for power, but their tendency to use it in socially acceptable and constructive ways. Option A ("socially responsible power orientation") is not a commonly used term in the literature, and option C ("servant power orientation") refers specifically to a desire for power to serve and support others rather than to exercise control over them. Option D is not a valid choice.

Question 3

UM research represents job-centered and employee-centered leadership as ___________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of UM research represents job-centered and employee-centered leadership...

Question 4

The exact degree of difference that leaders can and do make in any organization is difficult to measure as ________________.

Accepted Answer

The options A, B, and C are all factors that contribute to the difficulty in measuring the degree of difference that leaders can make in an organization. The similarity across leaders reduces the range of characteristics that can be studied, leaders do not have unilateral control over resources which affects their ability to enact change, and external factors such as the economy or competition can be overwhelming and uncontrollable. Therefore, all three options are factors that make it difficult to measure the impact of leaders and the best answer is D.

Question 5

One significant research finding regarding leadership traits is that extreme intelligence differences between leaders and follower ___________.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that extreme intelligence differences between leaders and followers might be dysfunctional, as they can lead to communication barriers and difficulty in understanding each other's perspectives. Moderate differences in intelligence tend to work better in most situations.

Question 6

Using the terms of the University of Michigan studies,the ___________ focuses on completing the task and uses close supervision so that subordinates perform their tasks using specified procedures.

Accepted Answer

The University of Michigan studies identified two leadership styles - job-centered and employee-centered. The job-centered leader focuses on completing the task and uses close supervision to ensure that subordinates perform their tasks using specified procedures. This style emphasizes the work itself rather than the satisfaction of the individuals performing the work.

Question 7

LMX theory suggests that in-group members are likely to receive more challenging assignments than out-group members.

Accepted Answer

According to LMX theory, leaders are likely to develop higher-quality relationships with in-group members and as a result, these members are likely to receive more responsibilities, feedback, and opportunities for growth and development, including more challenging assignments. Out-group members, on the other hand, are likely to receive fewer responsibilities, less feedback, and fewer opportunities for growth and development.

Question 8

The Least Preferred Coworker (LPC)Questionnaire is used to measure in-group versus out-group status.

Accepted Answer

The Least Preferred Coworker (LPC) Questionnaire is used to measure a leader's task or relationship orientation, not in-group versus out-group status.

Question 9

The path-goal approach suggests individuals have more flexibility in leader style than that suggested by Fiedler's contingency model.

Accepted Answer

The path-goal approach emphasizes that the leader's style should be adjusted based on the situation and the needs of the followers, providing more flexibility in leadership style compared to the Fiedler's contingency model.

Question 10

Your employee has a high degree of motivation and unquestioned ability to complete a task.Hersey and Blanchard would say the best leader style to use with this employee is "telling" as you simply have to tell the employee what to do.

Accepted Answer

According to Hersey and Blanchard's situational leadership model, the best leader style to use with an employee who has a high level of motivation and ability would be "delegating," where the leader gives the employee the freedom to complete the task on their own with minimal guidance and support. The "telling" style is better suited for employees who lack motivation and/or ability and need more direction from their leader.

Question 11

The contingency model of leadership effectiveness postulates that the performance of groups is dependent on the interaction between ___________.

Accepted Answer

The contingency model of leadership effectiveness, particularly Fred Fiedler's model, suggests that the effectiveness of a leader is contingent upon the interaction between the leader's style of leadership and the favorableness of the situational context. This model does not specifically combine leadership style with employee favorableness as a primary factor, making option A the correct choice.

Question 12

Jamie supports open communication and participation.This behavior is consistent with a high ___________ tendency.

Accepted Answer

Open communication and participation are characteristics of a high consideration tendency, where leaders focus on building good rapport and ensuring a supportive environment for their team members.

Question 13

Pat has been described as having the ability to cause her followers to accomplish the desired work.This ability termed __________ involves setting objectives,planning work,assigning people to do the work,and following up on the results of the work.

Accepted Answer

Supervisory ability involves overseeing and guiding employees or team members to achieve desired outcomes. It includes setting objectives, planning work, assigning tasks, and monitoring progress, which aligns with the description provided.

Question 14

OSU research represents that typically a ________ initiating structure and ________ consideration is most effective leader style.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that a high initiating structure and high consideration approach is most effective for leadership. This means leaders who clearly define roles and expectations (high initiating structure) while also showing concern and respect for employees' welfare (high consideration) tend to be more effective.

Question 15

___________ assumes that a manager can readily learn to adapt his style to each follower.

Accepted Answer

The situational leadership model assumes that a manager can readily learn to adapt his style to each follower. Fiedler's contingency theory and trait theory do not emphasize the adaptability of a manager's leadership style.

Question 16

As a manager you ________ engage in leadership.

Accepted Answer

Leadership is a role that a manager may take on to inspire and guide their team, but it is not a mandatory aspect of management. Managers can choose to engage in leadership activities or focus on other aspects of their role.

Question 17

The preponderance of leadership theory and research along behavioral lines has depended on the idea that leaders must cope with two separate but interrelated aspects,___________.

Accepted Answer

Leadership theory often emphasizes that leaders need to address both tasks (the work that needs to be done) and people (the individuals doing the work), highlighting the dual focus required for effective leadership.

Question 18

Effectiveness criteria used by the Likert-inspired team at the University of Michigan (UM)included ___________.

Accepted Answer

The Likert-inspired team at UM used all of the above effectiveness criteria, including turnover, costs, and scrap loss. These were important indicators of success for the team's efforts to improve organizational effectiveness, efficiency, and productivity. By monitoring and measuring these factors, the team could assess the impact of their interventions and determine whether they were achieving their goals.

Question 19

OSU research represents the initiating structure and consideration as ___________.

Accepted Answer

OSU research views initiating structure and consideration as two separate dimensions of leadership. Initiating structure refers to the leader's ability to define goals, organize work, and establish procedures. Consideration, on the other hand, refers to the leader's ability to create a supportive work environment, show concern for subordinates, and build relationships. These two dimensions are not mutually exclusive and can be present in different degrees in a leader.

Question 20

LMX theory of leadership,suggests that leader behavior is consistent across subordinates.

Accepted Answer

LMX theory of leadership suggests that leader behavior is not consistent across all subordinates but varies based on the quality of the leader-subordinate relationship.

Quiz 11: Leadership: Fundamentals