Question 1

Developmental psychology:
A) focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems.
B) studies how people grow and change from the moment of conception through death.
C) focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
D) deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychology is the scientific study of changes that occur in human beings over the course of their life span, starting from conception and ending in death. This includes physical, cognitive, social, and emotional development, and the interactions between these areas of development. Thus, option B is the correct choice. Options A, C, and D describe other areas of psychology, such as educational psychology, cognitive psychology, and clinical psychology, respectively.

Question 2

Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking about the world?
A) Behavioral neuroscience
B) Developmental psychology
C) Experimental psychology
D) Health psychology

Accepted Answer

Experimental psychology studies the processes of sensing, perceiving, learning, and thinking about the world through experiments and observation. Behavioral neuroscience, on the other hand, focuses on the biological basis of behavior and mental processes. Developmental psychology explores how individuals develop and change over their lifespan. Health psychology focuses on the relationship between psychological factors and physical health.

Question 3

Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n)_____ psychologist.
A) clinical
B) evolutionary
C) experimental
D) developmental

Accepted Answer

Dr. Ebrahim is studying the development of children's friendships, implying a focus on changes over time, which falls under the domain of developmental psychology. Clinical psychology deals with diagnosing and treating mental illnesses, while evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of human behavior and cognition. Experimental psychology focuses on conducting scientific experiments to test hypotheses.

Question 4

Enterprise City has been hard hit by a recent economic downturn.Local psychologists are holding a public workshop to help the citizens cope with the adversity.Dr.Kurutz is outlining strategies to help laid-off adults avoid overeating,or the use of drugs or alcohol.Dr.Kurutz is most clearly a(n)_____ psychologist.
A) experimental
B) cross-cultural
C) social
D) health

Accepted Answer

Dr. Kurutz's focus on helping individuals cope with adversity by avoiding overeating and substance abuse suggests that they are a health psychologist, who specializes in the intersection between psychological and physical health.

Question 5

Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?
A) Behavioral neuroscience: the influence of chronic stress on physical health
B) Developmental psychology: the effectiveness of drug therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder
C) Cognitive psychology: the influence of on event on people's thinking
D) Health psychology: the role that frustration plays in producing aggression

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following subfields of psychology...

Question 6

A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:
A) it is very difficult to study the mind and behavior scientifically.
B) psychology is a narrower,more specific field than a general definition might suggest.
C) psychologists disagree on how broad psychology should really be.
D) the discipline of psychology really has no core or center.

Accepted Answer

While psychology is often defined as the scientific study of the mind and behavior, there is debate among psychologists about how broad the field really is. Some argue that psychology should focus only on observable behavior, while others believe that thoughts, feelings, and subjective experiences are also important to study. Therefore, a single-sentence definition may not capture the breadth of the field of psychology.

Question 7

Dr.Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood;Dr.Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another.Dr.Chen is a(n)_____ psychologist;Dr.Doherty is a _____.
A) experimental psychologist;cognitive psychologist
B) health psychologist;clinical psychologist
C) developmental psychologist;personality psychologist
D) clinical psychologist;counseling psychologist

Accepted Answer

Dr. Chen's focus on studying growth and development during specific stages qualifies her as a developmental psychologist. Dr. Doherty's focus on distinguishing traits suggests that he is a personality psychologist. Neither of them are experimental, health, clinical, or counseling psychologists.

Question 8

At a conference on terrorism research,a panel of psychologists is discussing suicide bombers.Dr.Gerami outlines the role of charismatic leaders in encouraging the actions of suicide bombers.Dr.Hespeler argues that sometimes,suicide bombing may be seen as a rational response to a particular system of beliefs.Finally,Dr.Islington reviews the internal traits associated with suicide bombing.Which of the following alternatives BEST identifies the subfields in which each of these psychologists probably specializes?
A) Dr.Gerami: personality psychology;Dr.Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Islington: social psychology
B) Dr.Gerami: social psychology;Dr.Hespeler: personality psychology;Dr.Islington: cross-cultural psychology
C) Dr.Gerami: social psychology;Dr.Hespeler: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Islington: personality psychology
D) Dr.Gerami: cross-cultural psychology;Dr.Hespeler: experimental psychology;Dr.Islington: personality psychology

Accepted Answer

Dr. Gerami's focus on charismatic leaders suggests a specialization in social psychology, as this field examines the influence of social factors on behavior. Dr. Hespeler's argument about the rationality of suicide bombing implies a focus on cross-cultural psychology, which examines cultural variations in human behavior. Dr. Islington's review of internal traits aligns with a specialization in personality psychology, which concerns individual differences in behavior and personality. Therefore, choice C best identifies the likely subfields of each psychologist.

Question 9

In order to study mind and behavior,psychologists:
A) rely on the scientific method.
B) use their intuition.
C) rely on the study of internal medicine.
D) use speculation.

Accepted Answer

Psychologists rely on the scientific method, which involves systematic observation, measurement, and experimentation in order to gather data and test hypotheses. This approach emphasizes the importance of empirical evidence and critical thinking, rather than intuition or speculation.

Question 10

_____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
A) Developmental
B) Personality
C) Clinical
D) Cognitive

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology specifically focuses on higher mental processes such as thinking, memory, problem solving, decision making, and language. The other choices (A, B, and C) are focused on different aspects of psychology such as development, personality, and clinical disorders.

Question 11

Akira has declared psychology as his major.He will be studying:
A) internal medicine.
B) behavior and mental processes.
C) mental disorders and their diagnosis and treatment.
D) the disorders of the central nervous system.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the study of behavior and mental processes, making option B the only relevant choice. Options A, C, and D are not directly related to the field of psychology.

Question 12

Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?
A) Behavioral neuroscience: examines the relationship between the nervous system and behavior
B) Cognitive: examines how people grow and change from conception through death
C) Experimental: examines the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking
D) Clinical: deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders

Accepted Answer

The subfield of cognitive psychology examines mental processes such as thinking, problem-solving, and memory, and is not focused on how people grow and change throughout their lifespan. A more appropriate subfield for that description would be developmental psychology.

Question 13

In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?
A) They allow psychologists to explain different types of behavior in the same way.
B) They ultimately share a common goal.
C) They always lead to an M.D.(Doctor of Medicine)degree.
D) They are not related at all,other than being considered part of psychology.

Accepted Answer

The diverse subfields of psychology share a common goal of understanding human behavior and mental processes. While they may differ in their approach and focus, they ultimately contribute to the overall understanding and advancement of psychology as a field.

Question 14

Dr.Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis.Dr.Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____ subfield of psychology.
A) cognitive
B) experimental
C) developmental
D) behavioral neuroscience

Accepted Answer

Dr. Alvarez's focus on the degeneration of components of nerve cells in the brain and its relationship to multiple sclerosis suggests a focus on the biological and physiological processes underlying behavior, which falls under the subfield of behavioral neuroscience.

Question 15

Personality psychology:
A) focuses primarily on educational,social,and career adjustment problems.
B) focuses on the consistency in people's behavior over time and the traits that differentiate one person from another.
C) focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.
D) deals with the study,diagnosis,and treatment of psychological disorders.

Accepted Answer

Personality psychology focuses on examining the patterns of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make each individual unique and the consistency of these patterns over time. It explores traits that differentiate one person from another and how they interact with the environment. Option A focuses on counseling psychology, option C on cognitive psychology, and option D on clinical psychology.

Question 16

How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?
A) They are the same.
B) They are two completely distinct subfields of psychology.
C) Cognitive psychology is part of experimental psychology.
D) Experimental psychology is part of cognitive psychology.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychology is a subfield of experimental psychology that focuses on how people think, perceive information, and learn. Therefore, cognitive psychology is a part of experimental psychology.

Question 17

Why is the term experimental psychology considered somewhat misleading?
A) Psychologists in every subfield use the experimental method.
B) The term is no longer in existence.
C) Most psychological topics are not suited to experimental study.
D) Experimental methods are only appropriate to the study of the biological bases of behavior.

Accepted Answer

The term "experimental psychology" is misleading because it suggests that only this subfield uses experimental methods, whereas psychologists in every subfield use these methods to study various topics.

Question 18

Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease?
A) Developmental psychology
B) Health psychology
C) Perceptual psychology
D) Clinical neuropsychology

Accepted Answer

Health psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease. It focuses on understanding how psychological, behavioral, and cultural factors contribute to physical health and illness.

Question 19

Psychology is defined as the:
A) intuition-based approach to study human behavior.
B) speculative method to find answers about human cognition.
C) study of mental disorders and their treatment.
D) scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Accepted Answer

Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. It is based on empirical evidence and uses systematic methods to observe and analyze human behavior and cognitive processes. Psychology is not based solely on intuition or speculation, although these may play a role in generating hypotheses to be tested through empirical research. While psychology does address mental disorders and their treatment, this is only one aspect of the field and not its primary focus.

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?
A) Obfuscation
B) Description
C) Prediction
D) Explanation

Accepted Answer

Obfuscation, meaning intentionally making something confusing or unclear, is not a goal of psychology. The actual goals of psychology are to describe, predict, and explain human behavior and mental processes.

Quiz 1: Introduction to Psychology

Developmental psychology:

Which of the following branches of psychology studies the processes of sensing,perceiving,learning,and thinking about the world?

Dr.Ebrahim examines how children's friendships change through elementary and middle-school years.Dr.Ebrahim is a(n) _____ psychologist.

Which of the following subfields of psychology is CORRECTLY matched with a sample topic?

A single-sentence definition of psychology may be misleading because:

Dr.Chen studies how people grow and change during late adolescence and young adulthood;Dr.Doherty focuses on several traits that distinguish one person from another.Dr.Chen is a(n) _ psychologist;Dr.Doherty is a _.

In order to study mind and behavior,psychologists:

_____ psychology focuses on higher mental processes,including thinking,memory,reasoning,problem solving,judging,decision making,and language.

Akira has declared psychology as his major.He will be studying:

Which of the following subfields of psychology is INCORRECTLY matched with its description?

In what way are the diverse subfields of psychology related?

Dr.Alvarez studies how the degeneration of certain components of nerve cells in the brain might contribute to the development of multiple sclerosis.Dr.Alvarez's work BEST exemplifies the _____ subfield of psychology.

Personality psychology:

How are cognitive and experimental psychology related?

Why is the term experimental psychology considered somewhat misleading?

Which branch of psychology explores the relationship between psychological factors and physical ailments or disease?

Psychology is defined as the:

Which of the following is NOT one of the goals of psychology?