Question 1

Which of the following is true of peripheral route processing?

Accepted Answer

Peripheral route processing involves being persuaded by factors that are peripheral to the actual quality and detail of the message, such as the attractiveness of the speaker or the popularity of the idea. The other choices are not accurate descriptions of peripheral route processing.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of factors that determine changes in attitudes?

Accepted Answer

The expertise and trustworthiness of the communicator have been found to be related to the impact of a message. Research has shown that messages delivered by experts or trustworthy sources are more persuasive than those delivered by less trustworthy sources. Additionally, fear-inducing messages can be effective, but only if they do not overwhelm the audience and provide a means of reducing fear. Two-sided messages can also be more persuasive than one-sided messages in certain circumstances. Finally, there is evidence of gender differences in persuasibility, with women generally being more susceptible to persuasive messages than men.

Question 3

_____ occurs when people are persuaded on the basis of factors unrelated to the nature or quality of the content of a persuasive message.

Accepted Answer

Peripheral route processing occurs when people are persuaded on the basis of factors unrelated to the nature or quality of the content of a persuasive message. This can include things like the speaker's appearance or the use of emotional appeals, rather than the logical or factual content of the message itself.

Question 4

You are developing advertisements to promote a political candidate.One ad is a radio spot airing during "drive time," when listeners are stressed,distracted,and impatient.Another advertisement is a print ad to appear in national newspapers and business magazines.From this information,which of the following would you recommend?

Accepted Answer

A radio spot airing during "drive time" is not a good opportunity to rely on the central route to persuasion as the audience may be stressed, distracted, and impatient. Therefore, it is much more effective to rely on the peripheral route to persuasion with attractive images or music to catch their attention quickly. However, a print ad in national newspapers and business magazines provides an opportunity for the audience to examine the content and think more carefully about the message. Therefore, it is recommended to rely on the central route to persuasion with well-reasoned arguments and evidence.

Question 5

Blanche is extremely interested in politics and believes an upcoming election is very important to the future.Blanche would most likely be persuaded by a campaign message relying on the _____ route to persuasion.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Blanche is extremely interested in politics and...

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of central route processing?

Accepted Answer

Central route processing involves being persuaded by the logic and strength of arguments, as well as other factors related to the content of the message. It is the opposite of peripheral route processing, which relies on extraneous factors such as emotional appeal or source credibility. People who engage in central route processing are motivated, interested, and able to process information deeply.

Question 7

Which of the following is true of central route processing?

Accepted Answer

Central route processing involves deep thinking and analytical processing of a message. Therefore, people with a high habitual level of thoughtfulness and cognitive activity are more likely to employ central route processing. A, B, and C are incorrect because they suggest that disinterest, low need for cognition, and impatience lead to central route processing, which is not true.

Question 8

Andrea and Lily went together to watch a movie.Andrea was very excited to watch the movie whereas Lily was absolutely bored and disinterested.While Andrea liked the script and the message of the movie,Lily liked only the location and the clothes worn by the lead actors in the movie.From this information,one can infer that Lily:

Accepted Answer

Lily's focus on the location and clothes of the actors suggests that she is more focused on superficial aspects rather than the actual message or content of the movie. This suggests that she is using peripheral route processing, which involves being influenced by superficial cues rather than logical or complex messages.

Question 9

Richard,a venture capitalist,funds budding entrepreneurs on the basis of the business plans presented.When a business plan is complex,logical,and presented in a detailed manner,Richard is convinced and provides funding to the entrepreneur.This implies that Richard:

Accepted Answer

Richard is more likely persuaded by using central route processing as he is convinced by complex, logical and detailed business plans presented by entrepreneurs. Central route processing involves deeper, systematic and logical thinking which is evident in Richard's funding decisions.

Question 10

Which of the following occurs when the recipient thoughtfully considers the issues and arguments involved in persuasion?

Accepted Answer

Central route processing occurs when the recipient thoughtfully considers the issues and arguments involved in persuasion, rather than being swayed by superficial factors like the speaker's appearance or emotional appeal.

Question 11

An ad agency creates two ads for a particular car.One stresses the car's safety and gas mileage;the other simply shows how fun it is to drive.The first ad relies on the _____ route to persuasion;the second,on the _____ route.

Accepted Answer

The answer of An ad agency creates two ads for...

Question 12

As compared to a one-sided message,a two-sided message is:

Accepted Answer

A two-sided message is more persuasive than a one-sided message because it acknowledges the opposing viewpoint and then refutes it, thus creating a sense of credibility and trustworthiness in the mind of the audience. This approach increases the persuasiveness of the message.

Question 13

The mental conflict that occurs when a person holds two contradictory attitudes or thoughts is known as:

Accepted Answer

Cognitive dissonance refers to the discomfort or confusion that arises from holding two contradictory thoughts or beliefs. This can lead to an internal conflict that can cause anxiety, stress, or other negative emotions unless the person resolves the inconsistency by changing their beliefs or behaviors. Social cognition refers to the mental processes involved in perceiving, processing, and interpreting social information, while the halo effect and schema are specific types of cognitive biases that reflect how people simplify and categorize information to make sense of the world around them.

Question 14

Fallon has an idea of what politicians are like: They are often lawyers;they are smooth and communicate well;but they are not always honest.These characteristics are components of Fallon's _____ of politicians.

Accepted Answer

Fallon's idea of what politicians are like is a mental framework or template that helps organize and categorize information about politicians. This is known as a schema, which is a cognitive structure that represents knowledge about a category or type of stimulus. Choices A, C, and D are not as accurate because they do not specifically refer to this type of mental framework.

Question 15

Social psychologist Leon Festinger is associated with the study of:

Accepted Answer

Leon Festinger is most well-known for his theory of cognitive dissonance, which states that individuals experience a state of discomfort or dissonance when they hold two conflicting beliefs or engage in behavior that goes against their attitudes or values. This discomfort motivates individuals to seek out ways to reduce the dissonance and bring their beliefs and behavior into alignment.

Question 16

A person who enjoys thinking,reflecting,and philosophizing is most likely to score high on a measure of the need for:

Accepted Answer

The need for cognition refers to the enjoyment of thinking and reflecting deeply. People who score high on this trait tend to enjoy intellectual challenges and engage in activities such as reading and debating philosophical or abstract topics. The other options, achievement, ideation, and affiliation, are not necessarily linked to a love of thinking and reflection.

Question 17

Carter loves philosophical discussions and theoretical debates;Dante,by contrast,is more interested in the practical and concrete and becomes impatient with hypothetical speculations.Carter is most likely to be persuaded via the _____ route;Dante,via the _____.

Accepted Answer

Carter is more likely to be persuaded via the central route because he is interested in theoretical debates and philosophical discussions, which require thoughtful analysis and consideration. Dante, on the other hand, is more likely to be persuaded via the peripheral route because he is more interested in practical and concrete information that is immediately applicable to his life.

Question 18

Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences are called _____.

Accepted Answer

Sets of cognitions about people and social experiences are called schemas. Images refer to mental pictures, algorithms refer to a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem, and halo effects refer to the tendency for our overall impression of someone to influence how we feel and think about their character or abilities.

Question 19

Mr.Muller has an unfavorable view of an offshore drilling moratorium enacted in the wake of a major oil rig explosion in the Gulf of Mexico.A social psychologist would most likely say that Mr.Muller has a(n):

Accepted Answer

An attitude is a settled way of thinking or feeling about something, and Mr. Muller's unfavorable view of the moratorium is reflective of his attitude towards it. Attribution refers to the process by which individuals explain the cause of behavior or events, schema refers to a mental framework or concept that helps organize and interpret information, and impression refers to the overall perception or feeling that one has about a person or situation, none of which accurately describe Mr. Muller's perspective on the moratorium.

Question 20

An advertising agency creates two television commercials for a line of kitchen and laundry appliances.Commercial A emphasizes the sleek styling of the appliances,whereas Commercial B stresses the reliability and energy efficiency of the machines.Should the effectiveness of the two commercials vary as a function of viewers' need for cognition?

Accepted Answer

Viewers with low need for cognition are more likely to be influenced by superficial cues like styling, making Commercial A more effective for them. In contrast, viewers with high need for cognition prefer detailed, logical information, making Commercial B more effective for them.

Quiz 14: Health Psychology: Stress Coping and Well-Being