Installing Well-Conceived State-Of-The-Art Support Systems Are an Important Managerial Component

Installing well-conceived state-of-the-art support systems are an important managerial component of implementing and executing strategy because

A) such systems are essential to being able to engage in effective benchmarking and continuous improvement.
B) such support systems not only enable better strategy execution but also strengthen organizational capabilities (perhaps enough to provide a competitive edge over rivals) .
C) they help managers run a tight ship and preserve strong, centralized control over internal activities.
D) they are the basis for revamping value chains, boosting labor productivity, and reducing operating costs.
E) decentralized decision-making and employee empowerment cannot work well without having well-conceived information and operating systems to accurately benchmark internally-performed value chain activities against best-in-industry and best-in-class performers.