Question 1

In drawing conclusions about the relationship between imagery and perception, a notable difference between them is that
A) perception and imagery processes do not share the same brain mechanisms.
B) it is harder to manipulate mental images than perceptual images.
C) imagery is more stable than perception.
D) imagery occurs more automatically than perception.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that it is easier to manipulate perceptual images than mental images, suggesting that there are different mechanisms at play in each process.

Question 2

The pegword technique is particularly suitable for use when you need to remember items based on their
A) order.
B) importance.
C) concreteness.
D) bizarreness.

Accepted Answer

The pegword technique involves creating a set of pegs, such as a list of rhyming words or numbers, and then mentally associating each item you need to remember with the peg in order. This relies on remembering the order of the pegs, making Option A the correct choice.

Question 3

Discuss mental rotation experimental results and mental-scanning experimental results that support the idea that the spatial experience for both imagery and perception match the layout of the actual stimulus.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss mental rotation experimental results and mental-scanning...

Question 4

A circular plate rests at the center of a small square table.Around the table are a total of four chairs, one along each side of the square table.A person with unilateral neglect sits down in one of the chairs and eats from the plate.After he is "finished," he moves to the next chair on his right and continues to eat from the plate.Assuming he never moves the plate and he continues with this procedure (moving one chair to the right and eating)how many chairs will he have to sit in to eat all the food on the plate?
A) 4
B) 3
C) 2
D) 1

Accepted Answer

Since there are only four chairs, the person will end up back at the starting chair after moving to the fourth chair. Therefore, he only needs to sit in three chairs to eat all the food on the plate.

Question 5

Describe the spatial and propositional explanations of the mechanisms responsible for imagery.Also, explain how the propositional explanation would account for the results of Kosslyn's island mental-scanning experiment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the spatial and propositional explanations of...

Question 6

To explain the fact that some neuropsychological studies show close parallels between perceptual deficits and deficits in imagery, while other studies do not find this parallel, it has been proposed that the mechanism for imagery is located at _____ visual centers and the mechanism for perception is located at _____ visual centers.
A) lower; higher
B) higher; lower
C) both lower and higher; higher
D) higher; both lower and higher

Accepted Answer

This choice proposes that the mechanism for imagery is located at higher visual centers (beyond early sensory processing) and the mechanism for perception is located at both lower and higher visual centers. This can explain the close parallels found in some studies, as they may be testing both perception and imagery at higher visual centers, but the lack of a parallel in other studies may be due to differences in which visual centers are being tested.

Question 7

The rule-based approach to mechanical problem-solving is analogous to the idea that visual imagery involves ____ representations.
A) spatial
B) propositional
C) tacit
D) neuron

Accepted Answer

The rule-based approach to mechanical problem-solving is similar to the propositional representation in visual imagery, which involves abstract, language-like descriptions rather than spatial or pictorial forms.

Question 8

Explain the mental walk task.Describe the concept of "overflow" as it applies to the imaging of large and small objects.What do the results of mental walk experiments tell us about properties of the image field? Which side of the "imagery debate" do these findings support?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the mental walk task.Describe the concept...

Question 9

The technique in which things to be remembered are placed at different locations in a mental image of a spatial layout is known as
A) the pegword technique.
B) method of loci.
C) paired-associate learning.
D) a propositional representation.

Accepted Answer

The technique described is known as the method of loci, where items to be remembered are associated with different locations in a mental image of a specific spatial layout or familiar environment. This technique has been used for centuries as a mnemonic device. Option A, pegword technique, involves creating associations between a set of predefined words and the items to be remembered. Option C, paired-associate learning, involves learning a set of word pairs in which one word serves as a retrieval cue for the other. Option D, propositional representation, refers to the way information is represented and stored in memory in terms of abstract concepts and relationships rather than specific sensory experiences.

Question 10

Wilma is a famous chef.Since she does not like to share her secret family recipes, she does not write down her special creations, which makes it difficult to remember their ingredients.To aid her memory, she has created a unique "mental walk" that she takes to recall each recipe.For each one, she has a familiar "route" she can imagine walking through (e.g., from the end of her driveway to her living room)where she places each item in the recipe somewhere along the way (e.g., Tabasco sauce splattered on the front door).By doing so, Wilma is using _____ to organize her memories.
A) mental synthesis
B) paired-associate learning
C) the pegword technique
D) method of loci

Accepted Answer

Wilma is using the method of loci, also known as the memory palace technique, to organize her memories. This technique involves associating each item to be remembered with a specific location along a familiar route or "mental walk."

Question 11

Much has been learned about imagery using physiological techniques.Explain how each of these techniques (brain imaging, removal of part of the brain, neuropsychology, and single-neuron recordings)has demonstrated parallels between imagery and perception.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Much has been learned about imagery using...

Question 12

Describe the conceptual peg hypothesis.As examples, use the experimental results from the presentation of concrete vs.abstract noun pairs.Explain the paired-associate learning task, and provide examples of stimuli that had high recall in the task.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the conceptual peg hypothesis.As examples, use...

Question 13

Describe in detail two techniques that use imagery to improve memory.Explain the underlying principles that define why imagery works successfully as a memory enhancer.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe in detail two techniques that use...

Question 14

As described in your text, the pegword technique relies on all of the following EXCEPT
A) associations.
B) propositions.
C) rhymes.
D) visualizations.

Accepted Answer

The pegword technique relies on creating vivid mental images and associations between a list of items and a set of pre-memorized words or phrases (the pegs). It also utilizes rhymes and visualizations in order to enhance memory. However, it does not rely on propositions, which are statements or assertions.

Question 15

The mental simulation approach for solving mechanical problems is analogous to the idea that visual imagery involves ____ representations.
A) spatial
B) propositional
C) symbolic
D) verbal

Accepted Answer

The mental simulation approach for solving mechanical problems involves creating a mental representation of the problem space and mentally manipulating objects in that space. This approach relies heavily on spatial representations. Visual imagery involves similar spatial representations, as individuals mentally visualize objects and manipulate them in a mental space. Propositional and symbolic representations are more closely associated with language and verbal reasoning, while verbal representations involve language-based processing.

Question 16

Describe the evidence showing that solving mechanical problems can involve mental simulation, and explain how this evidence relates to visual imagery.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the evidence showing that solving mechanical...

Question 17

The water-pouring problem, in particular, shows that its solution using imagery cannot depend on
A) a rule-based approach.
B) mental simulation.
C) tacit-knowledge.
D) working memory.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The water-pouring problem, in particular, shows that...

Question 18

The lesson to be learned from the imagery techniques for memory enhancement (for example, the pegword technique)is that these techniques work because
A) distinctive images tend to provide easy "magical" improvements in memory.
B) they tap into reliable ways to develop "photographic" memory.
C) their flexible, undefined structures allow rememberers to spontaneously organize information in any way they want.
D) they showcase the fact that memory improvement requires a great deal of practice and perseverance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The lesson to be learned from the...

Question 19

In explaining the paradox that imagery and perception exhibit a double dissociation, Behrmann and coworkers suggested that perception necessarily involves _____ processing and imagery starts as a _____ process.
A) bottom-up; bottom-up
B) top-down; top-down
C) bottom-up; top-down
D) top-down; bottom-up

Accepted Answer

The answer of In explaining the paradox that imagery and...

Quiz 10: Visual Imagery

In drawing conclusions about the relationship between imagery and perception, a notable difference between them is that

The pegword technique is particularly suitable for use when you need to remember items based on their

Discuss mental rotation experimental results and mental-scanning experimental results that support the idea that the spatial experience for both imagery and perception match the layout of the actual stimulus.

Describe the spatial and propositional explanations of the mechanisms responsible for imagery.Also, explain how the propositional explanation would account for the results of Kosslyn's island mental-scanning experiment.

The rule-based approach to mechanical problem-solving is analogous to the idea that visual imagery involves ____ representations.

Explain the mental walk task.Describe the concept of "overflow" as it applies to the imaging of large and small objects.What do the results of mental walk experiments tell us about properties of the image field? Which side of the "imagery debate" do these findings support?

The technique in which things to be remembered are placed at different locations in a mental image of a spatial layout is known as

Much has been learned about imagery using physiological techniques.Explain how each of these techniques (brain imaging, removal of part of the brain, neuropsychology, and single-neuron recordings)has demonstrated parallels between imagery and perception.

Describe the conceptual peg hypothesis.As examples, use the experimental results from the presentation of concrete vs.abstract noun pairs.Explain the paired-associate learning task, and provide examples of stimuli that had high recall in the task.

Describe in detail two techniques that use imagery to improve memory.Explain the underlying principles that define why imagery works successfully as a memory enhancer.

As described in your text, the pegword technique relies on all of the following EXCEPT

The mental simulation approach for solving mechanical problems is analogous to the idea that visual imagery involves ____ representations.

Describe the evidence showing that solving mechanical problems can involve mental simulation, and explain how this evidence relates to visual imagery.

The water-pouring problem, in particular, shows that its solution using imagery cannot depend on

The lesson to be learned from the imagery techniques for memory enhancement (for example, the pegword technique) is that these techniques work because

In explaining the paradox that imagery and perception exhibit a double dissociation, Behrmann and coworkers suggested that perception necessarily involves _ processing and imagery starts as a _ process.