Question 1

Research on the link between happiness and health demonstrates that ____.
A) there is actually a weak link here, and it is not clear what causes what
B) there is actually a weak link here, though it appears that health drives happiness (rather than happiness driving health)
C) there is a strong link here, although it is not clear what causes what
D) there is a strong link here, and it appears that health drives happiness (rather than happiness driving health)

Accepted Answer

Research indicates a strong link between happiness and health, but it is often unclear whether happiness leads to better health or vice versa.

Question 2

What role does culture play in parenting and happiness?
A) Most cultures are more concerned with the happiness of parents than the survival of their children.
B) Most cultures help promote the idea (even when false) that having children will make you happy.
C) All successful cultures encourage birth control and deliberate processing before having children.
D) Very few cultures glorify parenthood; instead, most tend to disapprove of those who reproduce.

Accepted Answer

Culture often promotes the idea that having children will bring happiness, even when this is not always true. This can influence parenting decisions and expectations, as well as contribute to a cultural emphasis on reproduction and family structure.

Question 3

Of the factors listed below, the strongest predictor of a person's happiness is ____.
A) one's income (relative to the average income for his/her demographic)
B) the number of blood relatives with whom a person regularly communicates
C) one's level of physical health
D) how happy the person was 10 years earlier

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that a person's level of happiness tends to be stable over time and is strongly predicted by their level of happiness in the past. This suggests that one's general outlook on life and their ability to experience positive emotions may be a relatively stable trait. While income, social support, and physical health can certainly impact happiness, they are generally less predictive than one's baseline level of happiness.

Question 4

The idea that people maintain relatively constant levels of happiness or unhappiness-regardless of what happens to them-has been referred to as ____.
A) the hedonic treadmill
B) the broaden-and-build theory
C) emotional intelligence (EQ)
D) personal affective index

Accepted Answer

The idea that people maintain relatively constant levels of happiness or unhappiness-regardless of what happens to them-is referred to as the hedonic treadmill. This phenomenon suggests that people adjust to changes in their lives, positive or negative, and eventually return to their baseline level of happiness.

Question 5

Overall happiness tends to ____.
A) be most dependent on objective factors
B) remain the same over time
C) be governed largely by our circumstances
D) vary widely during the course of one's lifetime

Accepted Answer

Research shows that overall happiness tends to remain relatively stable over time, despite changes in circumstances. This stability suggests that happiness levels may be influenced more by internal factors, such as personality traits and mindset, rather than external circumstances.

Question 6

Scores on the AIM instrument tell us ____.
A) how precise an emotional experience is for a person
B) the source of emotional experience in individuals
C) how intense an emotional experience is for a person
D) the relative balance of good versus bad emotion in a person's life

Accepted Answer

Scores on the AIM instrument measure the intensity of emotional experiences for a person.

Question 7

Research on the objective and subjective predictors of happiness indicates that ____ has only a weak relationship to happiness, but ____ is a strong predictor of happiness.
A) how often you get sick; how often people around you get sick
B) how often you get sick; how satisfied you are with your health
C) how often people around you get sick; how often you get sick
D) how satisfied you are with your health; how often you get sick

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that how satisfied a person is with their health is a strong predictor of their happiness, whereas how often they get sick has only a weak relationship to happiness. Therefore, option B - how often you get sick; how satisfied you are with your health is the best choice as only the second option is a strong predictor of happiness.

Question 8

The most complex form of happiness is ____.
A) emotional intelligence (EQ)
B) affect balance
C) positive emotion index (PEI)
D) life satisfaction

Accepted Answer

Life satisfaction is considered the most complex form of happiness as it encompasses a long-term evaluation of one's life as a whole, integrating various aspects such as achievements, relationships, and personal goals.

Question 9

Research on the so-called "hedonic treadmill" has shown that both state lottery winners and paralysis victims ____, although paralysis victims ____.
A) "get over it" and return to preexisting levels of happiness more quickly than might be expected; do not recover as quickly
B) "get over it" and return to preexisting levels of happiness more quickly than might be expected; actually recover even more quickly
C) take longer to "get over it" and return to preexisting levels of happiness than might be expected; take an especially long time to recover
D) take longer to "get over it" and return to preexisting levels of happiness than might be expected; actually recover more quickly

Accepted Answer

Research on the "hedonic treadmill" suggests that people tend to return to a baseline level of happiness after significant positive or negative events. Lottery winners and paralysis victims both eventually return to their preexisting levels of happiness, but paralysis victims do not recover as quickly as lottery winners.

Question 10

Research on happiness and parenting indicates that couples who have children are ____ than couples who do not have children, although ____.
A) happier; this finding is not consistent
B) happier; people expect that having children will make them less happy
C) less happy; this finding is not consistent
D) less happy; people expect that having children will make them happier

Accepted Answer

Research often shows that couples with children report lower levels of happiness compared to those without children, despite societal expectations that having children will increase happiness.

Question 11

As discussed in the text, one study conducted in 2001 examined short biographies that were written by nuns in 1930. The study found that the nuns who ____ in the biographies had lived about 10 years longer than the nuns who didn't.
A) focused on their adult lives rather than their childhoods
B) expressed high commitment to being a nun
C) focused on other people (rather than themselves)
D) expressed high positive emotions

Accepted Answer

The study found that nuns who expressed high positive emotions in their biographies lived about 10 years longer than those who did not. This suggests a possible link between positive emotions and longevity.

Question 12

The factor that appears to be most strongly related to happiness is ____.
A) one's physical health or well-being
B) whether one is alone in the world or has social connections
C) the economic condition of one's country or society
D) one's own economic condition

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that social connections, such as having close relationships with family and friends, are a strong predictor of happiness. While physical health and economic conditions can also have an impact on happiness, the strength of their influence appears to be less than that of social connections.

Question 13

Which of the following items would be most likely to be found on the AIM instrument?
A) When I am nervous, I get shaky all over.
B) I feel guilty sometimes.
C) I feel happier when I smile.
D) I am generally satisfied with my life.

Accepted Answer

The AIM (Anxiety Inventory for Children and Adolescents) is a questionnaire designed to assess anxiety symptoms in children and adolescents. Option A reflects a physical symptom of anxiety and is therefore more likely to be included in the AIM instrument compared to options B, C, and D.

Question 14

Research on happiness and parenting indicates that couples who have children are ____ than couples who do not have children, although ____.
A) happier, this finding is not consistent
B) happier, this may be a modern phenomenon
C) less happy, this finding is not consistent
D) less happy, this may be a modern phenomenon

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that couples who have children are slightly less happy than couples without children, although this finding is not consistent across all studies. Some researchers suggest that this may be a modern phenomenon as parenting has become more intensive and time-consuming in recent years, leading to more stress and less satisfaction.

Question 15

Research on "positive psychology" indicates that you may be able to increase your overall level of happiness if you sit down once or twice a week and make a list of ____.
A) all the good things that have happened to you
B) all the ways that you are better than other people
C) all the bad things that have happened to other people
D) all the good things you have done for other people

Accepted Answer

Research on positive psychology suggests that making a list of all the good things that have happened to you can increase your overall level of happiness. Focusing on the positive aspects of your life can help shift your mindset towards gratitude and contentment. Making a habit of this practice once or twice a week may have a positive impact on your happiness levels. Choices B and C involve comparing oneself to others, which can lead to feelings of inferiority or superiority, and is not likely to increase overall happiness. Choice D involves focusing on good deeds done for others, which can be a positive practice, but may not have as strong an impact on personal happiness levels as focusing on one's own positive experiences.

Question 16

Research on the so-called "hedonic treadmill" would predict that people who have received life sentences to prison would ____.
A) tend to show more excitation transfer of emotions as time went on
B) tend to avoid affective forecasting
C) become more and more devastated by their sentencing as time went on
D) be devastated by their sentencing, but return to nearly pre-prison levels of happiness within a few years

Accepted Answer

The hedonic treadmill suggests that individuals adapt to their circumstances and will return to their previous levels of happiness. Therefore, despite initially being devastated by their life sentence, those individuals would eventually adapt and return to nearly pre-prison levels of happiness within a few years.

Question 17

Lottery winners are no happier than anyone else a year after their big win. Similarly, people who have experienced serious physical injuries seem to "get over it" fairly well across time and return to their pre-injury level of happiness. These findings are consistent with research on ____.
A) the hedonic treadmill
B) the broaden-and-build theory
C) emotional intelligence (EQ)
D) personal affective indices

Accepted Answer

The hedonic treadmill refers to the tendency for people to adapt to changes in their life and return to their previous level of happiness, regardless of whether it is a positive or negative change. This is consistent with the findings that lottery winners and those who have experienced serious physical injuries both return to their previous level of happiness.

Question 18

The following people have scored high on the AIM. Taking this score into account, which one would most likely have the highest quality of life?
A) Jody, who has a relatively "easy" life with lots of good experiences
B) Jim, who has a relatively "difficult" life with lots of stressors
C) Janna, whose life is a balance between good and bad experiences
D) Jarboe, who is low on life satisfaction

Accepted Answer

Jody, who has a relatively "easy" life with lots of good experiences, is likely to have the highest quality of life as positive experiences and fewer stressors generally contribute to higher life satisfaction and well-being.

Question 19

Research on marriage, parenting, and happiness suggests that one of the happiest times in people's lives, especially for women, is the ____.
A) interval between the day one is engaged and the day one is married
B) interval between the day one is married and the day one's first child is born
C) first year after one's first child is born
D) first year after one's children have grown up and left the parents' house

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that women tend to experience a peak in happiness during the period between marriage and the birth of their first child. This may be due to the excitement and anticipation of starting a family and the sense of security and stability that comes with marriage.

Question 20

Which statement is most accurate regarding the happiness levels of parents?
A) Having children increases happiness in parents.
B) Having children makes life richer and more meaningful.
C) Having children has resulted in reduced happiness levels in parents throughout history.
D) Having children decreases the belief that one will be happier as a parent, but in fact, happiness levels do increase.

Accepted Answer

Research and surveys often find that while having children can increase stress and financial burdens, many parents report that their children make their lives richer and more meaningful. This sense of meaning and fulfillment contributes to an overall sense of well-being, even if day-to-day happiness might fluctuate.

Quiz 6: Emotion and Affect

Research on the link between happiness and health demonstrates that ____.

What role does culture play in parenting and happiness?

Of the factors listed below, the strongest predictor of a person's happiness is ____.

The idea that people maintain relatively constant levels of happiness or unhappiness-regardless of what happens to them-has been referred to as ____.

Overall happiness tends to ____.

Scores on the AIM instrument tell us ____.

Research on the objective and subjective predictors of happiness indicates that has only a weak relationship to happiness, but is a strong predictor of happiness.

The most complex form of happiness is ____.

Research on the so-called "hedonic treadmill" has shown that both state lottery winners and paralysis victims , although paralysis victims .

Research on happiness and parenting indicates that couples who have children are than couples who do not have children, although .

As discussed in the text, one study conducted in 2001 examined short biographies that were written by nuns in 1930. The study found that the nuns who ____ in the biographies had lived about 10 years longer than the nuns who didn't.

The factor that appears to be most strongly related to happiness is ____.

Which of the following items would be most likely to be found on the AIM instrument?

Research on happiness and parenting indicates that couples who have children are than couples who do not have children, although .

Research on "positive psychology" indicates that you may be able to increase your overall level of happiness if you sit down once or twice a week and make a list of ____.

Research on the so-called "hedonic treadmill" would predict that people who have received life sentences to prison would ____.

Lottery winners are no happier than anyone else a year after their big win. Similarly, people who have experienced serious physical injuries seem to "get over it" fairly well across time and return to their pre-injury level of happiness. These findings are consistent with research on ____.

The following people have scored high on the AIM. Taking this score into account, which one would most likely have the highest quality of life?

Research on marriage, parenting, and happiness suggests that one of the happiest times in people's lives, especially for women, is the ____.

Which statement is most accurate regarding the happiness levels of parents?