Question 1

A nurse is assessing a child who shows marked abnormalities in speech patterns. These includes using you in place of I, parroting words and phrases, and repeating questions rather than answering them. The nurse should recognize that these are characteristic of which condition?

Accepted Answer

A)Using you in place of I, engaging in echolalia (compulsive parroting of a word of phrase just spoken by another), and repeating questions rather than answering them are speech patterns typically indicative of autism spectrum disorder. Speech abnormalities are generally not seen in cerebral palsy, ADHD, or failure to thrive.
B)Using you in place of I, engaging in echolalia (compulsive parroting of a word of phrase just spoken by another), and repeating questions rather than answering them are speech patterns typically indicative of autism spectrum disorder. Speech abnormalities are generally not seen in cerebral palsy, ADHD, or failure to thrive.
C)Using you in place of I, engaging in echolalia (compulsive parroting of a word of phrase just spoken by another), and repeating questions rather than answering them are speech patterns typically indicative of autism spectrum disorder. Speech abnormalities are generally not seen in cerebral palsy, ADHD, or failure to thrive.
D)Using you in place of I, engaging in echolalia (compulsive parroting of a word of phrase just spoken by another), and repeating questions rather than answering them are speech patterns typically indicative of autism spectrum disorder. Speech abnormalities are generally not seen in cerebral palsy, ADHD, or failure to thrive.

Question 2

The nurse is caring for an adult client with ASD. He indicates that he struggles with finding and maintaining employment. Which action by the nurse best addresses the client's needs?

Accepted Answer

A)Adults with ASD are most successful when they seek employment opportunities that play to their strengths. Many adults with ASD are financially subsidized by the state, but if the client wishes to work, the nurse should encourage him and help him with that goal. Working for a family member or friend's business might help the client find a job, but does not address the issues that make it difficult for him to keep a job. Communication is a struggle with clients with ASD, but discouraging communication with others would not be appropriate, nor is it realistic in the workplace.
B)Adults with ASD are most successful when they seek employment opportunities that play to their strengths. Many adults with ASD are financially subsidized by the state, but if the client wishes to work, the nurse should encourage him and help him with that goal. Working for a family member or friend's business might help the client find a job, but does not address the issues that make it difficult for him to keep a job. Communication is a struggle with clients with ASD, but discouraging communication with others would not be appropriate, nor is it realistic in the workplace.
C)Adults with ASD are most successful when they seek employment opportunities that play to their strengths. Many adults with ASD are financially subsidized by the state, but if the client wishes to work, the nurse should encourage him and help him with that goal. Working for a family member or friend's business might help the client find a job, but does not address the issues that make it difficult for him to keep a job. Communication is a struggle with clients with ASD, but discouraging communication with others would not be appropriate, nor is it realistic in the workplace.
D)Adults with ASD are most successful when they seek employment opportunities that play to their strengths. Many adults with ASD are financially subsidized by the state, but if the client wishes to work, the nurse should encourage him and help him with that goal. Working for a family member or friend's business might help the client find a job, but does not address the issues that make it difficult for him to keep a job. Communication is a struggle with clients with ASD, but discouraging communication with others would not be appropriate, nor is it realistic in the workplace.

Question 3

A pediatric nurse is performing an assessment on a toddler who is suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following questions to the parents would be least useful in gathering the information necessary to appropriately assess the toddler for this disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)Manic or depressed episodes are characteristics of bipolar disorder, not autism. Autism is characterized by social isolation, communication impairment, and strange repetitive behaviors.
B)Manic or depressed episodes are characteristics of bipolar disorder, not autism. Autism is characterized by social isolation, communication impairment, and strange repetitive behaviors.
C)Manic or depressed episodes are characteristics of bipolar disorder, not autism. Autism is characterized by social isolation, communication impairment, and strange repetitive behaviors.
D)Manic or depressed episodes are characteristics of bipolar disorder, not autism. Autism is characterized by social isolation, communication impairment, and strange repetitive behaviors.

Question 4

An individual with ASD who demonstrates marked distress on switching activities (such as responding with loud verbalizations and behaviors that could result in self-harm)is demonstrating which level of clinical manifestations of the disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)Marked distress on switching activities is a level III manifestation of ASD. Level I manifestations typically include inflexible behavior and organizational problems, and level II manifestations typically involve difficult switching activities but not distress. There is no level IV categorization for clinical manifestations.
B)Marked distress on switching activities is a level III manifestation of ASD. Level I manifestations typically include inflexible behavior and organizational problems, and level II manifestations typically involve difficult switching activities but not distress. There is no level IV categorization for clinical manifestations.
C)Marked distress on switching activities is a level III manifestation of ASD. Level I manifestations typically include inflexible behavior and organizational problems, and level II manifestations typically involve difficult switching activities but not distress. There is no level IV categorization for clinical manifestations.
D)Marked distress on switching activities is a level III manifestation of ASD. Level I manifestations typically include inflexible behavior and organizational problems, and level II manifestations typically involve difficult switching activities but not distress. There is no level IV categorization for clinical manifestations.

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old client diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy (CP). Which of the following clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate when assessing this client? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Hypotonia in infancy and muscle instability are seen in ataxic CP. Hemiplegia and hypertonia are seen in spastic CP. Tremors and exaggerated posturing are seen in dyskinetic CP. Hypertonia and persistent primitive reflexes are seen in spastic CP.
B)Hypotonia in infancy and muscle instability are seen in ataxic CP. Hemiplegia and hypertonia are seen in spastic CP. Tremors and exaggerated posturing are seen in dyskinetic CP. Hypertonia and persistent primitive reflexes are seen in spastic CP.
C)Hypotonia in infancy and muscle instability are seen in ataxic CP. Hemiplegia and hypertonia are seen in spastic CP. Tremors and exaggerated posturing are seen in dyskinetic CP. Hypertonia and persistent primitive reflexes are seen in spastic CP.
D)Hypotonia in infancy and muscle instability are seen in ataxic CP. Hemiplegia and hypertonia are seen in spastic CP. Tremors and exaggerated posturing are seen in dyskinetic CP. Hypertonia and persistent primitive reflexes are seen in spastic CP.
E)Hypotonia in infancy and muscle instability are seen in ataxic CP. Hemiplegia and hypertonia are seen in spastic CP. Tremors and exaggerated posturing are seen in dyskinetic CP. Hypertonia and persistent primitive reflexes are seen in spastic CP.

Question 6

The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)who is being admitted to the hospital with dehydration. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when the child arrives to the care area?

Accepted Answer

A)Orienting a child with autism to a new environment is important, although this must be done in a quiet, controlled environment. A single room is the best place for an autistic child if the child must be hospitalized. Taking a child with autism on a tour of the pediatric unit would be too much stimulation for this child. Arts and crafts might be appropriate for an autistic child if done in the child's room, but going to the playroom would be too much stimulation for this child. An autistic child should be in a single room, if possible, away from distractions.
B)Orienting a child with autism to a new environment is important, although this must be done in a quiet, controlled environment. A single room is the best place for an autistic child if the child must be hospitalized. Taking a child with autism on a tour of the pediatric unit would be too much stimulation for this child. Arts and crafts might be appropriate for an autistic child if done in the child's room, but going to the playroom would be too much stimulation for this child. An autistic child should be in a single room, if possible, away from distractions.
C)Orienting a child with autism to a new environment is important, although this must be done in a quiet, controlled environment. A single room is the best place for an autistic child if the child must be hospitalized. Taking a child with autism on a tour of the pediatric unit would be too much stimulation for this child. Arts and crafts might be appropriate for an autistic child if done in the child's room, but going to the playroom would be too much stimulation for this child. An autistic child should be in a single room, if possible, away from distractions.
D)Orienting a child with autism to a new environment is important, although this must be done in a quiet, controlled environment. A single room is the best place for an autistic child if the child must be hospitalized. Taking a child with autism on a tour of the pediatric unit would be too much stimulation for this child. Arts and crafts might be appropriate for an autistic child if done in the child's room, but going to the playroom would be too much stimulation for this child. An autistic child should be in a single room, if possible, away from distractions.

Question 7

The parent of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)asks why family therapy has been prescribed. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)Parents of children with autism report more family problems, more marital problems, more depression, and more social isolation than parents of typically developing children or parents of children who are severely and persistently mentally ill. Family therapy will help them cope with the diagnosis through the problem-solving process. The other responses are important interventions for the child but are not the goal of family therapy.
B)Parents of children with autism report more family problems, more marital problems, more depression, and more social isolation than parents of typically developing children or parents of children who are severely and persistently mentally ill. Family therapy will help them cope with the diagnosis through the problem-solving process. The other responses are important interventions for the child but are not the goal of family therapy.
C)Parents of children with autism report more family problems, more marital problems, more depression, and more social isolation than parents of typically developing children or parents of children who are severely and persistently mentally ill. Family therapy will help them cope with the diagnosis through the problem-solving process. The other responses are important interventions for the child but are not the goal of family therapy.
D)Parents of children with autism report more family problems, more marital problems, more depression, and more social isolation than parents of typically developing children or parents of children who are severely and persistently mentally ill. Family therapy will help them cope with the diagnosis through the problem-solving process. The other responses are important interventions for the child but are not the goal of family therapy.

Question 8

A community health nurse is teaching a group of women about the dangers of smoking. Which of the following child health problems should the nurse mention as associated with smoking during pregnancy?

Accepted Answer

A)Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for ADHD in children. Smoking during pregnancy is not related to vision impairment, personality disorders, or benzodiazepine withdrawal.
B)Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for ADHD in children. Smoking during pregnancy is not related to vision impairment, personality disorders, or benzodiazepine withdrawal.
C)Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for ADHD in children. Smoking during pregnancy is not related to vision impairment, personality disorders, or benzodiazepine withdrawal.
D)Maternal smoking during pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for ADHD in children. Smoking during pregnancy is not related to vision impairment, personality disorders, or benzodiazepine withdrawal.

Question 9

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is concerned about giving birth to a child with cerebral palsy. Which would the nurse include as risk factors for the condition? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), rubella, and chickenpox in the pregnant mother and fever are all risk factors for CP. Severe jaundice in the neonatal period is also a risk factor. The greatest risk factor, however, is preterm labor. Breech delivery-not cesarean delivery-is a risk factor. Low birth weight-not high birth weight-is a risk factor, too.
B)Infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), rubella, and chickenpox in the pregnant mother and fever are all risk factors for CP. Severe jaundice in the neonatal period is also a risk factor. The greatest risk factor, however, is preterm labor. Breech delivery-not cesarean delivery-is a risk factor. Low birth weight-not high birth weight-is a risk factor, too.
C)Infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), rubella, and chickenpox in the pregnant mother and fever are all risk factors for CP. Severe jaundice in the neonatal period is also a risk factor. The greatest risk factor, however, is preterm labor. Breech delivery-not cesarean delivery-is a risk factor. Low birth weight-not high birth weight-is a risk factor, too.
D)Infections such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), rubella, and chickenpox in the pregnant mother and fever are all risk factors for CP. Severe jaundice in the neonatal period is also a risk factor. The greatest risk factor, however, is preterm labor. Breech delivery-not cesarean delivery-is a risk factor. Low birth weight-not high birth weight-is a risk factor, too.

Question 10

A nurse is providing education to the caregiver of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which commonly associated behavioral problem should be identified in this teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)Many children with a spectrum disorder have associated behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, aggressiveness, temper tantrums, and self-injurious behaviors like head banging. Problems with socialization and communication difficulties are also common, evidenced by deficits in spontaneous, imaginative play. These children typically have a restricted, repetitive repertoire of interests or behaviors, and therefore usually will not become depressed due to perceiving themselves as inadequate (although some children with high-functioning ASD may experience feelings of inadequacy). Many children with ASD will have difficulty adapting to change, so they will prefer structured environments and consistent schedules. These children also tend toward hyperactivity rather than hypoactivity, although this is not always the case.
B)Many children with a spectrum disorder have associated behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, aggressiveness, temper tantrums, and self-injurious behaviors like head banging. Problems with socialization and communication difficulties are also common, evidenced by deficits in spontaneous, imaginative play. These children typically have a restricted, repetitive repertoire of interests or behaviors, and therefore usually will not become depressed due to perceiving themselves as inadequate (although some children with high-functioning ASD may experience feelings of inadequacy). Many children with ASD will have difficulty adapting to change, so they will prefer structured environments and consistent schedules. These children also tend toward hyperactivity rather than hypoactivity, although this is not always the case.
C)Many children with a spectrum disorder have associated behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, aggressiveness, temper tantrums, and self-injurious behaviors like head banging. Problems with socialization and communication difficulties are also common, evidenced by deficits in spontaneous, imaginative play. These children typically have a restricted, repetitive repertoire of interests or behaviors, and therefore usually will not become depressed due to perceiving themselves as inadequate (although some children with high-functioning ASD may experience feelings of inadequacy). Many children with ASD will have difficulty adapting to change, so they will prefer structured environments and consistent schedules. These children also tend toward hyperactivity rather than hypoactivity, although this is not always the case.
D)Many children with a spectrum disorder have associated behavioral problems such as hyperactivity, aggressiveness, temper tantrums, and self-injurious behaviors like head banging. Problems with socialization and communication difficulties are also common, evidenced by deficits in spontaneous, imaginative play. These children typically have a restricted, repetitive repertoire of interests or behaviors, and therefore usually will not become depressed due to perceiving themselves as inadequate (although some children with high-functioning ASD may experience feelings of inadequacy). Many children with ASD will have difficulty adapting to change, so they will prefer structured environments and consistent schedules. These children also tend toward hyperactivity rather than hypoactivity, although this is not always the case.

Question 11

A nurse is completing a psychosocial assessment of an adult client. Which finding is most consistent with an adult who has ADHD?

Accepted Answer

A)Chemical dependence and participation in risky behaviors are common in adults with ADHD. Personal and social relationships tend to be difficult for adults with ADHD, so it is unlikely he would enjoy socializing with others. In addition, adults with ADHD tend to struggle in the workplace. Finally, tiredness, listlessness, and inability to complete care tasks would be indicative of depression, not ADHD.
B)Chemical dependence and participation in risky behaviors are common in adults with ADHD. Personal and social relationships tend to be difficult for adults with ADHD, so it is unlikely he would enjoy socializing with others. In addition, adults with ADHD tend to struggle in the workplace. Finally, tiredness, listlessness, and inability to complete care tasks would be indicative of depression, not ADHD.
C)Chemical dependence and participation in risky behaviors are common in adults with ADHD. Personal and social relationships tend to be difficult for adults with ADHD, so it is unlikely he would enjoy socializing with others. In addition, adults with ADHD tend to struggle in the workplace. Finally, tiredness, listlessness, and inability to complete care tasks would be indicative of depression, not ADHD.
D)Chemical dependence and participation in risky behaviors are common in adults with ADHD. Personal and social relationships tend to be difficult for adults with ADHD, so it is unlikely he would enjoy socializing with others. In addition, adults with ADHD tend to struggle in the workplace. Finally, tiredness, listlessness, and inability to complete care tasks would be indicative of depression, not ADHD.

Question 12

Assuming approximately the same birth weight, level of prenatal care, and level of genetic predisposition, which of the following infants is least likely to develop ADHD during childhood?

Accepted Answer

A)Preterm birth is a risk factor for ADHD. The infant born at 38 weeks is considered a term infant; all the others are considered preterm. Thus, the infant born at 38 weeks is at lowest risk.
B)Preterm birth is a risk factor for ADHD. The infant born at 38 weeks is considered a term infant; all the others are considered preterm. Thus, the infant born at 38 weeks is at lowest risk.
C)Preterm birth is a risk factor for ADHD. The infant born at 38 weeks is considered a term infant; all the others are considered preterm. Thus, the infant born at 38 weeks is at lowest risk.
D)Preterm birth is a risk factor for ADHD. The infant born at 38 weeks is considered a term infant; all the others are considered preterm. Thus, the infant born at 38 weeks is at lowest risk.

Question 13

Which should the nurse identify as risk factors for a pregnant client having a baby with autism? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)Determining risk for autism is difficult; however, some factors appear to be linked. A maternal age of 40 or older increases the risk that a child will be born with autism. Maternal smoking or the use of alcohol during pregnancy also increases rates of autism. Employment status and exercise level are not risk factors for the development of autism.
B)Determining risk for autism is difficult; however, some factors appear to be linked. A maternal age of 40 or older increases the risk that a child will be born with autism. Maternal smoking or the use of alcohol during pregnancy also increases rates of autism. Employment status and exercise level are not risk factors for the development of autism.
C)Determining risk for autism is difficult; however, some factors appear to be linked. A maternal age of 40 or older increases the risk that a child will be born with autism. Maternal smoking or the use of alcohol during pregnancy also increases rates of autism. Employment status and exercise level are not risk factors for the development of autism.
D)Determining risk for autism is difficult; however, some factors appear to be linked. A maternal age of 40 or older increases the risk that a child will be born with autism. Maternal smoking or the use of alcohol during pregnancy also increases rates of autism. Employment status and exercise level are not risk factors for the development of autism.
E)Determining risk for autism is difficult; however, some factors appear to be linked. A maternal age of 40 or older increases the risk that a child will be born with autism. Maternal smoking or the use of alcohol during pregnancy also increases rates of autism. Employment status and exercise level are not risk factors for the development of autism.

Question 14

Which clinical manifestation of ADHD is more commonly observed in school-aged girls than in school-aged boys?

Accepted Answer

A)Typically, girls with ADHD show far more anxiety, mood swings, social withdrawal, rejection, and cognitive and language problems than boys, but less aggression and impulsiveness. Sleep disturbances are common in ADHD clients of both genders.
B)Typically, girls with ADHD show far more anxiety, mood swings, social withdrawal, rejection, and cognitive and language problems than boys, but less aggression and impulsiveness. Sleep disturbances are common in ADHD clients of both genders.
C)Typically, girls with ADHD show far more anxiety, mood swings, social withdrawal, rejection, and cognitive and language problems than boys, but less aggression and impulsiveness. Sleep disturbances are common in ADHD clients of both genders.
D)Typically, girls with ADHD show far more anxiety, mood swings, social withdrawal, rejection, and cognitive and language problems than boys, but less aggression and impulsiveness. Sleep disturbances are common in ADHD clients of both genders.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a child newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Which of the following is the most appropriate overall outcome for this child?

Accepted Answer

A)Autism spectrum disorders involve difficulties in the quality of both the social interaction and the communication of the child. In social interaction, the child may have problems making eye contact, fail to develop appropriate peer relationships, fail to spontaneously seek out shared enjoyment with other people, or show no social or emotional reciprocity. Children with spectrum disorders may or may not be able to acknowledge the effects of their behavior on others, stay on task, or acknowledge personal strengths.
B)Autism spectrum disorders involve difficulties in the quality of both the social interaction and the communication of the child. In social interaction, the child may have problems making eye contact, fail to develop appropriate peer relationships, fail to spontaneously seek out shared enjoyment with other people, or show no social or emotional reciprocity. Children with spectrum disorders may or may not be able to acknowledge the effects of their behavior on others, stay on task, or acknowledge personal strengths.
C)Autism spectrum disorders involve difficulties in the quality of both the social interaction and the communication of the child. In social interaction, the child may have problems making eye contact, fail to develop appropriate peer relationships, fail to spontaneously seek out shared enjoyment with other people, or show no social or emotional reciprocity. Children with spectrum disorders may or may not be able to acknowledge the effects of their behavior on others, stay on task, or acknowledge personal strengths.
D)Autism spectrum disorders involve difficulties in the quality of both the social interaction and the communication of the child. In social interaction, the child may have problems making eye contact, fail to develop appropriate peer relationships, fail to spontaneously seek out shared enjoyment with other people, or show no social or emotional reciprocity. Children with spectrum disorders may or may not be able to acknowledge the effects of their behavior on others, stay on task, or acknowledge personal strengths.

Question 16

A nurse is caring for a child who has been diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The client's healthcare provider has prescribed amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall)to treat the child's disorder. Which of the following statements regarding the use of this medication is appropriate for the nurse to include in the medication teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall), a psychostimulant, may delay the child's growth, and height should be monitored frequently. Liver function should be monitored with nonstimulant medications, not stimulants. Nonstimulants, not stimulants, may increase the risk of psychosis. Stimulant medications have a higher-not a lower-tendency to be abused.
B)Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall), a psychostimulant, may delay the child's growth, and height should be monitored frequently. Liver function should be monitored with nonstimulant medications, not stimulants. Nonstimulants, not stimulants, may increase the risk of psychosis. Stimulant medications have a higher-not a lower-tendency to be abused.
C)Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall), a psychostimulant, may delay the child's growth, and height should be monitored frequently. Liver function should be monitored with nonstimulant medications, not stimulants. Nonstimulants, not stimulants, may increase the risk of psychosis. Stimulant medications have a higher-not a lower-tendency to be abused.
D)Amphetamine-dextroamphetamine (Adderall), a psychostimulant, may delay the child's growth, and height should be monitored frequently. Liver function should be monitored with nonstimulant medications, not stimulants. Nonstimulants, not stimulants, may increase the risk of psychosis. Stimulant medications have a higher-not a lower-tendency to be abused.

Question 17

A community health nurse is educating pregnant clients about the risk factors associated with the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Which statement will the nurse include in the educational session?

Accepted Answer

A)Although ADHD has not been linked to a specific gene, the disorder has been linked to prenatal exposure or disease. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk for the child to develop ADHD. ADHD has been linked to childhood exposure to lead, not folate.
B)Although ADHD has not been linked to a specific gene, the disorder has been linked to prenatal exposure or disease. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk for the child to develop ADHD. ADHD has been linked to childhood exposure to lead, not folate.
C)Although ADHD has not been linked to a specific gene, the disorder has been linked to prenatal exposure or disease. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk for the child to develop ADHD. ADHD has been linked to childhood exposure to lead, not folate.
D)Although ADHD has not been linked to a specific gene, the disorder has been linked to prenatal exposure or disease. Prenatal exposure to cigarette smoke increases the risk for the child to develop ADHD. ADHD has been linked to childhood exposure to lead, not folate.

Question 18

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a child diagnosed with ASD. Which of the following healthcare professionals should the nurse tell the parents will take part in their child's care? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)The goals of therapy are to facilitate communication, reduce rigidity, and treat maladaptive behaviors. To reach these goals, the child will be treated by a speech therapist, a play therapist, and social services. Laboratory technicians do not treat clients. A public health agency does not treat clients, although individuals who work there might.
B)The goals of therapy are to facilitate communication, reduce rigidity, and treat maladaptive behaviors. To reach these goals, the child will be treated by a speech therapist, a play therapist, and social services. Laboratory technicians do not treat clients. A public health agency does not treat clients, although individuals who work there might.
C)The goals of therapy are to facilitate communication, reduce rigidity, and treat maladaptive behaviors. To reach these goals, the child will be treated by a speech therapist, a play therapist, and social services. Laboratory technicians do not treat clients. A public health agency does not treat clients, although individuals who work there might.
D)The goals of therapy are to facilitate communication, reduce rigidity, and treat maladaptive behaviors. To reach these goals, the child will be treated by a speech therapist, a play therapist, and social services. Laboratory technicians do not treat clients. A public health agency does not treat clients, although individuals who work there might.
E)The goals of therapy are to facilitate communication, reduce rigidity, and treat maladaptive behaviors. To reach these goals, the child will be treated by a speech therapist, a play therapist, and social services. Laboratory technicians do not treat clients. A public health agency does not treat clients, although individuals who work there might.

Question 19

A parent of a high school student with high-functioning ASD asks whether the child will ever be able to work. Which response by the nurse is best?

Accepted Answer

A)Many communities provide job training and supervised work programs for adults with ASD. Although some adult patients with ASD do reside in group living environments, many live independently or with their parents. Many adults with ASD who cannot function independently or whose family can no longer provide care for them receive government subsidies, but there is no indication that this is the case for this client. It is incorrect to state that people can "grow out of" ASD.
B)Many communities provide job training and supervised work programs for adults with ASD. Although some adult patients with ASD do reside in group living environments, many live independently or with their parents. Many adults with ASD who cannot function independently or whose family can no longer provide care for them receive government subsidies, but there is no indication that this is the case for this client. It is incorrect to state that people can "grow out of" ASD.
C)Many communities provide job training and supervised work programs for adults with ASD. Although some adult patients with ASD do reside in group living environments, many live independently or with their parents. Many adults with ASD who cannot function independently or whose family can no longer provide care for them receive government subsidies, but there is no indication that this is the case for this client. It is incorrect to state that people can "grow out of" ASD.
D)Many communities provide job training and supervised work programs for adults with ASD. Although some adult patients with ASD do reside in group living environments, many live independently or with their parents. Many adults with ASD who cannot function independently or whose family can no longer provide care for them receive government subsidies, but there is no indication that this is the case for this client. It is incorrect to state that people can "grow out of" ASD.

Question 20

The parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD)observe that the child has difficulty making friends and are concerned about social expectations for their child. Which of the following is the priority diagnosis for this child based on the parents' concern?

Accepted Answer

A)The parents want to know what the social expectations for their child are. ASD involves difficulties in the quality of both the social interactions and the communication of the child. In social interactions, the child may have problems making eye contact, developing appropriate peer relationships, and spontaneously seeking out shared enjoyment with other people, or the child may show no social or emotional reciprocity. When overaroused by sensations (internal or external), the individual with ASD reacts as if the stimulus is irritating or even threatening. Children with ASD may shut down or try to get away from the stimulus by screaming, covering their ears, or running away. Often they are overly sensitive to sounds, tastes, smells, and sights, may prefer soft clothing and certain foods, and may be bothered by sounds or sights no one else hears or sees. At other times, they may be oblivious to what is occurring in the environment. The parents did not ask about social isolation and diversional activity. The parents do not indicate that the child is struggling to cope with these issues.
B)The parents want to know what the social expectations for their child are. ASD involves difficulties in the quality of both the social interactions and the communication of the child. In social interactions, the child may have problems making eye contact, developing appropriate peer relationships, and spontaneously seeking out shared enjoyment with other people, or the child may show no social or emotional reciprocity. When overaroused by sensations (internal or external), the individual with ASD reacts as if the stimulus is irritating or even threatening. Children with ASD may shut down or try to get away from the stimulus by screaming, covering their ears, or running away. Often they are overly sensitive to sounds, tastes, smells, and sights, may prefer soft clothing and certain foods, and may be bothered by sounds or sights no one else hears or sees. At other times, they may be oblivious to what is occurring in the environment. The parents did not ask about social isolation and diversional activity. The parents do not indicate that the child is struggling to cope with these issues.
C)The parents want to know what the social expectations for their child are. ASD involves difficulties in the quality of both the social interactions and the communication of the child. In social interactions, the child may have problems making eye contact, developing appropriate peer relationships, and spontaneously seeking out shared enjoyment with other people, or the child may show no social or emotional reciprocity. When overaroused by sensations (internal or external), the individual with ASD reacts as if the stimulus is irritating or even threatening. Children with ASD may shut down or try to get away from the stimulus by screaming, covering their ears, or running away. Often they are overly sensitive to sounds, tastes, smells, and sights, may prefer soft clothing and certain foods, and may be bothered by sounds or sights no one else hears or sees. At other times, they may be oblivious to what is occurring in the environment. The parents did not ask about social isolation and diversional activity. The parents do not indicate that the child is struggling to cope with these issues.
D)The parents want to know what the social expectations for their child are. ASD involves difficulties in the quality of both the social interactions and the communication of the child. In social interactions, the child may have problems making eye contact, developing appropriate peer relationships, and spontaneously seeking out shared enjoyment with other people, or the child may show no social or emotional reciprocity. When overaroused by sensations (internal or external), the individual with ASD reacts as if the stimulus is irritating or even threatening. Children with ASD may shut down or try to get away from the stimulus by screaming, covering their ears, or running away. Often they are overly sensitive to sounds, tastes, smells, and sights, may prefer soft clothing and certain foods, and may be bothered by sounds or sights no one else hears or sees. At other times, they may be oblivious to what is occurring in the environment. The parents did not ask about social isolation and diversional activity. The parents do not indicate that the child is struggling to cope with these issues.

Quiz 25: Development

A nurse is assessing a child who shows marked abnormalities in speech patterns. These includes using you in place of I, parroting words and phrases, and repeating questions rather than answering them. The nurse should recognize that these are characteristic of which condition?

The nurse is caring for an adult client with ASD. He indicates that he struggles with finding and maintaining employment. Which action by the nurse best addresses the client's needs?

A pediatric nurse is performing an assessment on a toddler who is suspected of having autism spectrum disorder (ASD) . Which of the following questions to the parents would be least useful in gathering the information necessary to appropriately assess the toddler for this disorder?

An individual with ASD who demonstrates marked distress on switching activities (such as responding with loud verbalizations and behaviors that could result in self-harm) is demonstrating which level of clinical manifestations of the disorder?

The nurse is caring for a 9-month-old client diagnosed with ataxic cerebral palsy (CP) . Which of the following clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate when assessing this client? Select all that apply.

The nurse is caring for a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) who is being admitted to the hospital with dehydration. Which action by the nurse is appropriate when the child arrives to the care area?

The parent of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) asks why family therapy has been prescribed. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?

A community health nurse is teaching a group of women about the dangers of smoking. Which of the following child health problems should the nurse mention as associated with smoking during pregnancy?

The nurse is providing teaching to a client who is concerned about giving birth to a child with cerebral palsy. Which would the nurse include as risk factors for the condition? Select all that apply.

A nurse is providing education to the caregiver of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) . Which commonly associated behavioral problem should be identified in this teaching?

A nurse is completing a psychosocial assessment of an adult client. Which finding is most consistent with an adult who has ADHD?

Assuming approximately the same birth weight, level of prenatal care, and level of genetic predisposition, which of the following infants is least likely to develop ADHD during childhood?

Which should the nurse identify as risk factors for a pregnant client having a baby with autism? Select all that apply.

Which clinical manifestation of ADHD is more commonly observed in school-aged girls than in school-aged boys?

The nurse is caring for a child newly diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) . Which of the following is the most appropriate overall outcome for this child?

A community health nurse is educating pregnant clients about the risk factors associated with the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) . Which statement will the nurse include in the educational session?

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a child diagnosed with ASD. Which of the following healthcare professionals should the nurse tell the parents will take part in their child's care? Select all that apply.

A parent of a high school student with high-functioning ASD asks whether the child will ever be able to work. Which response by the nurse is best?

The parents of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) observe that the child has difficulty making friends and are concerned about social expectations for their child. Which of the following is the priority diagnosis for this child based on the parents' concern?