Question 1

When a group of symptoms typically co-occur, it is called a
A)syndrome.
B)mental disorder.
C)diagnosis.
D)cluster.

Accepted Answer

A group of symptoms that typically co-occur is called a syndrome. A syndrome is a medical term used to describe a set of symptoms that occur together and are characteristic of a particular condition or disease.

Question 2

___________ was a 17ᵗʰ century physician who is credited with advocating an empirical approach to classification and diagnosis, which influenced Griesinger, and later Kraepelin.
A)Sydenham
B)Galen
C)Darwin
D)Breuer

Accepted Answer

Thomas Sydenham was a 17th century physician known as the "English Hippocrates" who advocated for an empirical approach to classification and diagnosis. His emphasis on careful observation and documentation of symptoms influenced later psychiatrists such as Griesinger and Kraepelin.

Question 3

The reasoning behind hypnosis as developed by Mesmer was
A)changing magnetic fields in his patients would result in symptom reduction.
B)relaxation was a sufficient treatment for alleviating symptoms.
C)that frightening patients would result in symptom reduction.
D)that faith in the healer caused healing.

Accepted Answer

Mesmer believed that changing magnetic fields in his patients would result in symptom reduction, a concept central to his theory of "animal magnetism."

Question 4

The current classification system for mental illness was heavily influenced by which of the following individuals?
A)Sigmund Freud
B)Emil Kraepelin
C)Philippe Pinel
D)Franz Mesmer

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin is credited with developing the current classification system for mental illness, which became known as the Kraepelinian model. He separated mental disorders into specific categories based on clinical symptoms and course of illness, which laid the foundation for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) used today. While the other individuals listed have made significant contributions to the field of psychology and mental health, they did not have as direct an impact on the classification system as Kraepelin.

Question 5

Alan was admitted to the hospital complaining of dizzy spells and the fear that he might be dying. A medical exam showed that there was nothing physically wrong. Which explanation would least likely be offered by an advocate of the psychogenic hypothesis?
A)He had learned his symptoms from his upbringing.
B)His anxiety was driven by hypersensitivity to criticism.
C)He experienced difficulty during toilet training.
D)He is genetically predisposed as his father also suffers spells such as these.

Accepted Answer

The psychogenic hypothesis suggests that Alan's symptoms are caused by psychological factors rather than physical ones. A genetic predisposition would not be a psychological factor and is, therefore, an unlikely explanation from an advocate of the psychogenic hypothesis.

Question 6

Psychopathology has been dominated by the somatogenic hypothesis because of
A)the dominance of nonmedical professionals in the area.
B)the discovery of the link between general paresis and syphilis.
C)the general lack of other theories.
D)the identification of brain dysfunction in schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

The somatogenic hypothesis, which suggests that mental disorders have a physical or organic basis, gained prominence in the field of psychopathology in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. One of the factors that contributed to this dominance was the discovery of the link between general paresis and syphilis, which provided strong evidence for the somatogenic theory.

Question 7

Psychogenesis developed from attempts at treating which condition?
A)Demonic possession
B)Depression
C)Hysteria
D)Aphasia

Accepted Answer

Psychogenesis developed from attempts at treating hysteria, which was a common diagnosis for women in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This approach was popularized by Sigmund Freud and his followers in the field of psychoanalysis.

Question 8

Emil Kraepelin
A)showed that hypnosis blocks pain.
B)described human anatomy.
C)developed a classification system of mental disorders.
D)pioneered the free association method.

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin is known for developing the first modern classification system for mental disorders, which he outlined in his seminal work, "Compendium der Psychiatrie." His classification system is still influential in modern psychiatry and forms the basis for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM).

Question 9

The role of provincial psychiatric hospitals today is
A)to provide tertiary inpatient care for complex cases.
B)to provide care mostly for non-psychotic conditions.
C)to provide centres of excellence for all mental conditions.
D)to provide portable community-based primary care services.

Accepted Answer

Provincial psychiatric hospitals are specialized health care facilities that provide tertiary care for patients with severe and complex mental illnesses. Their primary focus is on inpatient care and treatment of acute and chronic psychiatric disorders. They provide specialized services that are not available in community mental health centers or general hospitals, such as electroconvulsive therapy, specialized medication management, and intensive psychological therapies. While some provincial psychiatric hospitals may have specialized programs for specific mental health conditions, they are primarily focused on providing care for all mental illnesses that require complex interventions. Therefore, the best choice is A.

Question 10

John feels that he must check the stove between 12 and 15 times before leaving the house. He experiences extreme anxiety when there is interference in his checking. The psychogenic position would suggest which explanation for his checking?
A)John is genetically predisposed to obsessive-compulsive behaviour.
B)Checking is due to a brain malfunction, most likely in the limbic system.
C)The checking is due to a head injury, leading to forget that he turned off the stove.
D)John's compulsive behaviour is driven by the need to ward off forbidden impulses.

Accepted Answer

The psychogenic position suggests that John's compulsive behavior is driven by the need to ward off forbidden impulses.

Question 11

The discovery of the cause of syphilis was important to the field of mental illness for which reason?
A)Syphilis was widely feared, and exacerbated mental illness.
B)It increased interest in determining medical causes for mental illness.
C)More asylum patients were diagnosed with syphilis.
D)It highlighted the need for valid diagnostic systems.

Accepted Answer

The discovery of the cause of syphilis increased interest in determining medical causes for mental illness, leading to more research and investigation into other potential medical causes of mental illness.

Question 12

The early classification system developed by Kraepelin
A)was based on the psychogenic hypothesis.
B)was not influential in later diagnostic manuals.
C)emphasized the continuity of mental illness from normal to abnormal.
D)assumed each disorder was a distinct entity.

Accepted Answer

Kraepelin's classification system assumed that each disorder was a distinct entity, with unique symptoms and underlying causes. It emphasized the importance of categorizing mental illnesses based on clinical features, which had a significant influence on later diagnostic manuals such as the DSM.

Question 13

The germ theory of disease was established by:
A)Emil Krapelin
B)Franz Mesmer
C)Henri Charcot
D)Louis Pasteur

Accepted Answer

Louis Pasteur is credited with establishing the germ theory of disease, which states that microorganisms are the cause of infectious diseases. He conducted experiments that proved the link between microbes and disease, including the famous experiment with swan-necked flasks that showed that sterilized broth could remain free of microbial growth as long as the flask remained sealed. This theory had a profound impact on medicine and public health, leading to the development of improved sanitation practices, vaccines, and antibiotics.

Question 14

Andre is admitted to a mental hospital after complaining that he is feeling suicidal. If he is in a modern mental hospital, then the primary treatment he will receive will be
A)moral therapy.
B)somatogenic.
C)surgical.
D)psychogenic.

Accepted Answer

If Andre is admitted to a modern mental hospital after expressing suicidal ideation, the primary treatment he will likely receive will be somatogenic, which involves the use of medication and/or other medical interventions to treat mental illnesses. Moral therapy, surgical interventions, and psychogenic therapies are not typically primary treatments for suicidal ideation in modern mental health care settings.

Question 15

Which of the following is true regarding the psychogenic theory?
A)It suggests that mental illness is medical in origin.
B)It was the first attempt at explaining mental illness.
C)It is the basis for genetic causes of mental illness.
D)It suggests that mental illness is psychological in origin.

Accepted Answer

The psychogenic theory suggests that mental illness is psychological in origin, caused by an individual's experiences, emotions, and behaviour. It was one of the earliest attempts at explaining mental illness, but it is not the basis for genetic causes of mental illness.

Question 16

Hypnosis, as originally used by Mesmer, was used for
A)mild exorcism.
B)uncovering early child abuse.
C)acting as an anaesthetic.
D)treating hysteria.

Accepted Answer

Hypnosis was originally used by Mesmer for treating hysteria. Mesmer believed that the cause of hysteria was a disruption in the body’s magnetic field, and he used hypnosis to restore the balance of these magnetic forces. This practice eventually evolved into modern hypnosis, which is now used for a variety of therapeutic purposes.

Question 17

Jim is currently a chronic patient in a provincial psychiatric hospital in Alberta, Canada. In general, what is likely the best description of his daily experience?
A)Full of physical and artistic group activities
B)Mentally stimulating with a focus on individual and group therapy
C)Monotonous and sedentary
D)Solitary and segregated

Accepted Answer

Chronic patients in psychiatric hospitals often have regimented and monotonous daily schedules with limited physical and mental stimulation. They may spend much of their time in sedentary activities or solitary confinement. It is unlikely that Jim has access to physical or artistic group activities or that he receives a high level of mental stimulation through individual and group therapy.

Question 18

What is the function of a Community Treatment Order?
A)To require psychologists to deliver some services to the community free of charge.
B)To regulate when and how mentally ill persons can live in the community.
C)To require medical practitioners to make detailed reports about patients' compliance with treatment.
D)To ensure that the provincial governments commit to opening treatment centres within rural communities.

Accepted Answer

A Community Treatment Order is a legal order that regulates when and how mentally ill persons can live in the community. It allows for involuntary treatment and monitoring of individuals with mental illness to prevent deterioration of their condition and protect both the individual and the community. The order requires the person to comply with certain treatment plans, such as taking medication or attending therapy, and may require regular check-ins with a healthcare provider.

Question 19

Modern psychogenic approaches have their origin in
A)drug therapy.
B)hypnosis as a treatment procedure.
C)methods that remove biochemical imbalances.
D)surgical procedures.

Accepted Answer

Modern psychogenic approaches have their origin in hypnosis as a treatment procedure. Hypnosis was the precursor to modern-day psychotherapy and helped shift the focus of treatment from physiological causes to psychological causes.

Question 20

General paresis is best described as
A)an early term for schizophrenia.
B)hysterical paralysis with no medical cause.
C)a deterioration of mental and physical health in associated with syphilis.
D)a blood-letting technique.

Accepted Answer

General paresis, also known as general paresis of the insane, is a late stage of neurosyphilis characterized by a deterioration of mental and physical health, including psychosis, dementia, and difficulty with muscular coordination. It is caused by damage to the brain and central nervous system resulting from untreated syphilis infection. It is not related to schizophrenia or hysteria, nor is it a medical treatment such as blood-letting.

Quiz 1: Introduction: Definitional and Historical Considerations, and Canadas Mental Health

When a group of symptoms typically co-occur, it is called a

___________ was a 17ᵗʰ century physician who is credited with advocating an empirical approach to classification and diagnosis, which influenced Griesinger, and later Kraepelin.

The reasoning behind hypnosis as developed by Mesmer was

The current classification system for mental illness was heavily influenced by which of the following individuals?

Alan was admitted to the hospital complaining of dizzy spells and the fear that he might be dying. A medical exam showed that there was nothing physically wrong. Which explanation would least likely be offered by an advocate of the psychogenic hypothesis?

Psychopathology has been dominated by the somatogenic hypothesis because of

Psychogenesis developed from attempts at treating which condition?

Emil Kraepelin

The role of provincial psychiatric hospitals today is

John feels that he must check the stove between 12 and 15 times before leaving the house. He experiences extreme anxiety when there is interference in his checking. The psychogenic position would suggest which explanation for his checking?

The discovery of the cause of syphilis was important to the field of mental illness for which reason?

The early classification system developed by Kraepelin

The germ theory of disease was established by:

Andre is admitted to a mental hospital after complaining that he is feeling suicidal. If he is in a modern mental hospital, then the primary treatment he will receive will be

Which of the following is true regarding the psychogenic theory?

Hypnosis, as originally used by Mesmer, was used for

Jim is currently a chronic patient in a provincial psychiatric hospital in Alberta, Canada. In general, what is likely the best description of his daily experience?

What is the function of a Community Treatment Order?

Modern psychogenic approaches have their origin in

General paresis is best described as