Question 1

Tom is a loner, who has few friends and never seems to show emotion. He is showing signs of __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Tom's lack of interest in social relationships and emotional expression are consistent with symptoms of schizoid personality disorder. Antisocial personality disorder involves disregard for the rights of others and violating social norms, while paranoid personality disorder involves distrust and suspicion of others.

Question 2

Behavior or mental processes are suggestive of psychological disorders when they involve faulty perception or interpretation of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Behavior or mental processes are suggestive of...

Question 3

People with __________ personality disorder are typically in conflict with society and predatory in their relationships with other people.

Accepted Answer

People with antisocial personality disorder have a disregard for other people's rights and feelings and often engage in criminal or impulsive behavior. They may manipulate or exploit others for personal gain and have little empathy or remorse for their actions. They may also have a history of childhood behavior problems and impulsivity. This type of behavior puts them in conflict with society and frequently leads to predatory relationships with others.

Question 4

Jeffrey is a con artist who swindled his own grandmother out of her life savings. He shows no remorse and claims it was her own fault for being so gullible. Jeffrey exhibits the characteristics of __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The description of Jeffrey's behavior matches the symptoms of antisocial personality disorder, which includes disregard for the feelings and rights of others, lack of remorse, and a tendency to manipulate and exploit others for personal gain.

Question 5

Childhood experiences that contribute to maladaptive ways of relating to others in adulthood can lead to __________.

Accepted Answer

Childhood experiences that contribute to maladaptive ways of relating to others, such as abuse or neglect, have been linked to the development of personality disorders in adulthood. Eating disorders, schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder can also be influenced by childhood experiences, but they are not necessarily linked to maladaptive ways of relating to others.

Question 6

Regarding personality disorders, the learning perspective is to __________ as the biological perspective is to __________.

Accepted Answer

The learning perspective focuses on how environmental experiences and reinforcement shape and influence personality traits and patterns, while the biological perspective emphasizes the role of inherited traits and genetic predispositions in the development of personality disorders. Therefore, choice D is the best answer as it correctly pairs learning perspective with developmental environment and biological perspective with inherited traits.

Question 7

Antisocial adolescents are more likely to view social provocations as __________.

Accepted Answer

Antisocial adolescents are more likely to view social provocations as threats to their "manhood". This can lead to aggressive behavior and retaliation as they feel their status is being threatened.

Question 8

__________ psychologists have found that antisocial adolescents encode social information in ways that bolster their misdeeds.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive psychologists study how people acquire, process, and remember information. They have found that antisocial adolescents encode social information in ways that justify or rationalize their misdeeds, such as minimizing the harm caused by their actions or blaming others for their behavior. This cognitive bias can lead to further delinquent behavior.

Question 9

Many personality disorders seem to be extreme variations of ________.

Accepted Answer

Personality disorders are characterized by maladaptive patterns of behavior, thoughts, and feelings that deviate significantly from the expectations of one's culture and society. However, they are not simply exaggerations of cultural norms. Rather, they are extreme variations of normal personality traits, such as impulsivity, anxiety, and detachment, that cause significant distress and impairment in functioning.

Question 10

Jenna has few close friends outside of her immediate family. Although she is interested in others and shows warmth towards them, she is unwilling to enter into any relationships without an assurance of full acceptance. Jenna would likely be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Jenna's unwillingness to enter into relationships without an assurance of full acceptance is a characteristic feature of avoidant personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder have a pervasive pattern of social inhibition, feelings of inadequacy, and hypersensitivity to negative evaluation. They avoid social interactions due to fear of rejection or criticism, even though they desire close relationships.

Question 11

People with avoidant personalities tend to be __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People with avoidant personalities tend to be...

Question 12

A woman doesn't have any friends, is not interested in making friends, and generally does not have warm feelings toward others. Her attitude is typical of a person with

Accepted Answer

The woman's lack of interest in forming relationships and her general lack of warmth toward others are indicative of schizoid personality disorder. Individuals with this disorder tend to be loners and do not seek out social interaction or close relationships. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by disregard for others' rights and a lack of empathy, which is not described in the scenario. Agoraphobia is a fear of public places or situations and is not relevant to the woman's social interactions. Avoidant personality disorder is characterized by a fear of rejection and criticism, which is not described as a factor in the woman's behavior.

Question 13

A man is very lonely but is afraid to join groups, seek company, or accept the company of others. This behavior suggests a(n) __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

The behavior of being afraid to join groups, seeking company, or accepting the company of others is a common feature of avoidant personality disorder. People with this disorder fear being criticized or rejected, and as a result, avoid social situations and have difficulty forming close relationships. The other options, such as antisocial, schizoid, and paranoid personality disorders, do not fit the presented behavior as well.

Question 14

From a __________ perspective, many personality disorders appear to be the result of living in fragmented and alienating times.

Accepted Answer

The sociocultural perspective emphasizes the impact of cultural and societal factors on the development and manifestation of personality disorders. It suggests that living in a fragmented and alienating society may contribute to the development of personality disorders.

Question 15

Research evidence supports the theory that __________ is a frequent characteristic of people with antisocial personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Research evidence consistently supports the notion that a lack of guilt is a defining characteristic of those with antisocial personality disorder. These individuals often engage in impulsive, irresponsible, and sometimes illegal behaviors without experiencing remorse or guilt.

Question 16

Sarah is very sympathetic towards others, but has few friends because she is so afraid of rejection. She tends to stay at home, unless her family assures her that no one will criticize her. Sarah exhibits __________ personality disorder.

Accepted Answer

Sarah's fear of rejection and avoidance of social situations suggests she may have avoidant personality disorder. Antisocial personality disorder is characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, while schizoid personality disorder is characterized by social detachment and lack of emotion. Neither of these disorders seems to fit Sarah's behavior as described.

Question 17

Fran describes her sexual orientation as "bi-curious", can't tolerate being alone, and often gets involved in stormy relationships. Her attitude is typical of a person with

Accepted Answer

Fran's behavior and attitudes are typical of someone with borderline personality disorder. This disorder is characterized by a fear of abandonment, unstable and intense relationships, impulsive behavior, and an unstable sense of self. Fran's "bi-curious" orientation could be a manifestation of her impulsivity and desire for novelty in her relationships.

Question 18

What is the defining trait of borderline personality disorder?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the defining trait of borderline...

Question 19

__________ theorists suggest that antisocial personality disorder results from the improper encoding and interpretation of social information.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive theorists suggest that individuals with antisocial personality disorder have deficits in their ability to encode and interpret social information, leading to maladaptive behaviors and attitudes. This includes difficulties with empathy, recognizing emotions in others, and forming positive relationships.

Question 20

Researchers who study variations in nervous system arousal as an explanation for the observation that antisocial personality disorders tend to run in families are exploring a __________ basis for the disorder.

Accepted Answer

The researchers are exploring a genetic basis for the disorder, as they are studying variations in nervous system arousal that could have been passed down through genetics from one generation to the next.

Quiz 12: Psychological Disorders